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VOLUME VII. CIIEUAW. SOUTII-CAROLINA TUESDAY, MAY31, 1842. NUMBER 29
Py yi. MAC LE1A.
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From the Farmers' Regis er.
TIIEFARM AND FARMING OF THE REV. J.
II. TURNER NO III.
In the last number I promised to detail
in this my course of cropping. Hut I
must beg for quarters a little longer,
whilst I take another sight excursion on
my favorite pony, economy. And at the
? alight on my favorite ponv, economy,
the reader w ill proclaim, 44 Monsieur Ton- j
son come again !'4 But with the risk of,
this, I must say that a well regulated
economy is cne chief branch of agriculture,
so much so that no treatise on the latter
can be considered as any way complete,
without an important hearing on the former.
I would then state, that in the several
purchases of my land, negroes, stock and
other tilings connected with the fixtures
of the farm, { made it a rule to carry out
the principles of Jack Randolph's philosopher's
stone?pay as you go." To this
rule, I rigidly adhered, until I conceived
the idea of building the house in w hich I
now reside. Up to this time, Iliad boarded
and lodged in town, hut I spent every
day at the farm. By this time, i had be- 1
come so interested in the farm, in its 1
improvements, crops, stock, Arc., that to 1
spend the whole day there'did not satis- (
fy me. I wished also to spend the night
there, and to have my family with me. 1
The air, the water, the scenery, and the \
whole routine of employment were so 1
much more congenial to my taste, than
those of tho town, that I longed to have 1
I
my family at the farm, that we might
fully enjoy our country employments. {
tl:. I I.-. i> -- i ' l
j ins iimiic u uuuse iii-i:n*s;irv. uui norc
was the difficulty: I had hy this time so
exhausted my little fund, in purchases
and various improvements, that I had almost
none left for the proposed building, j
In this state of things, I had concluded to
postpone the comfort of a house, until Ij
could command the means to build one.
But a kind friend, learning mv wishes in this
matter, generously offiued to furnish
the necessary funds. Build, said he, .
such a house as you choose, and draw on j
me for the cost, and pay me when conve- !
nient to yourself." Now here was a kind
offer, which almost any one would have i
felt himself warranted in accepting. I
did accept it, but in doing so, 1 involved
myself in several particulars.
Hitherto I had dug all mv morev from :
O . I
the ground, and every dollar came to inc \
moistened with the sweat of mv face, j
But now money came to me in large j
sums, and it came so very ea*y. that I was j
tempted to build a much larger and a j
much more expensive house than a plain
fanner's family, such as mine was, had
any need of. [ invested therefore in a
house a considerable sum, which it would j
have been far more to my interest to lay
out in enriching my lands, and in other
more profitable improvements. I now
have a comfortable home, it is true, but I
have it at the expense of a considerable i
unproductive capital, and this is by no j
moans a comfortable reflection. In the
moan time, after the bargain was concluded,
and such progress made that it would
not do to abandon the undertaking, my.
friend died and I was left to rnuke such j
other provision as 1 could.
Nor is this the only evil growing out of
this mistake. I constantly felt myself
fettered and humpcrcd in all my operations.
A debt to a considerable amount
had been contracted, and during its pendency,
1 felt it my duty, not to suspend
payment as the banks have don^, hut to
suspend oil the improvements, and indeed
all other expenses, which were not absosolutely
necessary. But I record the fact
with gratitude, that this harrassing debt
is now paid ofl', and that I 44 owe no man
any thing but to love him." Hereafter it j
j* my potpnse to cling to lloanoke's phi- ;
losopher s stone, with a tenacity which
nothing hut death ran sever.
Perhaps I ought to apologize for this
If long and minute detail. 1 can truly sh v
that, in making it. I have no selfish end ;
in view. I hold myself up, in this pro. >
ininent manner, as a beacon of warning |
toother farmcts* Debt is at all times
an exceedingly inconvenient thing. It \
is a very easy thing for one who has credit
to contract a debt, but it is exceedingly
difficult to pay it. A countryman time
ago in Richmond asked a citizen, who '
happened to be deeply involved at bank, ]
and felt all the pain and inconvenience'
of his situation, ' Sir, you have the goodness
to show me I lie way into the hank?'
Pointing out the way with hi* linger, lie f
! replied 44 That is the way, sir; hut I can j
j tell you, friend, it is much easier to find
! the way in than to find the way on/."
, This good citizen was an honest but un?
1 fortunate man, and as such, spoke feeling. ;
J ly on the subject. I too can speak feel,
ingly; for 1 can truly say, that in all the j
debts I ever contracted, I found money '
plenty and cheap; but when I undertook J
to pay them off, I found it scarce and j
difficult to obtain: "paying a debt is always
up-hill work; it is a hard row to
wt ed, try it who will.
I will now go further and say that, as a 1
general rule, no farmer ought ever to letter
himself with debt. No man has a !
right to make a slave of himscif, and this j
every man does who contracts an unnecessary
debt. Hence it is that the present
is a time of peculiar distress. Go
where I may, I meet with long faces,
and hear complaints of hard times. And
who is it that is in such distress? It is j
the debtor, and the debtor alone. Where
there is no debt to weigh him down the
farmer is in comfortable circumstances.
IIis crops for several years in succession
have been good, and the prices obtained ;
remunerating. Merchants tell me, that
such is the nature of their business (hat
they cannot avoid debt. It may be so; j
but then they, in common with others, j
cannot avoid another thing, the thousand
vexatious shifts and contrivances, called
" raising the wind" to which they constantly
resort to pay them off. * * *
At the heffinnin? of this paper, I begged
O O ? w*.- I
for quarters whilst I took a excursion on*,
my favorite pony, economy; but the jat'.e
lias proved herself of much better wind
and bottom than I had any idea of. She
even ran away with me. I have now
come fairly to the end of my course;
whether with safe bone9 remains yet to
he seen. And now for the matter in
hand.
In my course of cropping I aim at no'
wheat nor tobacco. My farm is too small .
for the former, and the latter I consider J
too troublesome to be remunerating. In
attempting these crops I should moreover
meet with competition from all the farmers
within fifty miles or more of my market.
In determining on a main crop,
therefore, it has been an object with me, ,
to fix on that one in which I could most
nearly enjoy a monopoly. And as hay ,
is a bulky article, compared with its
weight and price, so much so that it will
not bear transportation to any considerable
distance, I have made that my chief |
;rop. All my farming operations are |
therefore subservient to the cultivation of ,
the grass crop.
In looking back to the time when I
commenced farming, I think it a little rernarkablo
that, without any previous ex
perience to guide me, I should fix on the
l l r.._ r. r,
V?*ry crop wnicn, upon iri.u iui Iiua-u
years, I am stili convinced was the very
best fur me to cultivate. I had observed
that h?it little hay was brought to market
from the neighborhood, and that most of
ihat little was of very inferior quality.
Mr. Porter and others, who were then in
the habit of keeping larger nnmhers of
horses for the stage ^nd other purposes,
depended almost entirely upon the north
for their supplies of hay. This was a
matter of necessity with them, for the
country supplied perhaps not one twentieth
part of what was needed. Observing
this, I concluded that if I could succeed
in raising hay of a good quality, I should
have no difficulty in finding a market for
it. Nor in this have I been disappointed.
1 have never in anv instance failed in disposing
< f my whole crop, and generally
at fair remunerating prices. Rven at
this time, when every body is complaining
of the scarcity of money, hav commands
a more ready and a better price than almost
any other article.
Some of my neighbors have expressed
to me the apprehension that the market
would soon he overstocked with this article,
and that therefore the price must go
down. I entertain nosuch apprehension.
The first effect ar sin? from the increased
quantity at home will be to arrest the im- 1
portation from abroad. At present there |
is still coining a considerable quantity]
from the north. As long as this is the
case, I have no fear that good hay will he
a drug upon my hands. Indeed, I am
pleased to see that vigorous efforts are
now making greatly to increase this crop;
and I hope the time is just at hand, when
in addition to our neighborhood supplies, j
we shall see large quantities borne to i
market on our canal and rail-road. It is
quite time that Virginia should assert her j
own proper independence. She has |
been dependent long enough, and far too
long, upon the north for her hay, and
upon the west for her pork.
But the maine point remains yet to be !
touched: what is the value of this crop? !
[ answer, that I know no crop which '
nnon iho whole reonires less labor, is more i
certain, and at the same time yields a fairer
compensation. The chinch hug and
Hessian fly, which prey upon our corn
and wheat, never touch this crop; nor is !
it subject to the depredations of any other
destructive insect. Give it rich land,
well prepared, and a moderate degree
of moisture, and this i.<j all that it asks. ;
If, therefore,it he subject to fewer casualties,
and when produced commands a fair '
and ready market, [ must pronounce it a I
good crop. Hut besides these recommendations,
there is another, which in
inv opinion greatly enhanced its \a!u*.1
| and that is that I regard it as less exhaus- |
ting than most of our other crops. I J
pretend not that this, in common with nil
other crops that are removed from the ^
land, is not an exhauster; but then it ought
to be recollected, that other crops, such
as corn, wheat, oats, dec., when removed i
make no effort to recruit themselves, y
They leave the land, with the exception hi
of a litttle stubble, entirely naked. This jr
is not the case with the grasses; for be- ' [J
sides the stubble, they begin immediately
to renew themselves, and continue doing ^
so until arrested by severe frosts; so that ^
the aftermath, especially in clover, is of- g
ten equal to the first crop. This second ^
crop falling, as it does, and rotting on the
. II i. I
ground, must contribute materially 10- /
wards repairing the exhaustion of the J
first crop. And this, in my opinion, is to
the true reason why grass exhaustless less
than other crops. In this view of the m
subject, I am greatly strengthened by al
Liebig, and other celebrated writers on ar
the subject of agriculture. They say,
and I think with much plausibility, that m
the very best manure for any particular
secies of vegetation is that which is de- ^r
rived from itself. Lew*, for instance, ^
s the best manure for forest trees, and j m
xltAni clrnui (n, nrntvinrr ivlion I. IP ihtH 1
iiCrti on (I n i v/i ki u?r in- * iv/m .
O O r
he the case, then the second grass crop, 01
containing as it does the materials of the wi
first, must be a valuable manure for itself; t,(
nnd this. I think, is a strong argument
for banishing cattle and all other depredators
from our fields. But more of this 811
hereafter. a'
fu
As to my mode of cultivating grass, [t
and the peculiar grasses which I prefer. ?e
there appeared in the last (February)
number of the Farmers' Register, an essay
on grass culture, which, were it not as
not that it contains signs of evident haste, nc
I should be disposed to adopt as my own. jj.
Indeed I will refer to it, as unfolding pret- ejj
tv fully my views and preferences on the [g
subject. I think it therefore unnecessary e(|
to add another word on this point. wj
But besides grass, which I regard as *?
my main crop, I also cultivate corn and *
eats, and of late I have earned my attention
considerably to the beet and turnip
crops. All these, however, are principal. P?
ly for home consumption. If I have any an
surplus, that of course goes with th? g.aM rni
to market. There is one exception to m.
the latter iemark, and that is the corn. se
I never sell, directly, an car of corn; for ?.c
by it, I support another crop, which, til! n
better advised, I must think a profitable "1
one: I mean my hog crop. And hore, a/1
without entering into the minutia of detail,
I will merely state that according to Pr,
the best estimate I can form, the matter mi
stands thus?when corn sells at GO cents or
the bushel, and pork at $0 the 100 lbs.
(which I consider as a fair average for 1
both,) by turning the former into the lat- ?
ter, 1 get 90 cents the bushel for my corn. '
Of course when corn is dearer, or pork
is cheaper, my profits are proportionally .
less. But at the usual average price, '
I consider mvsclf as getting 50 per cent. . 1
more for my corn. I ought also to state, ,n
that in arriving at this result, I have to he ar
studiously attentive to other circumstan- '
cos, such as a thrifty breed of hogs, the ?
care that is taken of them, and the constant
economy of their feeding. Now ot
when any faimer can make up his mind Jj'
to he versonally; attentive to these things
I hesitate not to say that he will find hi* Ul
hog crop yielding him a fair profit. It is
true that the last season was a peculiarly
discouraging one. I never knew pork so "
cheap, and the probability is that it will
be many years before it is as cheap again. .
It is to be feared that many farmers who .
had engaged in rnising pork will he indu. .n
ced to ab indon it. This, let me tell them, ,t!
is the direct mode to raise the article
so that when they are compelled to buy J?
they will have to pay heavily for it. For
my own part, I am not at all discouraged. ^
I have just effected the spring sale of my r
shonts and pigs, and the profit has heen
nearly or quite equal to any former occas- ?
ion. For a fine young Berkshire boar,
just eight months old, I received $53.
P<
Rut I am again trespassing on the rea- it:
der's patience. I must, however, before fe
concluding, observe that my usual rotation is
(if I have any at all) is two consecutive v<
years in corn, this followed with oats, to
and the three next years in grass. This rc
of course takes up six years, and then M
commences the same routine again. I 01
have no doubt that, at first sight, strong ol
objections will be made to this course, es- ei
peeiallv as three grain crops are made ?
immediately to succeed each other. But hi
I beg the reader to suspend his condem- a)
nation, until I inform him that I have a|
another rotation, and that is a rotation of
manuring, and this I consider of mnreim* ^
portance than any rotation of cropping
whatever. On this hacknied subject of
rotation I have a theory which is perhaps w
peculiar to myself, and which, when an. c<
nounced, will probably call forth the ani- ^
madversions of some who are wedded to
their own favorite opinions. But fearless tl
of this formidable consequence, I hereby
inform the reader, that I shall still proceed tl
in my own candid way, assuring him, d
- II r - . ?? -I Rllt AQ mv /?
lliftl n. 11 I ttlllf f}? I "> tito - J | ,,
paper is already a long one, and I have i ^
an increasingly strong objection to long [
communications as well as long speeches, ! p(
I will defer till my next what [ have furth- j j
er to say on this subject. J. H. Tubnke. j S]
SPEECH OF MR. CAMPBELL,
OF SOUTH CAROLINA,
)n the General Appropriation Bill, delivered
in the House of Representatives
A :i i rl i a 4 o
JTLjJIU 1U, 191v.
i The House being in Commilfee of the
/hole on th* state of the Union, and
aving under consideration the followig
item of the General Appropriation
ill, ?iz.
"No. 218. For salaries of the Minis.
,T8 of the United States to Great Briin,
France, Russia, Prussia, Austria,
pain, Mexico, and Brazil, seventy.two
icusnnd dollars."
9
From which Mr. Linn, of New York, j
id moved to strike out so much as related
the mission to Mexico;
And which Mr. C. J. Ingersoll had
oved to amend by reducing the sums of
ipropriation for the missions to Austria
id Prussia one-half.
Mr. Adams having concluded his rearks,
(as heretofore reported)?
Mr. Campbell, of South Carolina, adessed
the Committee, in substance, as
llows: There are parts of the gentle
an's speech who has just resumed his
at in which I concur, and there are parts
it which I condemn as connected both
ith our foreign and domestic rela>ns.
I cordially concur in the sentiment
liich he has expressed with so much
icerity, that "our country, mav she
ways be successful, but whether successI
or not, may she always be right!"
is a noble sentiment, worthy of the
ntleman.
I also concur with him in the hope that
e blessings of peace may he preserved
long as they can be with honor. And,
twithstanding the number and complexJ
of our points of controversy with for^n
Powers, especially with England,
tee no good reason to doubt, if approachI
on both sides with a proper spirit and :
ith a full view of the great importance
both nations of preserving their present
nicable relations, that they will be satactorily
settled.
I have not, however, risen for the purse
of discussing our foreign relations;
id had the gentleman confined his re
arks to them, I would have retaiwd j
v seat. iSut ne nas thought proper to
ize on this, as he has on many other
casions, to attack both the Representa- 1
res and what he is pleased to designate
the peculiar institutions" of the South ;
id to some of these attacks, although
ey have no reference whatever to the
opositions ostensibly before the comittee,
it is my intention, unless called to
der for irrelevancy, to reply at length.
On a proposition to strike out of the
meral Appropriation bill the salary of
r Minister to Mexico, and to reduce
ose for Austria and Prussia one.half,
e gentleman has managed, as usual, to
isplacc many of the common place top.
s of abolition. He has charged the
representatives of the South with deny,
g to Northern and Western gentlemen ;
i equality in the privilege of debate ; he !
is designated ono of her institutions as a
ague-spot, a misfortune, a crime; and
5 has stated his principal objection to
ir Minister at Mexico to be that he had
omoted the passage of 44 that execrable
1st rule that is driving this Union to its
s9olution."
The gentleman does not properly np.
cciate the deep and abiding attachment
the People of this country to the
nion, if he supposes it is to be dissolved
?cause, forsootb, the abolitionists are not
lowed to convert this hall of legislation
ito an arena for incendiarism to plav off
5 antics. No, sir, the attachment of
le people to this monument of our politi.
il wisdom and glory commenced with
le birth, has grown and strengthened
ith the growth and strength of the counV,
and will continue so to grow and
rengthen, in despite of the combined
Torts, here and elsewhere, of domestic
matics and foreign emissaries.
From what quarter of the Union was a
3tition first presented to this House for
s dissolution ? Not from the section
rmerly represented by our present ."Winter
to Mexico, or by any gentleman who
ited for the 2ist rule; but, I am sorry
i say, from the section of the country
ipresentcd in part by the gentleman from
[assachusetts himself! Who was found
i this floor to be the standard bearer
f this nefarious petition ? Not our pres.
it Minister to Mexico, or any lieprcmtativc
from the slaveholding States,
it every eye is turned to the gentleman,
ad every voice is prepared to say, "thou
rt the man." Yes, he who once minissred
as the high-priest at its alter was
le first to violate its sanctity I
Monstrous however, as this petition
as, it only prayed for the peaceful acmnplishment
of an object to which hunreds
of petitions attempted to be intrued
upon the House indirectly tend,
irough scenes of contention and blood.
Many things, evil in themselves, nre.
irough the wise dispensations of Provionfo
mo/lrt nrnrlnplivn nl frnr?fl npvpr
" ? I"* K
ontemplated hy their authors, and such
tust he the effect of the petition to which
have alluded. For, although it has nf.
jrded humiliating evidence of the joint
ifluence of folly, fanaticism, and pasion,
its presentation here mu.t tonvir.ee
I the People of the whole Union of th<
i dangerous and criminal extent to whicl
i the protended right of petition may he
i ce.r ied.
I cannot be induced to attempt a per
sonal disrespect for tlie gentleman.?
| When I consider his venerable age anci
i the services which he has rendered to the
| country, I cannot fur a moment believe,
notwithstanding the presentation of that
petition, that he is an enemy to the
Union. But the very fact that a gentle,
man whose biography for half a century
would emhrnre almost the entire DoIitic.il
I
history of the couutry, could be induced
fiom motives of conscience to present
such a petition, is only additional evidence
of the necessity of the existence of
| a rule still more comprehensive than any
I which we have yet established for the
I exclusion of subjects, at the bottom of
which lies not the abolition of slavery but
the dissolution of the Union.
To show the light in which the conduct
of the gentleman has !>een held by
the Legislature of at least one patriotic
non-slaveholding State, I will read the
resolutions adopted by the State of Ohio.
They are as follows :
Whereas it has been communicated
to this General Assembly that John
Quincy Adams, late Chief Magistrate of
this Union, and now a Representative
in Congress from the State of Massachusetts,
has presented to the House of
Representatives of the United States a
petition from American citizens, praying
that Congress may dissolve this Confederacy.
Therefore be it
o Resolved by the General Assembly <>J
the State of Ohio, That John Quincy
Adams, of Massachusetts, in aiding to
give publicity and importance to this
treasonable proposition, has subjected
himself to the merited censure and reprehension
of his countrvmen.
?* Resolved, That, in the opinion of
this General Assembly, the House of
Representatives of the United States owe
it to themselves, to the American People,
whose representatives they nre, to stamp
the course and conduct of the membei
from Massachusetts with the severest
marks of its indignant disapprobation and
censure."
fn rnnillnrr thnsr resolutions nermit ITU
. VMM ...Q |
to express the regret which I feel thai
the nainc of the venerable gentlemar
from Massachusetts is included in them,
[ regret that such a name must l?ear
through all future time the unenviable
?
reputation of having been the first to
present a petition for the dissolution of
the Union. But although the first, he is
not the last. It is a misfortune that even
had examples set by gentlemen of reputation
will have humble imitators, and a
gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Giddings)
who has recently returned to his constituents
under the censure of this House
for certain resolutions which he afterj
wards presented in the Ocole case, soon
i followed his example. This gentleman
will be, I suppose, returned to us from
I his particular district, which, from all
I accounts, is as wrong in politics as he if
! himself; but I doubt not that the resolu
tions I have read are approved by a largf
portion of bis State, and that his conduct
will he regarded with the same disappro.
hation there that it has been on ihif
fioor.
One other benefit ipust be ohtainec
from these petitions, not contemplate!
i by their authors or by the gentlemen whe
| presented them.
The vote on the reception of the pctii
tion offered by the gentleman from Mas
[ sachusctts (Mr. Adams) stood ayes 40
' nays 166. Thus we made up a rocort
showing, by 1GG to 40 votes, that the
pretended right of petition which ha<
been so much contested is a mere hum
i hug, used only for party purposes. When
I were the tender consciences, the consti.
I tutional scruples of gentlemen, whei
i they were called on to say ay or no or
! the reception of this petition? Thei
; had no more right to refuse to receive ii
i than they have to refuse to receive anj
other, the agitation of which would Ix
; productive of discord and dangerous t<
! the Union, or over which Congress car
.
i exercise no rightful jurisdiction. Oi
the vote on the reception of the pctitioi
; of a similar character offered by th<
I gentleman from Ohio, (Mr. Giddings,
! the affirmative vote was only 25.
1 hope that gentlemen from the non
slavcholding States who 'nave stood uj
r L 1
here in defence of the Constitution, am
; have resisted the agitation of abolitionisn
on this floor, will not forgot these votes
hy which the 21st rule has in cflect beei
, declared constitutional hy a largo rnajnri
I tv of both parties from every part of th<
; Union.
But this is not all. At the late oxtn
session a rule was forced upon the Hous<
<* ' ?k.
I bv the votes 01 a largn moju.iijr ? i
Whig party from the non-slavehoHinj
I States, declaring that no petitions what
ever, except upon subjects referred to ii
i the President's Message and on the sub
' ject of bankruptcy, should be considers
5 during that session. This was going fir,
1 very far beyond the 21st rule. If we
J have a right to pass such a res du'io i foone
session we have the same right for
another, and may make it applicable ei*
ther to one session or to a whole Con.
' gross. I did not vote for this rule of the
J extra session, but the gentleman from
? Vermont [Mr. Siade] and most of the
- other al?olitionists on this floor did. I
; have never objected to the consideration
of a petition over which I thought we
had jurisdiction for an entire session of
' Congress, hut most of the abolitionists on
this floor have.
Is it not evident from the statements 1
have made that the real ground of torn
plaint is, not that the constitutional right
of petition has been violated, hut that we,
by the 21st rule, have endeavored to,
prevent this House from being conv^rtui
info an auxiliary abolition society!
1 will here read an extract from an editorial
in the Globe newspaper, and I will
leave it to gentlemen to sav with how
much truth the picture is drawn :
"The people of the South, where five
millions of white men exist, are irriutw^
and inflamed by a course of abtise^ lyings
and insult, if paralleled certainly not exceeded,
in the history of the press; and,
on the other hand, the people of the
North are alarmed by assertions th it the
people of the South?the weakest section
of the Union, but numerically twice
as strong as our fathers, in our Revolution,
for the purposes of defence?a-e
plotting to enforce on them the in* Ration
of African slavery. If Congress
passes a law that incendiary writing*,
calculated to wake up insurrection
1 amongst the slaves of the South, shall
1 not he scattered throughout the South liy
the United States mail, it is an outrage
on the North. If the Southern State*
prohibit incendiaries from preaching insurrection
to their slaves, it is a violation
of the liberty of speech to Northern
! citizens. If they forbid the printing or
circulation of writings and papery cataiv,
1 lated to produce the same end
their own limits, and amongst their own
people, the liberty of the press is invaded
I to the Northern people. If they protect
against the passage ot laws liy the ?V?rth?
?rn States by which the law of Congress,
t passed in pursuance of the Constitution,
i is nullified, and their fugitive slaves are
, taken from them, it is asserted that they
wish to take froin the Northern people
the rights of habeas corpus ami trial hy
i jury. Thus the different sections of the
Union nre instigated to hate each ot er.
In the mean time, stealthily and onutfoi^
ly they approach their object?a dissolution
of t^e Union. At first, the Declarttion
of Independence, not the Const i to,
i tion, is relied on to support their dogmas.
Then, if the constitution protects ap<|
authorizes slavery, it is anti-Christian,
, and the laws of (Jod are to he obeyed toi
fore those of men. Then, as an alternn.
i five between A! Qlitionisls and the Un on,
i '* let the Union go." At length einbob
I dened hy proselytes and encouraged hy
< timid or unprincipled pehticians, they
. take a political position, and openly de!
clare their object and unfurl the banner
t of a dissolution of the Union."
The gentleman has pronounced sfavory
Mo he a plague-spot, n sin, a misfortune^
Sir, it will he a day of wo to the Souths-,
I it will he a time of lamentation to the
I slaves?when the gentleman succeeds ?n
> producing the impression that it is sinful
to hold one. Men of tender consciences,
of virtue and of piety, will then rid them.
selves of this description ef property, and
i the poor slave will be loft to toil and
I bleed and sweat under the lash of merci
1 less, unconscientious, and avaricious
? masters. In the name of I u nanity I
* declare that it would be cruel iatlic gen.
> tlcman to produce this impression at the
South, if it was in his power ta do so.
> We are not sent here to discuss que*,
i 'ions of morality and religion ; hut, hay..
? ing noticed the remarks of the gentleman
t on this subject, I will take occasion tu
i express my unqualified disapprobation of
i adm ssions that 1 have heard made even
* hy Southern gentlemen on this floor; that
i slavery is a great moral and political evi|,t
i which has weighed and is weighing hho
i an incubus on the South. This is an ade
mission, or rather assertion, which w?
) Representative of the South is authorized
to make.
I admit that slavery, like all other hu.
"> man institutions, has its evils; Imt [
I deny that the South 1ms languished uni
dcr its influence, or that her progress, oi?
ther morally or politically, has been re1
Carded by its existence among us.
It is true, as a general reoiark, that
3 population has advanced less in the
slavcholding than in the non-staYchoIding
* States; hut, if you understand the gco2
graphv of the country, its soil and cli3
mate, vou will find no difficulty in tracing
? *1-: '.*o nrAnor rflllAA Thf? slnvphnbl.
m 11113 1?# HO f/>V| V.
- ing States, with few exceptions, 9trctch
a along on the shores of tj^ Chesapeake,
the Atlantic ocean, and the Gulf of
J Mexico, embracing the peninsula of Hon.