CHERAW GAZETTE*?
? ? ' * , *
PEE DEE FARMER. *" * ' *
'
VOLUME IV. CHERAW, SOUTH-CAROLINA, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 11, 1839. NUMBER XLVIII. J
, ?~? . ?s?s
??e
EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR.
T E R M
If paid within three months, . . $3 00
II paid within three months after the
close of the year, -- 3 50
If paid within twelve months after the
close of the year, ...... 4 00
If not paid within that time, . % 5 00
A company of eight new subscribers at the
same pest office, whose names are forwarded
together, and accompanied by the cash, shall be
entitled to the paper for $20*; and a company
* of fifteen new subscribers for $30.
No paper to bo discontinued but at the option
of the editor till arrearages are paid.
Advertisements not exceeding sixteen lines,
inserted for one dollar the first time, and fifty
cents, each subsequent insertion.
Persons sending in advertisements are reques.
tec to specify the number of times they are to be
iuse*tec ; otherwise they will bo continued till
ordered oat, and oharged accordingly.
UrThe Postage must be paid on all cominu*
nicatioss.
From the New England Farmer.
TIsit ts the Farm of t Has Plainney,
Esq., Lexington mass.
We have in the fnrm of this gentleman
substantial proof of this efficacy of *'book
farminff." He assured us that his interest
in agriculture was first awakened by read'
iog the N. E. Farmer. Having received
a classical education, he has, to be sure,
the advantage of our farmers in general,
for whom so little has been done by education,?we
were prepared, therefore, in
viewing his premieea, to witness something
a little extra, from what may be seen on
well cultivated farms m general: but we
found that our expectations had not been
raised sufficiently high?* we were in fact do*
lighted and astonished to be made acquainted
with tire wonderful improvements which
have been effected on this placo since he
began to cultivate it fourteen or fifteen years
>. since. It was theo a poor worn out farm,
covered with rocks, whortleberry hushes,
and scrub oaks; while the lowlands were
inaccessible quagmires and alder swamps,
of the most nnpromisiog description?the!
whole farm, consisting of 160 acres, not!
affordmg more than 8 or 10 tooa of hay,
and all other crops in the same proportion;
the fences out of repair, the fruit of an infe.;
rior quality, fit only for cider; and every
thing upon the place at 6ixes and sevens,
aa the saying is. It does tot seem hardly
poaible that so much could have been
achieved in so short a time. It shows what
can be done by untiring diligence directed
by science. It is a complete triumph of
book farming" over the old course of bus
bandry, handed down from father to son.?
Mr. Phinoey has had the boldness to strike
out of the old path, and in some instances
persue a course of his oa n iavention. fits
improvement may be divided as follows :
1st. In planting upon the green sward
without dis'urbing ti e so I.
2d. In clearing and draining his waste
swamps and quagmires, ond converting
them into the most productive grass and
cornfields.
3d. In clearing his uplands of rocks, and
laying them into walls of the most durable
and massive description?subduing the
bushes in the unproductive pastures, and
bringing them in'o fertile fields.
4th. In his orchard of apple troes, which
for beauty, thrift, and produce can hardly
be excelled.
5th. In his choice collection of fruits of
every desirable varie'y.
6th. Io his improved breed of swine.
7th. His barns and accommodations for
caltle, swine, poultry, &c.
To which maybe added many other improvements
of n.inor importance, but which
* add to the ioteres', beauty, and profit of the
place.
The idea of planting upon the green sward
without disturbing the sod, h <s been ridiculed
by a writer in the N. E. Farmer, vol.
17, page 317?as being impracticable especially
in the potato crop. We saw an
example of this operation, and one too of a
most perfect kind, which we should suppose
sufficient to convince the mostsceptical. It
_ i ? r.i An
was 10 a lot o? mreo acres u? pviaiues* vu
the 20th of June there was a heavy crop of
grass upon the ground, in addition to which
twenty loads of compost to the acre was
spread oo, and at that time turned over;
after ploughing, it was rolled with a heavy
roller, (an implement by the way which
should be in the possession of every one
who calls himself a farmer.) The potatoes
were plan ed in drills?had been hoed but
once; yet hardly a weed was to be seen,
nor a spear grass daring to show itself, and
sufficient earth, about the plants, with every
prospect of an abundant harvest. In the
spring this ground will be in fine order to
lay down again to grass, and that too with,
out disturbing the sod ; or if advisable,
planted with corn or any other crop.
Allowing the vegetable matter turned in
equal to 20 loads of compost per acre, we
have with that 9proad what is equivalent to
40 loads per acre. No wonder then that
by following this process continually, he
should be able to cut from 2 1-2 to 3 12
tons of hay per acre, which he actually does
from his grass lands. He has another idea '
which we think important for a good crop
of grass; that is, to sow an abundance
ofsoed. H:s rule is 20 lbs. of clover seed
per acre, together with a liberal allowance
?f herds grass and red top to hoot. This
would astonish most of oir farmers,
who can afford ordy from 4 to 10 lbs. per
acre.
VVe saw a field of six acres of corn, from
which a crop of 80 bushels to the acre i?
estimated, and provided we have warm
weather sufficient to ripen any corn, we
should ju ige the estimate not too hiph ; the
cold weather a few days past, is however
against the com crop. The variety of com
planted is called the Phinney?a fine long
eared, twelve rowed variety, and earlier
than the Dutton corn, to which it has some
resemblance.
In another lot on his peat meadow, we
saw a smaller field, on which the corn was
more luxuriant and promising than on the
one just named, and if that produces 80
bushels, we should not be surprised if this
produced 100 bushels to the acre. Think
of this, you that own unreclaimed peat
meadows, and are longing for the fertile
prairies of the west; before you sacrifice
your farms and bid adieu to the institutions
and hills of New England make an effort
and bring them into subjection : it will provo
an antidote to the western fever, or we are
much mistaken.
' We noticed a fine field of wheat of 8
acres, which the laborers were gathering
into the granary. It appeared well filb'd
out: the produce estimated at 20 bushels
per acre: it was of the variety called the
Black Sea, which we find succeeds best in
the vicinity of Boston and most generally
cultivated. We were informed that about
30 acres were under the plough the present
season. Besides Indian corn, potatoes and
English grain, Mr. Phinney cultivates the
root crop extensively. His ruta bagas,
mangal wurtzeis, sugnr beets and carrots
looked very promising, and will afford an
abundance of food for his numerous family
of swine, and other stock.
In draining his low lands, Mr. Phinney
first cuts off* all springs from the surround,
ing hill by a deep cot at the margin or out. j
er edge of the piece, which is converted into;
a blind ditch : from this most important cut,
the drains are made to the centre ditch.?
Where there is an abundance of stones as
in this case, all the drains may be filled and
covered over, so that the operations of the
plough &c., may not be mpeded. We
we were shown one piece over which it was
dangerous for his cattle to pass, and in which
they sometimes got mired, before he commenced
the draining process; here his first
essay on draining had been made, in which, 1
through inexperience, he cut only the cen.
tro and cross drains; but with all he did, it
would produce nothing but skunk's cabbage, 1
hellebore, brakes, &c.; and tt seemed that 1
all his labor had been lost, until he learned 1
the importance of the ditch around the mar- '
gin, which produced tbe desired effect, and <
now it ranks among his most productive '
grass lots, and a loaded team may be driven (
without difficulty over it. ~H
We were p!eas"d with his system of dig. I
ing pent, of which he has an ample supply.
Where peat is generally dug, the grounds 1
arc left in tbe roughest state, and present an '
unpleasant and unsightly appearance, and I
remain an unproductive waste: but it is his <
rule to have the top spit, a depth of ten inch* 1
es or a loot, (he portion unfit for the fire,) <
thrown over and levelled as the work of '
dinninn ni"n/>OOft. ? 5n this WAV it SDOII he. I
u,86'"6 |??w?? ( ... > .? ? ?j .. ??? ? .
comes covered with grass, which answers
very well for stock hay.
One peculiar feature of this farm is the
massive stone walls by which it is enclosed
and divided. It would seem a Herculean
task to build the wail that has been put up
under the care of the intelligent proprietor.
In the measurement of the length of wall
upon the farm, we may safely say there are
miles of it,?we know not how much there
may be on this subject we are not informed;
?one piece of considerable length is 10 or
11 feet thick, seven leet high, and covered
with grapes which hnvo been set out on the
south side of it; a fine native variety, found
on the place. The vines were loaded with
fruit, and bring by the quantity fiom 8 to 4
10 cents per pound : we should judge their I
might be a ton of them. All the other walls 1
are double, from 5 to 10 feet thick and 5 to 1
6 feet high, and must have consumed an 1
enormous quantity of stone. Wc noticed 1
grapes upon many other portions of wall. I
The orchard on this farm is equal if not 1
superior to any we have seen. It contains 1
from 400 to 500 trees, principally Baldwins,
Russels, and Rhode Island Greenings. It
produced a very abundant crop last year,
but there is scarcely an apple upon it. Jt
was planted some where about 14 or 15
years since. The soil is generally a light
rich loam, upon a gravelly, and iu some
places a rocky foundation. The trees were
taken from the nursery in autumn, and
placed in irenches until the following spring.
'111????? I- n.n. on.fflpn an/I in
1 nt'y were piiUiieu ucui uav OU..UVU, u?u
many instances, upon the surface, without
digging any holes, and the dirt placed upon
the roots. The orchard is situated on a
side hill having a sou'h and south east ex.
posure. Muny of the trees were severely
injured by the hard winters of 1835 and
'36, which caused the destruction of some
of them. Their places have since been
supplied with young trees. The mice injured
some of the trees a number of years
since, by gnawing the bark so that in some
cases the trees were completely girdled, and
to all appearance lost. An ingenious method
was devised to save them. Having prepared
some large scions, five or six of them
were inserted in each tree below the wounds
in the bark, and then connected with bark
above the common operation of side graft,
ing: in this way the sap was conducted
from the roots to the top and the trees saved.
We saw some of the trees thus operated
upon : the scions hud increased to the di?
ame'.er of 3 or 4 inches, and hud nearly
come in contact with each other; we should
doubt, however, whether the trees would be
long lived, as the old wood must be unsound,
i and an early decay must be the conae
quence. The trees appeared now as vigoj
rous as any of their neighbois. The orchj
ard has never been laid down to grass, but
kept in constant cultiva ion. The trees are
finely shaped, having been pruned with a
skillful hand, and just high enough from the
ground to work under without inconven.
ience : the trees are about two rods apart:
in some places they nearly cover the ground.
We do not remember bow nrnny barrels
were gathered for the market last year, but
the quantity was great. Besides this orchard,
there is another that has been set out
only 2 or 3 years, of 2 or 300 trees, all of
which are sweet apples, designed expressively
for the swine. All the refuse apples
are fed to the hogs, and considered much
more valuable for that use ban for cider.
The form is abundantly stocked with
pears, plums, peaches, grapes, dec. There
are more than 2000 fruit trees of various
aorta upon the place, and all have been
reared and primed by Hie hand of the pre*
prietor himself.
One of the most pleasant sights is a trellis,
30 rods in length, covered with the Isatoella
grape, from which was gathered last
vear two tons of crapes, which found a
ready sale in Boron market at 10 to 12
cents per pound. The crop w.ts said not
to be so heavy this year, but to us it appeared
very great. Tliere is also a small house
where the more delicious foreign grapes
are grown.
The plums bad suffered severely from the
curculio, and most of the trees had lost their
fruit. There is a disease upon the currant
bush, which we have noticed in many otb* r
places as well as on this. The bush loses
its leaves permatureiy, and the frui. becomes
wither d end worthless. We have in vain \
sought for the cause. Can any of our readers
inform us, and prescribe a remedy ??
The vegetable garden is large, and well
stocked with every variety: what is not
consumed ia the fiimily is marketed or fed
to the swine.
Mr. Phinney has lak^n great pains to
improve his breed of swine, and probably
there are none sup'rior in the state. As we
have a promise from h?m of a d?*scriptton of
his pigs and piggery for tho 4N. E. Farmer,'
we shall not enlarge upon this subject. He
prefers a cross of the Berkshire nnd Muckey
to any other, and most of his nigs for i
slaughter are of this description. He has
the fail blooded Berkshire, Mickey and
*ber breeds, and miles to suit himself. We i
noticed a sow lnt? Jy imported from Eag I
land, called the Essex half black: the hin- l
Jerpart of the animal it jet bla<*k ?wd dr- i
furwuwd timtf, wtiire. There are some good i
points about her. and she may prove a val- i
uaUe acquisition to his stork: not having i
recovered from her sea voyage, she does not i
appear now nsshe will after a few w oks of i
ijood keeping. There is an old sow near
quite an obj'Ct of curiositv, (we do not re- <
collect the breed.) hat wpighs 900 Ibi.. a t
monstrous oveigrown animal she had i
been turned out of her pen to enjoy her <
liberty a ti tle, which she did not howe^ er, i
?eem to appreciate much, as all the room i
ihe wanted appeared to be enough to turn
round and lie down upon. She looks as I
hough she might be the parent of a most I
mnvirniia AtCinnn* Knf wr understood 8he 1
tvas without issue, having apparently no in- >
zlination to form an intim icy with the other
jex. The number of swine is about 140. i
the care of which employs one man con- i
stantly. i
The barns and other buildings for the ac |
comodation of stock are convenient and
comfortable, with sufficient room for the
hay and grain produced ort the farm. About i
100 ton9 of hay are cut annually, part of
which is sold. For every ton of hay sold, i
one cord of manure is purchased. To im- !
prove the land keep it <n high filth, it is necessary
of course to manufacture a large
amount of manure. This is done first by
the hog*. Tne man who has the care of i
them is constantly employed at odd hours in
furnishing them materials,such as meadow
mud, peat, weed, &c.: second, by sheep: in
autumn 150 or 200 wethers are purchased
from the droves, and fed through the win.
ter : by March they are in good flesh, and
bring a high price, and pay well for their
keeping; their yards being furnished with
a plenty of mud and litter, when mixed
by their excrements makes a rich compost:
third?by the other stock and the manure
purchased, which is carefully mixed with
twice the quantity of meadow manure. One
cord of this composition is considered about
equal to one cord of stable manure alone.
In making our observations upon this
place, we feel as if it was not in our power
to do it justice, as we spent but a few hours
upon it. Every part of it shows, that sci
cnce, industry and skill, it has been rendered
worthy of being ranked among the first
of well cultivated forms in New England,
and iis proprietor worthy of all praise for
the laudable examples ho has set for the
imitation of his agricultural brethren.
From the New England Farmer.
Profits of Farming
Much discussion and conversation have
been had upon this subject. We do not
moan to enter fully or much at large upon
a subject which requires to be examined in
various aspects and relations, in order that
! an enlightened and well founded judgment
may be made up; and especially in order
that we may not lead to any false inferences
of its unprofitableness, nor encourage any
fallacious expectations as to any advantages, I
(we moan pecuniary advantnges,) lobe de
rived from it. Theerroueous opinions and
calculations which have been formed in this
matter, have led to most painful results to
serious losses, end to bitter and vexatious
disappointments. We know a gentleman
who tried farming on an extensive and experimental
scale, whose authority is often
quoted as asserting that "in agriculture two
and two do not make four." We under*
stand it to be implied m this, that calcula.
tions respecting the profitable results cif agriculture,
or a fair return for the expenditure
of labor and the investment of capital, are
not likely to be verified as in the other business
purwits of life. We do not admit the
axiom many fair sense. Wa do not believe
that it does justice to agricalture; and tio
small experience and some observation tar-i
isfy us, that circumstances being equal*]
firming would furnish as fair a competwnHon
far is bo r, and is ample a dividend tfpdfl
the capita! invested, as the common trades
which iron engage in, and even the pursuits
of mercantile and commercial life. Of
course we except all extraordinary cases of
good fortune, and all matters of gambling
and speculation.
The returns of most crops strike one
sometimes with astonishment; and would, ifj
taken as a test, lead to the most delusive
expectations. A gram of seed sometimes
return a hundred fold; and this being sown
a second year, would perhaps give ten thousand
fold, and so on in a geometrical ratio.
Twenty bushels of potatoes planted will fre.
quently yield f>ur hundred bushels, that is
twenty for one- A bushel of wheat sown
Amolimo* pohirne I hit-to hitahiJt A n*klr
cviui lid lia*>
of ndian com planted wiH often produce
sixty bushels thai is two hundred and forty
for one. A pound of carrot seed or nra
baga, which costs a doHur, will produce six
or nine hundred bushels of roots worth one
hundred dollars. The proceeds to this case:
seem enormous and yet they are constantly (
r alized, and often, it must be admitted, at a
comparatively small expense. But no eon*
fident conclusions on the profits of farming
are to he drawn from such results as these.
So many circumstances of abatement enter
into the case, that if these are the only eta.
ments given in the case, the solution of the
problem would give the most egregiously
erroneous and deceptive results.
We are not to look to agriculture for any
extraordinary or sudden gains, as for example,
like drawing the capital pr ze in a
lottery where there are two blanks to a prize;
like some successful East India voyage,
where the sale of the cargo yields a hett
profit of one hundred per cent; or like some
sudden rise in the stocks, or some monopolized
article of produce, where a shrewd
operation draws I s hotmods or twenties of
ili??wdu Ihiu >mi powkwf. But that skill,
experience, assiduity, and industry will, in
agriculture, yield a fdr, and to a reasonable
mind an ample compensation, there are too
many and reiterated proofs to admit even of
s doubt.
As we snid in the beginning, wo do not
design at this time to go largely into this
subject, and we refer to it in pnrticulaf at
'his time, for the sake of relating some pans
of a conversation which we once had with
s respectable and independent but complainmg
farmer in our own despised State.
This man then had a farm which was
Fully valued at four thousand dotlnra. The
father, who had given the farm 'o the son,
had begun life without a dollar, had run into
deb' for a large part of the purchase money,
but had sometime since, while he supported
his family, eat ncd from the proceeds of the
farm, sufficient to pay for it. Without any
incumbrance he had then put in o his son*s
possession, and now lived with him under
he same roof.
Said the son, farming is a miserable business
!
But why to ? Let us look into this matter.
What is the estimated value of your
farm?
Four thousand dollars.
I? is increasing in value ?
Yes; by its favorable location* and by
every improvement that is made upon it.
Do you get nil the produce from it which
it can be made to yield ?
No* not one-third. It consists of one
hundred and twenty acres. At least fifty
acres of it are in wood, and a considerable
portion in pasture. Besides that, I have
several acres of peut bog* which might be
redeemed and brought into English grass,
es.
What is the value of the wood land ?
We supply our family with fuel, and bfe~
sides this the growth of the wood and the
hoop poles which we obtain from it, pays a
large interest upon the current value of the
land, so that we consider this as one of the
most profitable parts of the form.
Have you done any thing to improve
your pasture lands T
No?I suppose I Mught to. I tried one
hundred weight of piaster spread upon a
part of it, and theefT'Cts were visible as far
as the land could be seen ; but then after
that, plaster rose half a dollar on a ton, and
I thought I would not get any more. Then
the huckleberry bushes and sweet fern, and
the brakes sod alders have come in so that
I cannot keep as much stock as I could
formerly.
Have you attempted any improvement
upon your bog meadows f
No?sometimes I have thought I would.
My neighbor J. B. has redeemed eight or
ten acres, and now gets two tons nnd a half
of hay to the acre, herds grass and clover
and red top the best quality, where formerly
he got scarcely any thing; but then it
I cost him at least twenty or twenty five del.
I hirs an acre to drain and manure it; and
he will have to top dress it at least once in
five years or it will never hold out. Then,
too, he has put on at least half a bushel of
more of graos seed to the acre ; and grass
seed which 1 used to buy for twelve cents a
pound or two dollars and a half per bushel,
is now twenty cents a pound, and herds '
grass three doHsrrs per bushel. Then too,
labor is so high, I cannot afford to hfre.
H*ve yoa plenty of manure t
No; "this is a great want. I have a bog hole
where 1 suppose I could get two hundred
loads a year, bet then I should have to go
more than a mile for it, and it is wet work.
! have not any of the advantages which the
formers have who live within six or seven
miles of Boston, and can go m and buy a
load of good dung whenever they want.
Do you know what these formers have to
payfor manure in Boston?
Why, yes! I have been told they have
to give sometimes from three tolTte dollars
a cord at (he stables. Sometimes our tav.
era keeper sells a few loads, bat he asks
five dollars a cord.
Have you a barn cellar?
No. I have often thought ft wocrid be a
very good things and my barn Is weH situated
for one; but then it would cost, besides
what work I should do with my own team,
r..li ?A. -1?11 a- 1?
iuii mtj uuiran to matte uuc.
Do you keep cows?
Yes* I keep some just to est up our
coarse fodder; but our women folks do not
like dairy work, so we buy our butter and
seti our milk to the milk-man for eleven
cents a gallon.
Do you keep swine ?
Only one or two for our Own pork. We
do not have any skim-milk or butter milk
for them. Besides there ia no great profit
ita fattening hogs. They Will not much
more than pay for what fad ihey wilt eat.
I know they will make a large quanti y, of
manure, but then you must cart in a great
deal of stuff into their pent or else they!
can't make any. But come I must show
you a sow I have got; she is only fifteen
months old, and 1 sold her pigs for more
than forty dollars. I suppose I shall make 1
h*r weigh four hundred in the fall.
Do you raise your own grain and pota- 1
toes?
Not all. f raise about three acres oFcorn 1
and about as much tyet and about six hun- 1
dred bushels of potatoes. We sell hay and
buy Genesee flour. We have tried wheat,
but sometimes it is blasted ; and it don't 1
make white flour; and our women folks
say they cannot make handsome pie.crust
or while bread with k.
How many have you in your fnmdy ?
I have a wife and eight childreo, and my
father lives with me.
Have you any trade ?
No; 1 have nothing but a farm.
Does your farm support yeur family and
pay your labor ?
Why, yen! I have nothing else, excepting
a little interest that comes from some
money which I received tor the sale of wood
from the farm, sometime ago, which came
to about five hundred dollars, and which 1
put out at interest. We sell enough produce
from the farm to pay our hired labor,
which costs about a hundred dollars per
year, and our store bills and taxes.
We have very much abridged this convenation,
we shall leave it without farther
comment. But here is husbandman on
a farm valued at four thousand dollars, not
producing more than one-third of what it
might be made to produce, yet supporting
a family of eleven persons and paying all
expenses, excepting the labor and superintendence
of one man, and the farm gradually
increasing in value by every expenditure,
however small, for its improvement;
this man too, not working half the time, and
his family living in the enjoyment of all
the luxuries, if they choose to have them,
which they can reasonably ask. Let such
a man if he will, take his two hundred and
forty dollars income and labor no more
hours than he does in the country, and go
into Boston and try to suppert his family '
there. The end of the year would show '
him a result which would make him ashamed '
to complain of his preseot condition. His
whole money income of two huodred and
forty dollars would scarcely pay for his fuel, ,
his taxes, and the rent of a ten-footer.?
What an evil it is that our formers do not
know their blessings!" *.
Bogs.
From the days of Varro and Coulmella
down to the present times, there deems to
have been but little difference of opinion
among intelligent agriculturists as to the
standard qualities which constitute a good
hog. These old writeit agree in considering
the marks to be a small head, short legs,
long body, broad back, and large hams and
ehnulders. If tn thpae noints we add earlv
maturity and aptitude to fatten, we have,
pretty nearly, the modern beau idea) of a
perfect porker. There ia, however, another
modern breed of hogs, possessing none of
these Qualities, which, nevertheless, seems,
heretofore, to have been vastly popular.?
This is the "razor-backed" familv, as it is
called, with longsoouts and legs, thin bodies,
sharp backs, wonderfbl agility, and an obstinate
aversion to taking on fit. This
amiable race has been in vogue for a great
while, and is still to be found on many of
oar forms; but we think is now gradually
disappearing before the more portly breeds,
which have, from time to time, been Introduced.
Among the earliest of these valuable
importations, was the Chinese, which,
although generally considered too small in
its pure blood, for market pork, yet has
furnished an excellent cross for our native
stock ; and is perhaps the most delicate and
, beautiful meat of the pork kind for domestic
use. Various other valuable breeds have
> been since imported, which tt* a great to
provement Upon out scrub races. Among
these may be mentioned the Russia,.Beifcshire/and
Irish Grazier. The two IfcCer
are now in greatest repute; but hat* not'
yet been introduced Into this region. Wo have
the Russia, bowevfer, which in com*
parison with our scrub hog, is a astlf fine
animal; possessing many of the qualities of
the China pig, with the MditfcxttiadfaBtages
of large size and heavy weight.
It is great folly, in the fanner, to feed the
"razor-back" at no profit, or a dead loss,
when he can procure at a reasonable expense,
the improved breeds of swine, which
pay so isocn better for their keep. The
difference must be immense, as we have no
doubt a fair experiment would fully exemplify.
The possession of a good stock of
swine, too, generally, involve* the additional
advantage of better attention andhegjprhan
the scrub animal is apt to receive. The
fara*0k takes a pride end pleasure in his
care ofa good ptg, which is not extraordinary
should be altogether wanting in the
rearing an inferior one.
In relation to the management and feed
ing of a stock of ho^s, ft it altogether easier
to prescribe direction! than to reduce thern.
to practice, Crushing, grinding, boiling
teaming and fermentiog food for hogs, can
be easily demonstrated to be by tar the
mos' profitable method; and where the slock
is small, it ought always to be adopted. But
we despair ?f persuading (be hujp former
to enter upoo it. It cenaioly does make a
great deal of trouble, and consumes no little
time ; and, his time and labor cannot at*
ways oe spared from other necessary ope*
rations on the form, although there would,
doubtless, be a fair remuneration in the
economy accomplished in the use of the
food thus consumed. An English geotle
man, for instance (Mr. Saunders of Stroud +
Gloucestershire,) entered Upon and tarried
out an experiment, than which we cannot
conceive ot any thing much more trouble.
some and laborious, and at its termination
considered himself to have accomplished a
piece of great and successful economy. He
daily made five hogsheads of hay lea, thick*
ened (not with milk and sugar, but) with
bran, meal or boiled vegetables, and fed It
to upwards of 400 pigs, keeping them in ex*
eel lent order, and many of them fit for the
butcher. In the course of his experiment
he used nearly 1600 hogsheads of the tea;
the pigs took on sleek and gtoosy coats,
seemed highly gratified with their fare, and
drank themselves into a particularly rich
nd delicate meat, either for pork ot bacon.
Incredible as it may appear,the entire chat,
ges of bed, board, washing and lodging lor
these 400 pigs, were at the rate of ohe pen**
ny a head per day.
Now, brdliunt as was the success of this
experiment with these interesting pigs we
can hardly hope to persuade any of our rea~
ders to repeat it, and therefore we do not
attempt it, although k is our firm conviction
that there w but tittle, if any, labor, time, or
expense incurred on the form, which would
be better compensated than that spent in a
judicious preparation of food by cooking
or fermentation, for swine particularly. This
trouble, owing to t different organization of
the digestive functions in the bono and cow,
would not be so well remunerated when in.
curred for them.
We like the Kentucky system of making
pork. Tiie hogs there go into clover in the
sPr'n&* are turned upon the rye fields as thqy
ripen, when^hese are consumed subsistawhita
in the wheat and oats bubble, and fatten themselves
in the fields of standing com. 1 his
system invo veatwo particularly important,
among other advantages. The bogs require
little or no attention; abd returning to the
soil what they take from it the land is in a
constant routine of improvement, although
growing exhausting Crops the greater part
of the time. This method is adapted to a
large business; and although it wears the
aspect of waste and sloven iness, it may be
auestiooed whether it is not, upon the whole,
the most economical that can be devised.
Crops of oats consumed while standing,
some early, and Others to come in about the
middle of August and first of September,
would aid gready in the rearing of hoes,
and lots or fields of artichokes lor Fell.
Winter and early Spring rooting, would
without douV, bo found convenient and
profitable. The orchard, in its season, will
also prove a great help.
Tennesie4 Farmer.
OR EAT 7IKI.D OV Uttt.
Ms. Tuckeb Having noticed some
statements of extraordinary cowa in your
paper. ! have taken the liberty to send
you the following for publication. I have
a cow, although labormg under great disadvantage
in consoquence of short (bed and
extreme warm weather, gave the last week
in July, the following quantity of milk :
lbs.
Sunday, 4?
Monday, 46 3*4
Tuesday 46
Wednesday, 4?
Thursday, 60
Friday, 48
Saturday, " 47|
Total 336%
The cream from the milk of the two last
days was churned by itself and made 44
pounds of butter, being an average of two
pounds six ounces per day, of Sixteen
pound ten eunces per week.
This cow last season* whilst in good feed,
gave about sixty pounds or thirty quarts of
milk per day. j
H n Mm i> iTtu
oOU^IROn iitU.
Vic tat, ChU&Ho Co, Aug. 4, 2839.