' 1 ' N ? vJuTcitu Ollimtiirlf VOL. 26 CHERAW, S. C., JANUARY 26, 1922 > NO 12. STEVENSON AGAINST ' ANTKYNCHING BILL By David F. St. Clair. Washington, Jan. 25th?One of the best short speeches made in the house against the passage of the anti-lynching hill according to same of those who have closely followed the discussion from day to day was that of Rep. W. F. Stevenson of the Fifth South Carolina district Mr. Stevenson said to begin with that the cruelty of burn ing persons aiive uia uui. ui-biuoic with the lynchers but was first authorized and carried out by the States of the North, which had 6old the negro slaves to the South. As proof of this tact he cited the record of the case of a negro who was burned alive by the order of a court of the State of New York in 1712. It was in the North and not in the South that the rtt'Tig of negroes alive by law beg When the Sou.h purchased the negro slaves from the North it modified the law so that when the Civil War came there was only one crime in any Southern State for which a negro could be burned alive and that was for the murder of his master and in most of the Southern States that form of pvnishment had been abolished altogether. Mr. Stevenson, in answer to a question from Rep. Bird of Kansas, did i wish to perpetuate lynching), declared that South Carolina is doing more to stamp out this crime than Kansas is doing. How did lynching originate? The first lynching on record in South Carolina. he said, was the shooting to death of r one armed Confederate soldier. Matt Stevens, by a company of 40 negro militiamen belonging to the Carpet Bag government of the State in 1S71. Stevens, driving a wagon loadc with whiskey was met on the highway: by these armed negroes who deraanded the whiskeV. He risisted and wac, lynched but the anti-lynching bill in the house would not touch that case for S'evens was not accused of a crime nor was he taken from the custody of officers. But then and there was called forth: the deepest curse, which we are struggling to overcome. The white people of th community rose up, disarmed those negroes and put them in jail The Carpet Bag 'government, at once vnrfortook to release them. The white -oeople then looked into the matter and hung those they deemed guilty and liberated the others. Ever since that da'- the people of South Carolina, declared Mr. S'evenosn, have been fighting the crime of lynching. What has been the outcome? "Let me," said he. "give you 23 years of hiBtory, so that yoy will see whether you are any bet-.nd-r *he Federal statute." From 1894 to 1898, five years, there were 26 fvnehings in the State. From 1899 to 1903, there were 19 lynchings. From 10A4 * ~ 1AAO 4kA.A 1 r i IU iw meie wcic xo i j iiviiiuj^s. From 1009 ?o 1913 there were 14 lynch1ng3. Frcra 1914 to 1918 there were 8 lynchings and in the year 1919 there were only two lynchings. Judging by this steady decrease in the number of lynchings, Mr. Steven on asked the house If It could sn that South Carolina Is not trying to maintain the dignity of the law and pro;ect 'he man accused of a crime. On the other hand he po'nted to *ace riots that have occurred in the last five years in New York, Springfield. Til., East St. Louis, Chicago and "Washire*on. He said more people had been killed in these riota than had been lynched in South Carolina In the last 15 years, yet none of these riots caoie within fhe terms of this bill and what is more such bloody riots do nr occur in the South. ne isaid if the bill became a law could Imprison the governor of a State for his failure to protect a prisoner. The police officers of every city, town and hairslet in the country world be liable to arrest and congress could provide for others to take their places and concentrate all authority in Washington. And the onlv rearon for this bill is that some people have appointed themselves guardian of thr negro. He drew a psychological picture of what takes in a Southern rural community when a black brute outrages an unprotected school girl on the highway or a lonely farmer's wife and ' ?Vod, "Do you suppose if you r-' this bill you will better this awful thing?" Mr. Stevenson then concluded witn a solemn warning to the Republicans in the house. He said: "We have beer dealing with this evil and South Carr Una has made great progress. You will only foment agitation and resenhnent by this bill. The juries wil' bo the same no matter in what court you can the case. The State author' ties will cease to enforce their laws hiftlng the burden on the national OPPOSES INCOME TAX BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOCSE The following self-explaining telegram was received here on last Saturday: Secretary Chamber Commerce, Cheraw, S. C. The proposed State Income Tax and Excess Profits Bill now before the Finance Committee of the Senate provides an income tax from 25 percent to in some instances 100 percent of the Federal Income Tax. This bill If Enacted into law will seriously cripple Sotith Carolina industries and probably repel new capital under the present boll weevil conditions in this State. Our people will have to rely more upon industrial work than they have in the past industries are discouraged our people will suffer. Will | you not have your body pass a resolution protesting againts the Pending Bill and endorsing the bill advocated J by the tax payers association wh < not to exceed 10 percent of the amount of federal imcome tax. The State tax err association la working for levy n<>t to exceed 10 percent of the federal income tax and excess profits I tax. li the State tax payers association Is to carry out their program we I must have your support. Please aend j resolution to Mr. John 1 Rice, Secre! tary Palmetto Building, Columbia, S C. so that it will reach him by next Tuesday the 24th as we have a bear :ng before the Finance Committee of the Senate on that day. S. C. Tax Payers Asso. t C. W. COKER, Pres. In response to the foregoing telegram the Board of Trade passed the following resolution: Resolved by The Board of Trade | they favor the eareful rcv?-' the income tax bill as passed by the ; House so that it will produce only the [amount absolutely necessary to meet I proposed reduction in property tax levy and that every vdter, male anJ female, be required to make return of Income. ~o "Blind Youth" at Playhouse Theatre,' Bennettsville, S. C. Discriminating lovers of the drama will Tin dnnhf wnlnnmo the npu'K nf j ?- "* | the forthcoming engagement at the I PLAYHOUSE Theatre, Bennettsville, IS. C.. on Friday night, Jan. 27th of the sterling artist, Lou Tellegan, wao under his own management. w" nrecent himself, (1n person) and his own | company in a brilliant revival of his | greatest American success "Blind Youth" a cciredy drama in thrc^ acts j by Lou Tellegen and Willard Mack, .which had a run of four 'he 3J>th. Street Theatre in New York City, and divided the 1>hlance of that vear of its success between Bo ton an | Chicago. As an artist, there are few p~ j on the American stage or the stag | of any other country, that can boast | of a more enviable reputation than j 'his same Lou Tellegen. who made | his flr?t appearance in this country : years ago, as the leading man of Mme. j Sarah Bernhardt, and who remained : here to score many more hits and add 'new laurels to a then nl.TOst stc'laI name. In fact, so popular had he beicorr.e that the motion picture interests of the larger scale vied with each | other for a contract with him until finally one of them succeeded in having hiim attach hi* name to a document to make a few pictures which , called for a enumeration up in the : tens of thousands of dollars. He has I since had several offers to appear bej fore the camera for an exceedingly ' large sum but has refused all propositions. preferring the speakine drama. Mr. Tellegen brines a supporting cast of unusual excellence here ih~luding Helen Grayee, Isabel Aid Dorothy Beardsley, Georgie Prentice, I Estelle Floyd. Louis Darclay, Russell Davis, Hugh Panks and Jack Daly together with a replica of the IdenMo : production utilized In the New York, ; Boston and Chicago runs. The sale rvf canto nnona t Via Prrvatond Tiv ; vi DV.U10 u|/ciio Ui ijiv i/iv/oianu u i ? ; Bon's office on Tuesday Jan. 24th. Lyceum Attraction Pleases The Geneva Players which gave a Lyceum Course entertainment here .on Friday night had a very pleasing | and varied program including a ComeIdv Dramti. Reading. Singing and Musi! cal sketches. One of the voune ladies was especially good and her acMnt: in the plavs, and also her readings were thorough; ly enjoyed by those present. The last play, a one act comedy, was full of fun front start to finish. I prutrayinc some of the ahsudities of ; some of the present dav- beliefs. It ; was entitled "Psycho-Analysis." J government, with the result that local I cooperation will be paralyzed, and th ; latter end of the matter will be worse than the first." ! GRAVES IN ST. DAVID'S CEMETERY I In the old portion of the cemeterj near the ?ash Mill is the grave of Thomas G. Wells Died 1873 He and his brother, E. M. Wells were two orphan boys when they cam< here from Maine to lire with som< relatives. Their father was a sea captain, and their mother was a Morrell, a relative of Senator Morrell ol Maine. In 1873 Thomas Q. Wells kept tl toll bouse at tbe river bridge. One day a circus was here and great crowds came over the bridge and the toll collections were large. In the afternoon while the show was going on, and little or no passing at the bridge, Wells was murdered, robbery was presumed to be the motive as the money which he had taken In was gone. A negro was arrested who had | some bridge tickets In hts pocket was convicted and sentenced to be ; hanged. The day before the execution date his sentence was changed to life imprisonment by tne Carpet ! Bag Governor. He being legally dead hi? widow married Israel Myers, a I respectable colored man of Cheraw. The murderer remained 'in ptriBon until Ben Tillman was governor when he was pardoned. He never returned , to Cheraw. ; Since then there have been rumors that the negro was not the guilty man but that Wells was killed by a Croatan who lived many years afterwards in Marlboro. n j Contestants for Essay PHses Hard at Work. Teachers throughout the schools of the city agree im saying that it is a long time since pupils in their classes have showed the interest in history that they have betrayed since the C'ueraw Drug Co., offered three prizes j tor the beat 500 word essay on the framing and signing of the Constitution, an event which is represented ; in that firm's calendar entitled "Long May Our Land Be Bright With Freedom's Holy Light." a cop*y of which , hangs in every class-room. Every pupil under the age of 18 years te eligiI ble to compete for the prizes and from I what the instructors report, there are j f w who are overlooking this ope ! funity of gaining the coveted honor and reward that will be theirs 1f they are fo-tiina*e enough to have their compnH?ions sel^c'ed as one of the best three. Chori'w Drug Co., is following the competition with keen interest. They worked hard to make it a success, bu' the results are running even beyond their expectations. As yet the committee which, will award the prizes has not been selected, but the names of some of the most praminnet men in the community arc under discussion and it is expected that an announcement of the memberj ship of the committee will be made I shortly. Contestants are hereby notified that ; a change has been made In time for handing In these essays. Cheraw Drug Co., said today that essays should be In their hands by not later jthan Feb. 10th instead of Feb. 22nd. as previously announced. Adv. Rushlng-Oaulder. A marriage of much surprise to the friends of the young couple, took place Sunday afternoon at the home of the j officiating minister, Rev. C. P. Chewning, when Miss Nezzle Rushing became the bride of Mr. Allie J. Caulder. Miss Rushing was a popular student in the Ruby High School Mr. Caulder is a prominent young farmer of near Oherav. Their many friends extend I them congratulations and best wishes for a long and happy life. Immediately after the ceremony the 1 happy couple motored to Cheraw ; where they took the Northbound train for parts unknown. Sendees at the Methodist Church. Methodist Episcopal Church,. South Dr. Watson B. Duncan, Pastor. "The Friendly Church." Sunday School at 10 A. M., Mr. H. A. McLeod, Superintendent. Preaching at 11 A. M. and 7 P. M. by the Pastor. Morning Subject: "The Power of Personal Influence." Evening Subject: "A Young Man's Wse Choice." The young men of the community are especially invited to these services. Prayer Service on Wednesday at 7:30 P. M. Choir practice. Public cordially invited to all ser; vice?. o 1.R0 gets The Chronicle one year. 1 ADJUSTMENTS IN THE TAX SYSTEM ' -i (The Report of the Joint Committet on Economy and Consolidation has rer cently been published. The committee consists of Niels Chrlstensen, Chairman; W. Fred Lightsey; f. A. Miller; John K. Htfmblin, Secretary; K. T Hughes; J. Ed. Anedmon. Their rec, ommendations concerning taxation 5 follow.) ? In South Carolina the limits of rea sonable taxation of visible property ' have been reached and indeed long since passed; under the present tax laws it is apparent that even the most ' necessary and economical of the state activities cannot be supported without > hardship to the taxpayers. Under ! these circumstances rigid economir ' end a system of financial control 1 which will prevent waste are doubly .ecessary; yet with every economy re1 allzed neither the pressing needs of 1 the state nor the ability of the proper' ty owners to pay taxes can be given the consideration deserved. Since the 1 present general property tax is so oppressive that an economy program alone muat fall to bring full relief, the only remedy Is to reduce the general property tax as far as possible by cutting appropriations and further by levying new taxev to be paid by wealth now escaping its1 JUBt share of the tax burden. The Committee, believing that tiie state constitution prevents such a uniform and equitable assessment of the general property tax as was the intent of the fratmers of the basic law, regards the amendment of the constitution as the most important single tax reform before the people of the state and the General Assembly. In dealing with this subject it cannot state more clearly its convictions with regard to the proper course to pursue than by repeating the program of the Joint. Special Committee on Revenue and Taxation as presented in the report of 1921. That Committee outlined the course which it believed should be followed as follows: 1. The adoption by the General Assembly of 1921 (or 1922) of a Joint resolution submitting to the electors of the state amendments to the present constitution which will remove the general property tax limitations. 2. The inauguration and prosecution of a state-wide campaign of education and publicity to the end that, the people of the state may be fully informed upon the subject of taxation and in a position to pass intelligently upon the grave question before th?m. 3. The adoption by the people at the general election of 1922 of the constitutional amendments proposed by this General Assembly. 4. The passage by the General Asstcrbly of 1923 of an act providing the necessary special machinery for re| valuing the property of the staft at ! full value and for making an acruntc nM.l U.fAn?A.i> ~ P .11 AU A jauxtejr aim ; UL an tut? uiuci [taxable resources of the state. 5. Upon the basis of the accurate data srd statistics so procured the enactment by the General Assembly of 1924 of a comprehensive revenue act combining into one harmonious whole a remodeled property tax. the incime tax, the business tax, and the inheritance tax. Only as regards details of the contemplated revenue act would this C >mmittee depart in the least from that program. There is no complete remedy in sight without constitutional changes. The Committee urges first of all the fullest consideration of the above program. In addition, however, it is believed that there are imperative reasons why the (methods of raising money for state purposes shoild be changed long before the passage of the contemplated general revenue act. The portion of the general property tax payable to the state can b reduced not only by strict economv. but also by Immediate statutory changes which will secyre a permanent advance toward a scientific system of state taxation. After careful consideration of the merits of various forms of taxation which have been advocated for South Carolina, having in view especially that the action taken by the General Assembly must be in the direction of a permanent solution of the tax problem and that if possible no measures should be adopted which *ould involve Betting un administrative machinery for the collection of tr solely with a view to relieving the situation temporarily, the Committee reeomimends the immodiate enactment of an income tax law, an inheritance tax law, and a gasoline and oil tax law. Bills covering these three possible sources of income are now before the General Assembly, and it is believed they should, with some modifications, become law. All three forms of taxation are approved by leading authorities of this country and have , I been in successful operation in a num ber of other states whose experience | [ is available to guide South Carolina i in framing the important admlnistra-! tive provisions of the acts. I The Committee recommends further : that a moderate increase be made j! the corporation license taxes either on s the basis of tax upon corporate in- i debtedness Gr on the basis of capital t only as at present but with a higher t rate, that luxuries be taxed to the extent found to be practicable from the i administrative point of view and hav- ^ ing regard to the danger of imposing i an excessive burden affecting any means of livelihood, and that a very t ' moderate tax be imposed upon hydro- i electric power. Of these taxes the one which Is most ( equitable and least oppressive, in that ( it can never fall upon the persons J who do not have the ability to pay I (that is, who do not have net profits [ over and above a fair exemption) is I the Income tax. This tax cannot exact ' a tribute from a man who has little ? or no Income and take3 only a fe v p dollars unless the income is large, s The Committee recommends that the s tax be paid only by those whose C wealth is sufficient to make them lia-l f ble to the federal Income tax and that the act be so drawn as to pertm.it j cooperation with federal authorities' In enforcing the payment of taxes. A1 though the rate of taxation of incomes should be much smaller than the fed- tl eral rate, this source of revenue can t I 1 be made to be one of the most impor-i fi ; tant sources of support for state ac- tl tivities. a The inheritance tax, 1n substantially) the form now before the General As-! I serobly, 1a believed to be sound in principle and practical of administration; the Committee recommends, how u ever, that the pending bill be so amend ( ed as to levy a tax upon estates not $< settled at the time of the approval of ei the act by the Governor. The sta* N can secure from this source a sufficient a/mount of income to have an appreciable influence in reducing the general property tax without imposing hardships. On the other hand the; act cannot safely be relied upon to; bring in any considerable income dur- rj ing the first year owing to the long fj delays encountered in the settlement of estates. The gasoline and oil tax has some c] inherent advantages which make it a n particularly suitable method for collecting additional revenue. It is believed that no great opposition will a be encountered as regards the princi- g pie of the tax or Its more important features and that the details of the proposal can be worked out with little difficulty. ? t w The taxation of luxuries1 is a irr-atter ^ which deserves special support dprine b a period of depression. Such taxes when first imposed may be an inconvenience to the public; if they are c! wisely levied, however, their elee*. ! a far as they have any slight influence ti upon economic conditions, is to en- p courage thrift and in every case they t( reach people who can afford to pay w ?mall amounts for the public - lc The Committee has prp->ared ? W si containing provisions for moderate h taxes upon the imajor luxuries of the di state?automobile?, soft drinks, admissions to amusements and exhibits, and cigars and cigarettes. n The Committee has studied possible ?( sources of revenue not mentioned above and is impressed with the fact that allrost any of these would be Vl more desirable than the general prop- m erty tax in its present form. A care- ni i fill studv of thft efiVrtn nf the laws of other states and of the adminiitr tlve difficultly /to be encountered. Js however, leads to the conclusion that m the General Assembly can best eecure E a direct and entirely sound solutionis! of the tax problems of the state bv It devoting Its attention to the amendment of the constitution and to the above tax measures, especially recom-ltl mended for its consideration?the in-;w come tax, the Inheritance tax, the gasoline and oil tax, the increase in corporation license taxes, the luxury tax, and a email tax on hydro-electric K power. To assist in the greatest pos- gj Bible measure in securing laws and administrative machinery free from1 the serious defects common in some other states, the Committee with the Q cooperation of the Tax Commission and other state officers has drafted "oncrete proposals for the cons'd tlon of the General Assembly. In the . b i light of the data available it is esti- i ; mated that the following revenue can ^ I be collected in 1922 if the Committee' j f] I various proposals are promptly con sidered and acted upon: Income tax $1.600,000 j i Increased corporation tax .... 110.0001 ^ Inheritance tax ! , u Gasoline and oil tax (10 mos.) Tr.o.ooo; n Luxury tax (9 mos.) 900,0001 , Hydro-electric power tax (9 mos.) 75,000 i jtl I Total $3,435,000 w Cheraw Hi Defeats Chesterfield. The Cheraw High School baskelbal team defeated the Chesterfield five 01 Friday afternoon to the tune of 36 tc 1. Capt. "Toots" Causey started the tcoring by shooting a field goal during the first minute of play and C'ae aw maintained the lead throughout he game. The Chesterfield quintet played a tard game and their passing at times vas very good but the goal shooting naccurate. The Cheraw team showed excellent earn work and each man played his >osition in great style. The line-up was as follows: 'heraw (36) Chesterfield (8) 'ausey F Huff datheson F I'usser 1. Jallard C Finchei )uvall H G Pusser H. vendall G Britton Referee?.J. A. Knight, Chesterfield, lubstitutes, Cheraw?Evans, J. Duvall I. and Stubbs. Icor^ng, Cheraw?Causey 17, Mathe011 13, Ballard 4, and Duvall 2. 'hesterfield?Finchcr 4, I'uBser 2. and lusser H. 2. Time of halves?20 minutes. Tom Thnuib Wedding Soon. The Civic League wishes to anneer lat plans are being made to stage a 'hom Thumb Wedding in the near Jture. A pretty ceremony is being lought out and the Civic League will nnounce the Cast on an early date Basket Kali Friday. The High School boys basket ball jam will play Hartsville tomorrow Friday) afternoon at 4 o'clock on the :hool grounds. The public is invitd to come out and see a good game o admission, charge will be made. THEY ARE WEARING Earrings even with sports clothes, o c ? Although jet hoops and long eatings are the most popular form, a id is starting for crystol earrings. * Women are winding their neckhains around their wrists these ights. Tiny combs in bright colored stones re worn in the coiffure, the largte panish comb being less often seen. Many of the eyening clothes are uite high in the neck but open in the -l-ll! -I . 1 ..nt/.. tkn aisuiue lionn uiu icmci ui itic i ack, exposing a metal cloth underodice. A lovely dinner gown of pale orchid hiffon was worn with satin slippers nd stockings to match and had no dimming excepting five tailot png, closely draped lines and had no leeves, a rounded neckline rather igh and its long skirt was unevenly raped. Satin hats in black and tete de egre are appearing and one see? an jcasional straw hat. * * * Short civet cat coats have become ery numerous; lor that matter lanv short far coats are worn just ow. * tr * Skaters noted in the park and ad-' icent to New York did not show anj larked preference for knickerbockers very pond had a few knieker clad ose three-quarter sleeves, ?vas st:rij t luncheon at the Plaza. The lon? j kirt was wrapped at one s'de and nisbed at the bottom in a wide band f the knots, which slnn'ed toward ie waist. Bright Bulgarian color | ere used at the sash. WANNAMAKER'S WEEKLY LETTER ? Saturday, Jan. ..1, 1922. Editor Cheraw Chronicle, Cheraw, S. C. Dear Sir: Permit me, please, to give expression to some of mly observations made during the past two weeks in the Legislature. The General Assembly is busy. Many of the committees are meeting morning and afternoon. Immediately after breakfast It is a committee meeting lasting until 11 A. M., then the house convenes and works until htween two or three o'clock, then dinner and back to a committee meeting at four P. M. which sometimes lasts until well after dark, then a rush for supper and back to the House for the night session which in some instances t lasts until after midnight Yesterday when we adjourned for the week I think every member of the House was tired, very tired. If one wants to feel the pulse of the people of South Carolina, it can be done by mingling with the members of the General Assembly, and inde the pulse is; beating fast. We ape radical I'll admit, but reform sometimes requires violent changes made nnlrldv ' The House has already passed and | sent to the Senate the 'Inheritance tax bill, the income tax bill, the gasoline tax bill, and a tax on moving {picture films; and the House will pass within the next few days, increased taxes on domestic and foreign corporations, luxury ttaxes, and a tax on pro- '/ ducer3 of hydro-electric power. I Sfl I I have it from the wings of a very . i responsible rumor that our Ways and I Means Committee is about a cut an I expenditure of one million dollars in the appropriation bill which tbey are preparing. The members of the House i wish to apply the principle of rigid economy. All kinds of .measures have been introduced as usual in the House, same ranging from one to allow a steeple-jack to climb the State House to very serious measures concerning the distribution of property amon heirs when people die intestate. And former members of the General Assera biy from this County know that everything has to be watched for something will get through affecting our interests adversely, even if it is a change in the shad law keeping the shad from coming up the river or something more serious to th(B whole County. It may be of Interest to peoole of our County that State Senator George I aney is being talked of very much in the lower House as well as in the Senate as a very powerful candidate for Governor. Member after member of the lower House have been to the writer and stated that they wanted Senator Lauey for our next Governor. From conversations with members from counties whoso dependance Is ~1 -1-1.. ? T ka?!4 cllUlUSl nuieiy UU lUUllUIO, A uaru gathered that oth?r counties in the State are in far worse condition than is our County. Many counties are of in production of cotton three or four times what our county is, and undoubtedly conditions are distressing. Chesterfield's hope is surely in the number of small home-owning farmers. Killing bills seems to be, a pleasant oastime for the majority of the House, and I do not anticipate much Important legislation except that affecting the change in the sources of revenue and rigid economy in appropriating money. This necessarily implies a reorginnzation of some of the State's methods of conducting her more than half a hundred duties. Yours truly. L. C. WAN'S AM AKER. o Steam boats Arrive at Cheraw From Fee Dee Advocate, Jan. 12th. Cheraw, Jan. 2.?Arrived yesterday the Stea'uVboat Commerce, after a passage of forty days, from Philadelphia. The arrival of the Com ... merce 13 greeted witn tne most iiv^ lv joy by the citizens of Cheraw, the more especially on account of her lone passage, during the latter part of which she was believed Uy many to have been lo's. Soon after the safe arrival of the Commerce the steam boat Pee Dee hove in sight, with a tow boat full freighted with merchandise for different houses in Cheraw.?News and Courier. EDITOR NOTE?Brother Freetman evidently got hold of a bit of news that happened forty years ago. or perhaps the article refers to our aeroplane mail which was forty minute* overdue last week. We are too fast over here now for steamboats. ' a pT-1 a