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VOLUME VII CHRRAW. SOUTH-CAROLINA. WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1841. NUM3ER. I
* *' * * , , ^ '' j
By M. MAC LEA*. |
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? ==-:
From Temperance Advocate.
BEWBERRY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
Report on Cotton No. 2.
Mr. President: I beg leave to submit
the following remarks, upon the subject
of planting, cultivating, and gathering
Cotton, as the result of my observation
and experience.
# Before planting, the land should be
w^ll bedded up, with such ploughs, (Twis- (
ters I prefer,) as will make a high, round
bed, three feet from centie to centre, on
a shallow middle furrow. Breaking up ,
before bedding, is, in my opinion, seldom '
done with propriety, unless done very (
early, as it will generally leave too great
a depth of loose earth in the centre of the
bed, to ensure the plant's growing off '
well, when young. The furrows which
make the bed, should be something like
two inches deeper than the one which
Iay9 off the land, to prevent a collection
of water, under the root of the plants, ,
which might cause the Cotton to die, during
the wet weather in May, should there
beany. The land which is expected to
be foulest might he bedded last, and planted
first.
The distance suggested between rows,
might not suit all lands, but it is believed,
* *- 1 a! _?i '
II would sun more land, man any umei /
distance. I am of opinion, however, that
more and better Cotton, could be produced
from an acre, on mast of the gray
land, in this District, by having the rows
even neaier together than suggested; for
I believe it is generally conceded, that
one stalk, when alone, will yield more
and better Cotton, thin any other numt?er,
standing at the same point; and if,
they interfere so materially with the pro- I
duct of each other, when together, I think
it is clear that the more space they can
have be'tween them the better crop we
may expect, provided the distance is not :
too great to prevent the branches from
covering the whole ground, when matur^
O f
ed. It is, therefore, my opinion, that
whatever number of stalks might be best f
to have, on a particular acre of land, that
^ the distance between rows, should be se j
arranged, that in thinning the Cotton,
there should be nearly, or quite the same
distance left between stalks to produce
that number.
The planting might commence at any
time, from the 30th of March to the 10th *
of April, according to the season. This
is done by opening the bed, with a small
plough, directly in the first furrow, which,
if that furrow was very shallow, should go j
noaflw ihf? samp Hf-nth. Thn sped is i .
next well scattered in that furrow, put. .
ting in from two to five bushels to the a- (
ere, according to the land, the time of
planting, and the certainty with which j
they will vegetate. In covering, I prefer t
a hoard five or six inches wide, and two ^
feet six inches, long, fastened on the foot (
of the plough stock, with the heel bolt ^
through a hole near the upper edge, the
lower edge being bellowed from end to (
end, with an axe or drawing-knife, th ;t
it may touch the round bed, from one end
of the board to the other. This is drawn
by a horse, and should be held on with
some pressure, by the hand that coverparticularly
if rain hasfallen after bedding.
thereby destroying the young grass, ;
should there he any. This may be done (
at any time, from the sowing the seed,
? i "
until they are generally sprouted. (
If I use manure, when I expect much
difficulty from grass, the first two workings,
I put the manure in before bedding,
and bed on it, otherwise, I prefer that the (
manure, (if well pulverised,) should be
put on top of the seed in planting, as it
thus comes more directly in contact with
the fibrous roots of the plant; which I ,
think, brings, the mosi nutriment to the
support ot tin* stalk. And when we expect
little or no grass, there be no necessity
in chopping through, during the first
workings, to cut deep enough to take away
the manure, which might not be the
case on very foul land.
I prefer that the seed should be placed
on, or near the unbroken earth, (provided
there is no manure under them,) that so
aoon as they are up, the root will have
reached the unbrokpn earth, and the stalk
in lengthening, will immediately grow
upwards, and be thereby rendered more
convenient to cultivate, particularly with
the plough. While on the other hand, if
the roots have a deep hed of loose earth
under them, where the seed come up although
the stalk may be lengthened at the
same rate, vet while the root is running
down, in search of solid earth, the top
will remain almost stationary. A circurn- C
tance which frequently attends Cotton, c
on stnbbie land, broke up late and then 1
bedded up; or Cotton after Cotton on high si
beds reversed, with the additional objection,
that it generally does worse than o
Cotton after Cotton, when the beds are
simply reversed, with a shallow middle tl
middle furrow, and the seed placed near f<
the unbroken eaith. h
The working of the crop may com- tl
mence, so soon as there is "a stand" of
Cotton.?This may he done by running tl
two furrows in each middle, as near the h
Cotton as can be done, without destroying h
the stand, that all which is not in a straight e
line, inay he destroyed, and as small a a
ridge left for the hoes to work, as possible.* t<
For this I prefer twisted shovels, if there
be much grass, running with the straight n
side to the Cotton, and thus covering up c
the ^holor be followed by h
other ploughs, so soon as the covered grass fi
will have had time to die, throwing the o
dirt the other way. [if one large furrow c
will not fill both the first;) this serves as si
a support to the stalks, and prevents their
falling as the hoes chop through, espcei- k
ally ifthey row he foul, otherwise it might tl
be dispensed with, until the first hoeing, d
The hoes go on before, or immediately T
after the second ploughs, destroying all c
vegetation, except two or three stalks of c
Cotton, with from twelve to twenty in- o
ches between, (according to the land) diminishing
the number of stalks, as they c
approach the end of the first working of re
the crop, or as the season advances.
Succeeding workings should be given, ac- c
cording to circumstances, having regard rr
always to keeping the land clear of weeJs k
and grass, the beds as high as at the tl
commencement, the stalks left standing b
straight, and fresh earth, about them to 1
encourage their growth. I think the
crop may he benefitted, by having the
loeings done at intermediate periods be- 1
:ween the ploughings, that is, the ploughngs
are three weeks apart, let there be rf
en or twelve days between the ploughing
and hoeing. The Cotton will thus have 'I
:resh earth more frequently about it. The
aumber of workings must depend upon T
circumstances, as two workings, [that is,
doughings and hoeings. will as nearly
io justice to a crop, under some circum- 1
tances, as four will under others.
The last working may terminate,
vhenever it is probable there will be no
nore grass or weeds to interfere, either tl
vith the growth or gathering of the crop. a<
The thinning should be completed at B
he second hoeinc. as the Cotton branch- 'i
:s earlier and better, than if postponed to t\
i later period. rr
From the middle of July, to the 10th of C
August, the Cotton should be topped, a
some say earlier.) to ensure a full crop,
hough it would be better to top later, n
han to omit it entirelv. The loss taken tc
)fF in topping, the better. This labor
vlll frequently pay the planter, two or t(
hree dollars per day, for the time his ir
lands are employed at it, when Cotton d
irings 121-2 cents per ib. si
The simple process of picking out, needs si
io remark. But it is the interest and ui
Juty of every planter, to pursue that plan, pi
n gathering his Cotton crop, which will t)
:ome nearest saving it all, in good order,
ixpose the hands least to the severities in
if winter, and loave the most time for hi
nanuring, and otherwise getting his plan- st
ation in order, for the next crop. And a tr
ittle reflection will show, that (he same w
lands will gather more, and better Cotton si
n one day, in September and October, er
han they will in two or three, when the pi
;round is frozen, the winds high, and the n<
Cotton leaves dry as snuff. No business,' hi
herefore, that could he avoided, should si
ie permitted to interfere,with the picking
>ut of the Cotton crop, that will prevent t<
he hands from gathering as fast, or ci
nearly so, as it opens. By this means,
:he difficulty of separating the white, from th
the stained Cotton, (which every planter hi
should do,) will he removed. I think tr
B20 to $50. according to the number of la
hands, if laid out for such little notions u
as the hands would like to possess, and nr
placed in suitable parcels, to be awarded t<
to the party giving evidence of having u
used the greatest industry, at the end of h
sverv week, and the hands divided into 5
two parcels, as equal as practicable, would g
soon be repaid by their increased labor, p
md at the same time tend greatly to in- si
sure the accomplishment of the above ti
abject. ?
As my experience has been mostly, T
with Gray or Post Oak land, these re- t<
marks are intended to be applicable to | c
the cultivation of that kind of land. But o
it is believed, that with some slight varia. t!
tions, the course here suggested, might t!
be pursued with advantage, on most, or s<
all the land, in the middle districts of the 1
State. s"
As to the kind of Cotton, it is hardly tl
necessary to say, that the Petit Gulph and a
Alvaradoseems to be universally prefer- b
red by Planters, to all other kinds that l
have been extensively tried. I am not a- t<
ware that either is preforrahle to the olher.
Peter Haiu. 3
? si
From the Camden Journal. w
wateree agriculturvl society. tl
The society met at Swift Creek on c
Thursday, the 4th inst. Col. James fi
Chesnut, sen. President of the society
presided at the meeting. The Recording
Secretary read the proceedings of the tl
former meeting. On motion, Gen. J W ti
Jantey was added to the committee ott
orn, small grain, root and grass crops,
^he President called for reports from the
everal committees.
Maj. A H Boykin, from the committee
n cotton, made the following report:
They are unanimously of opinion, that
here will be a deficiency of at least a
mrth of an average crop, owing to the
iteness of the cotton and the severity of
ae early frosts.
Capt. Thomas J Ancrum had produced
le proper certificates, and they find that
e had gathered from one acre of highmd,
2,432 1-2 pounds seed cotton. Othr
competitors having withdrawn, they
ward the silver cup of the value of $15,
3 Capt, Ancrum.
Col. James Chesnut. jr. from the comlittee
on com, small grain, root and grass
rops, reported that Maj. J M DeSaussure
. . V-? ; u?_ I
as -produced tne requisite vuuuncr, aim
nrl that he has gathered from one acre
f swamp or river land 72 1-2 hushels of
orn, and they award Maj. DeSaussure a
ilvor cup of the value of $10.
Thev also award to Mr. Lemuel Boyin
a silver cup of the same value, for
ie best acre of sweet potatoes, the pro-1
uct being 13.734 pounds (276 bushels.)
'here being no competitors for upland
orn, no prize was awarded, and the silver
up was directed to be placed in the hands
f the Treasurer.
Col. James Chesnut, sen. from the
ommittee on stock, made the following
jport :
The committee on stock, in the disharge
of their duty, have viewed with
luch interest, many fine animals of the
inds exhibitad for the prizes offered by
le society, and recommend that the cups
eawarded as follows, viz:
\) ilfaj. A H Boykin, for the
best Cow, a silver cup of the
value of $10
'o the same, for the best Bull, a
silver cup, 10
'o the same, for the best Ram,
a silver cup, 10
'o the same, for the best Boar,
a silver cup, 10
o Mr. Duncan Lang, for the
best Horse Colt, under 1 year
old, a silver cup, 10
Col. James Chesnut, for the
best Mule Colt, under 3 years
old, a silver cup, 10
The committee think proper to state
lat they found great difficulty in deciding
s to superiority between the bull of Maj.
oykin, and one of Col. Chesnut's.?
'hey also remark that a similar difficuli
was presented in deciding between a
mle of Col. W J Taylor's and that of
Sol. Chesnut's, to which the cup was
warded.
The committee request to notice with
larked approbot.on, a pig of Gen. Can;v's.
Maj. A H Bovkin, from the committee
) whom was referred, at a former meet,
ig. a Resolution to designate what prouc.ts
of the soil should be run for the enjing
year, and the manner and form that
lull govern competitors for the premiins,
submitted the following report and
Ian for the consideration of the socier.
This committee deem it of the utmost
uportance that a due regard should be
id to tiie rearing and improvement of
ock, so indispensable to the comfort and
ue economy of every householder, as
ell as those engaged in agricultural puriif*?the
ntilitv of which has been hith.
to so greatly neglected, and from the
esent limited means of the society canit
now deem it advisable to recommend
it three products of the soil as proper
ibjects for competition, viz: Cotton,
>rn and sweet potatoes?and that the
dlowing regulations and restrictions gov.
rn members contending for prizes:
1st. As it regards cotton?not less
inn two acres, in square or rectangle,
aving at least 15 feet margin or border,
> separate the same from other planting
,nds. Tno acres to be selected and measred
by the owner, with one or two other
icmbers of the society. And in good
lith such selection in no case to be made
pon improved lands; but upon such as
ave hitherto not produced mo-e than
00 pounds seed cotton to the acre, of a
ood average vear. The above shall apIv
to swamp land, with this difference :
? -/j.- 1 l : i 1
.vamp iana 10 exceed mgmauu u? piwpvion
of 18 o 15. Highland must go
ver 1500 pounds swamp over 1800.?
'he mode of gathering?the existing rule
) govern, with the exception '*hat tho
otton is not to be picked oftener than
nee in fifteen days. 2nd. As to corn,
ley recommend that five acres shall be
le quantity. If highland, it must be on
ijcu land as will not produce more than
0 bushels per acre, an average year; if
wamp, such as will not produce more
fian 20 bushels, to be in a body separated
nd detached from other planting lands
v a margin or border of at least six feet,
'he selection and measurement subject
:) the regulations governing cotton. Not
a be gathered before the 1st of Uctouer.
d. Potatoes?As a test, they think one
]uare acre sufficient?and they leave it
'ith competitors to make their own selec
ions of soil. In the gathering of this
rop, they recommend tnat the existing
liles of the society he adhered to.
The Report and Pian were accepted.
A communication was received from
le Huntingdonshire, (England) Agriculjral
Society through Mr. Goodlad. with
* c
f a copy of their constitution and bye-laws; a ?e
list of prizes for the cattle show, and a la
catalogue of the beasts, hogs, sheep and
pigs, exhibited at the Society's show at pr
Liverpool in July last. Also, a specimen 0
of various valuable seeds, with a request ce
that a tree intercourse and friendly corn. 01
muniration may be kept up between this h<
Society and their's, mutually benefitting si
each other. fa
The communication was accepted.? hi
Whereupon, Col. Wm. J Taylor offered c<
the following resolution, which was adop- oi
ted. * B
Resolved, That the corresponding Sec- fir
retarv of this Society tender its thanks Jj
[ J ----- J
to the; Huntingdonshire Agricultural So- A
ciety yf England, for the various docu- fr
ments transmitted to this Society, and 13
that he be directed to send them a copy b
of **yr institution, rules and bye-laws, a
and express the willingness of this So- S
ciety to reciprocate friendly feelings and w
good offices. si
Maj. A H 3o) kin was appointed a dele- B
gate to the State Agricultural Society. p<
Col. Win. J Taylor delivered the Anni- 2
versary Oration, in which he displayed a la
mind of great research and reflection on tl
the subject of Agriculture. Considered ui
it one of the most laudable and honorable w
pursuits; that it has been too much dis- bl
i paraged, and entered into various consid- tl
erations in enforcing the importance of ol
1 forming Societies, as a means of general ol
! improvement in Agriculture; and in- gi
I stanced a number of examples to show tl
the beneficial effects in our own country g
1 as well as abroad, from such well timed
combinations; There were many valua- v<
ble hints anc suggestions in the address, i c<
i useful to the former and planter, and well nr
calculated tc awaken their energies in ol
further enquiry and experiments in the pi
pursuits in which they are engaged. bi
After Col. Taylor had concluded his al
address?on motion, The committee of st
arrangementi were directed to request a ir
i copy of the address for publication in the fl
Camden Jou nal.
A number of gentlemen were then pro- la
posed, and elected in as members. li
rr" "* * *L x *1%^ AAna^i^tifiAn n !
j itl6 liin article ui mc uumuvunou ?
was amended to read as follows: " The S
Society shall determine at its meeting in o
November, if practicable, or at a called c
meeting for that purpose, the kind and c
ages of the stock to be shown, also what
productions of the soil shall be run for, r<
and to specify at such meeting, the re- s|
spective premiums." tl
A/aj. A II Boy kin moved that the lc
President, at his leisure, appoint the dif- n
ferent committees, and that they report E
J at the next meeting of the Society. a:
A resolution wns adepted, directing the tl
Secretary to hive printed, in pamphlet ii
form, the constitution and bye-laws of tl
this Society, and to draw from the Treas- tl
ury, the means for defraying the expenses p<
of the same. p<
A meeting was resolved to be hold on In
the second T'lnrslay in February next, h
Resolved, That the proceedings of this ai
meeting be published in the.Cainden Jour- n
nal. vv
The Society i;hen adjourned. tl
J. BOYKIN, hi
Sec'ry. si
fc
From the N. Y. Spirit of the Times. a
TOUR OF AN AMERICAN STOCK 11RKKDER IN B
ENGLAND. ft
[Compiled from Conversations with A. B. w
Alien, Esq. 1 ni
N. York, Oct. 22, 1841. C'
To the Editor of tlio "Spirit of the Times ^
I have just had the pleasure of an infer- a,
esting conversation with my friend A. B. f
Allen, Esq., of Buffalo, New York, who tj
returned last week in the London packet n.
ship " Hendrick Eludson," from an Agri- 0,
cultural Tour in England. Supposing Cf
that your readers would like to hear a little j
about !\lr. Allen's movements, I send you
a hasty line.
He savs there is nothing abroad that fa
will compare with our unrivalled Road- C(
sters and Trotters, and that if we contin- |^(
ue to cultivate the breed with care, em- m
bracing such slock as Abdallah's, Bell- (j
founder's, Messenger's, &c., we may w
eventually become large exporters.? ra
Many enquiries were addressed to him sj
on various occasions respecting them, c(
and he has brought home orders to pur- n,
chase a few stylish fast ones. I observe ra
that the London "Farmer's Magazine" tQ
has called upon Brother Jonathan to
? - -l--? -l' Km T.Afloru at fhn nprf
mUHC ct SIICW ui ins ( I wilts! O u.k i?w .. w ? , ^
meeting of the Royal Agricultural Socie- 1 jn
ty, and as it is open to the whole world,
I trust that some of our spirited breeders ^
will do so next year at the annual meet- ra
ing in July at Bristol. |e
The English Cart Morse Mr. A. also
thinks inferior lo the great Pennsylvania a(
Wagon Horse, and is of opinion that our
Racers here have more game or bottom ^
than theirs, and would beat them in heats Sl]
of three and four miles. Our soil and er
climate are decidedly superior for the tl]
perfection of this noble animal to those j (jt
of England, especially on this side of the ]
Alleghanies. rj(
Of Short Horns, he seems to think that tn
there is but one man's herd in England f0
that it is worth while for us hereafter to ?
import from ; and throwing out the stock i gU
of three breeders, New York, Ohio, and w
Kentucky would advantageously exhibit ^
against all England. There are other t|,
breeds of Horned Cattle which he'es- ^
teemed highly, as the Hereford, tiie Sjs- }lt
ur, Devon, Ayrshire, and Scotch High- te
?ders. ui
In Sheepy England has nothing to com- su
tro with our fine Saxon and Merino.
f the long wool tribe, such as the Lei- i E
isters, Cotswolds, and New Oxford, we vv
ily want a few, hut of the South Downs ; i?
j speaks very highly; their mutton is far' ar
iperior to their wool, fine enough for all to
imily purposes; they are also of a verv w
ardy character, and possess the best of ly
Destitutions. Of these he has brought 1?
# C
it a few for Francis Rotch, Esq., of P?
utternutts, Otsego county, New York.? ri?
>r our late Ministers at the Court of St.
ames, <ind for the Right Rev. Bishop
feade, of Virginia. They were selected
om the flock of Mr. Joxas Webb, of
abraham, who carried oflf all the valuale
prizes at the Royal Agricultural Show m
t Liverpool,. TUey.*are of great size for 01
outh Downs.?Mr. Rotch's Buck Lamb rt
t i t_ j ft I
eighed in the scales when put on board ^
lip, and only six months old, 152 pounds;
ishop Meade's, 18 months old, 248 rl
aunds: and Mr. Stevenson's, same age, ^
54 pounds. Mr. Webb killed a wether
ist Christmas that weighed, diessed, with
le head on, 200 pounds; and his bucks
sually shear from 10 to 11 1-2 pounds a!
ool, of a quality about three-fourths j u'
lood merino. To show the value of j ?
lese high bred animals abroad, the sire v
f Mr. Rotch's Lamb was let to the Duke e
f Newcastle for this season alone at 100
uineas, and 1 learn that the price of *
lese brought over by Mr. Allen is 100
uineas a head.
Mr. Rotch had previously imported
sry superior South Down sheep from the ^
slebrated flocks of the Duke of Rich- *
lond, Mr. Grantham, Mr. Elrnan, and *s
thers, and these now arrived cannot but j *
rove a valuable cross upon them. A :
sautiful Shepherd's Dog for Mr. Rotch | j*
Iso accompanies these sheep, of a breed
) superior, that it requiries. no break a
ig in for the management of the woollv ^
n ? at
ock. ;
1 was much pleased with the famous ?
irge Dorking Fowls, that, like old Goah,
have an extra toe, and fat occasion- i
lly to the great weight of 9 pounds.? \ j
ome beautiful Pheasants, the gatne bird
f England, and the cross of which on the a
ommon barn fowl produces the game a
ock, are among the importation.
In Swine, Mr. Allen went into a tho- v
Dugh examination, from the different
oecies of the wild Boar from Asia, and
le forests of Germany, kept in the Zoo- -v
>gical Gardens, the various kinds of Chi- a
ese, to all the most approved breeds of -v
Ingland. He pronounces the Berkshire .
s uniting more good qualities in him on
ie whole than any other; and as size
i th*m has been generally called for at
ie West, he has brought home specimens
lat stand three feet high, are of corres- j
ending length, and will easily fat to 890" j.
junds; but for fear these should not be j
rge enough, he has added the G cat o|
'cnnilworlh breed, of a height of four feet, ;
j -l: .l . i? r IV,,.r I 0<
no which me ij miuuii i in lu .i c* uwu? i i
til
al" asserts will fat to the enormous I *
eight of 1700 pounds. Mr. Allen /
links 1300 pounds will be the maximum,
at adds with quiet naivete of exoreson,
" if this does not prove large enough ^
>r the South-west, I will next year import ,j,
Rhinoceros that swings three tons!". .
ut I fancy that there will be no necessity ! '
>r this, and that the advocates for size J j.
ill now cry out "enough !" The Ken- q
ilworths are really a good shape; their
)!or is white.
, \v
The white and light spotted Improve. I ,
'erkshires he pronounces spurious breeds, ;
id of far inferior qualify and shape,
he true animal is just as one hundred ^
mes described in this and kindred jour- t
lis, viz., black, or a dark, rich plum col- j
, with a slight flecking of white, and ocisionallv*
though rarely the fleekerv may ^
5 sandy, or of buff color, preserved from
le old originals. : I.
He has selected stock from all the best ! o|
milies in Berkshire, and the neighboring ; rc
junties that breed them, which he will j v
3ep apart at home, and thus prevent the J
scessity of again importing for years, j ^
e found good ones scarce and high, and 1.
as obliered personally to look over scve- :
<3 ? *
,1 thousand head, perambulate exten- j ^
vely in every direction this large tier of J
>unties before completing his selections, j ^
^withstanding his employment of seve- fj
J agents, and the most extensive dealers
i assist him.
In Seeds he found the British farmer
lite as careful in selecting for sowing as
~ O
i choosing breeders for his stock, a mat- ^
r how little attended to at home. The ^
i plements of husbandry he thought genelly
cumbersome, complex, and need- j
ssly expensive; some things, notwith- j
anding, would be worthy of American rn
loption. jj(
Of the Corn Laics, he does not think
iere will he any modification that can ^
ibstantially benefit us, though Sir Rob- Cf
" 1 " '? ry\ fi,, 11 rn f m
t l'eel, in order u? ipjici ? , aJ
irers, may propose a small abatement of j n(
jty. But Mr. Allen takes the startling ^
ound, that if he would consult A me- j?
ca's benefit alone, he would make them
i stand just as they do now, and he donds
this position by saving that it would ^
eatly promote the emigration of worthy,
ibstantial people, and that the population,
ealth, and strength thereby procured to '
merica would be much greater than if
e ports of great Britain were open to J iy|
e free importation of grain, f shall look j
jrCcifter with interest to Mr. Allen's e.i
nded views upon this hitherto little
iderstood aud mast important national
ibject.
On the different ranks of people in
ngland, and their conditions, living, dee.,
e held much conversation, and other
teresting topics, hut I have extended my
tide too much already, and I am happy
say Mr. Allen will soon favor the public
ith Notes of his Tour, so I forbear?onacknowledging
mv obligations to him
r hu prompt and frank manner of reyiug
to my va'rious and minuto inquies.
Yours truly,
J. 0. C.
From the Cultivator.
BUCKWHEAT, RYE AND CLOVER.
Messrs. Gaylord Jf Taylor.?Having
lade an experiment with a triple crop, it
tay not be uninteresting to some of your
:aders to give a few particulars thetf&?
nd the result, in the beginning of August
stvear. I sowed with the same prepaition
of ground, buckwheat, rve and clo-.
sr. All which have one well: so that
am going at this time more largely into
lis mode of culture. Part of a field I
avejust covered with wheat instead of rye
) the third article. I was encouraged to
o this from observing that a few stools
f wheat; that accidentally strung up last
ear among the buckwheat, rye and clov
r, were line.
But in particular, I manured a poor,
orn out sandy quarter of an acre, with
ve cart loads of compost, and having
rst sowed and harrowed in the rye and
uckwheat. I then sowed * the clover
ied while the ground was fre9h atirred,
fext I covered a part of the quarter acre
jelected for a particular experiments)
ith pine leaves, a part with green pine
oughs?and a part I left uncovered?
nd here I observe that all these grew
est on the part covered with pine straw,
nd hetlter on that covered with the
rcen boNghs than where uncovered. I
nved this piece on the ?th day of Auust
last, and on the 5th of October, or
1 two months, I cut the buckwheat and
le product was 612 busheis or rates of
2 bushels per acre. The rye cut in
une last, was a good yield, but through
n inadvertence was neglected to be
leasured. The clover was near knee
igh when the rye was cradled aud will
ield a rine swath lor seed, now nearly
ipe. So with the clover in another
eld sowed in like manner. I hope next
ear to report favorably of that sowed as
hove stated this season, in mean lime,
ous, ike.
SIDNEY WELLER.
hinklcyvil'e, Halifax Co. IV. C. Aug. 6.
From the Spirit of the Times.
ORSKS?ORIGIN OF TH* MORGAN HRRKD.
Messrs. Gaylord df Tucker ?I have
tely received great satisfaction from
t aring what appears to be a correct a
mint of the origin of the Morgan Horses
f Vermont ; a breed known and esteem*
1 for activity and hardness throughout
I the northern slates; not remarkable
irsize, and scarcely known to sportsman*
.. Ti.i- rue* is uerhang as hifhlv
U open.. a. - r r w ,
clebrated as any for general usefulness
nd for such a degree ol fleetness as enties
it to the appellation o[fast traveller.
heir height is from fourteen to fifteen,
inds, color bav, make round and heavy
ith lean heads, broad and deep che&f.v
le fore limbs set far apart, clean and sinw\
legs, short strong backs, with that
'ejection of the ribs from the spine
hich is a sure indication of powerful
ings, and consequently of great wind
nd bottom.
The original Morgan horse, called also,
le Goss horse, is very well known to,
ive appeared in Randolph and in St.
uhnsbury (Vt.), some forty years since,
nd to have been kept as a stallion, at
rst with but little, and subsequently with
3ry great patronage, some five and
venty vears, or until he was thirty years
d or more. Various accounts are cur-,
mt as to his origin ; many think it quite
istinct from the Canadian breed of Norlan
French extraction, and consider the
7rse to have been of Dutch blood, and to
ive been introduced from some of the
ittloments on the Hudson river, southard
of Albany. Stories are also told of
traveller's blood mare having got with
>al by a Canadian or Indian pony at vaous
places north and west, and having
ought forth this horse; all these acluntsare
improbable, and appear to be
^authenticated.
For the last dozen years, being aware,
)th by observation and experiment, of
ie surprising results of crossing (he Caidian
with other breeds of horses, and
iving become acquainted with the vast
iricty and different qualities of various
ces in the Canadian breed, I have bejved
that the original Morgan horse was
French Canadian origin.. This opinion
iing confirmed by the account here giv.
), 1 am anxious to ascertain wherher
jy one can prove it erroneous, and if
it to make it public, that thousands of
>rsn<a mnv he obtained in French Cana>
t of the same Mood, and not inferior in
lality to the Morgan, whose existence
Itlcd several hundred thousand dollars to
e wealth of Vermont.
Geo. Barnard.
Shtrbrook, P. (August, 1841.
[affidavit.]
I was about 13 vears of ace when the
organ horse was first brought to St,
)hnsbi::y, in Vermont, whore my father