THE BANNER. ABBEVILLE C. 11., S. C.: Wednesday, July ii?, IS-IT. Rail Road meetings. Wc understand the meetings which were to have taken place at New Salem and Green wocd, came off last week in good order, and there was a good deal of enthusiasm manifested. All that section of country is anxious for the construction of a 1 1 til ?..i 1 i__ mi. ruuu, unu win cuu.iv,! i u?j uuguiy. jl no Commissioners appointed to open books for the subscription of stock, will be ready on Monday next to receive subscriptions, and the books will be kept open three days. AVc trust all who feel an interest in this mattor. and in the prosperity of old Abbeville, will coinc forward and subscribe. We understand about seventy-live thousand dollars have already been subscribed. Examination oi lite Female ACADEMY. Wc had the pleasure of attending the examination of the students in the Female Academy at this place under the control of the Rev. D. M. Turner, 011 Monday and Tuesday last, and were much pleased with the exercises. The young ladies acquitted themselves handsomely ; and by the accuracy and promptness of their answers, showed that they were thoroughly drilled in the several branches upon which they were examined. We were particularly pleased with the examination of a large class in grammar; and although many ol the members of it. were verv voung, evinJ * O' ced such a knowledge of it, as to reflect the highest credit upon pupils and teacher. We think the patrons of this Academy may congratulate themselves upon being able to procure the services of so competent a teacher as the Reverend gentleman now at its head, and should by all means endeavor to sccure him in the situation. The examination of the smaller scholars, uiuler the charge of Miss Harrison, was alsc very, gratifying to the parents. They were examined in reading and spelling, and acquitted ihcmselves very well. Latest from Mexico. The news from Mexico is menure ant unsatisfactory. The most important item however, is the rejection by the Mexicar Congress of Mr. Buchanan's peace propo sitions; and although this rrn"rt? ^^^j^^^rtnts-Ccrrectness. Should ^----^nrC^eoriect. no alternative will be left our government but to resort to more vigorous measures than have yet been used ; a temporizing policy will not avail us any thing with these sulky, sullen Mexicans, and it is literally throwing pearls before swine to make offers of peace to them. There impression, doubtless, is to wear out our armp'vj '* ... ' ies by avoiding to fight, and at the same time refuse to listen to terms of peace ; but in the American soldiers thev are mistaken, r.F - ~ * and they will find them composed of ma >v; . . tcriai too stern to yield one inch. Our go'? -vernmcnt has certainly done much to re f ' store peace, and we trust the last proposition has been made, and that "the dogs oi s 0 war" will now be let loose in earnest upon these cut-throats. Gen. Scott was still, at the latest 4ates, at Puebla, and it was reported that he was , to take up his line of march for the capital on the 28th ult. I Foreign Mews. Jtsy ibc arrival of the steamer Britannia, ^at Boston, we have *5 days later news from Europe. The political intelligence is of little interest, with the exception of the dc0 ; fcat of M. Guizot, in the Chamber ot Deputies, on proposing to reduce the duties on salt, which was carried in opposition to the V, cabinetThere was considerable activity in the cotton market, and the price had advanced < l-4d. per lb. During the first three days of the week ending 27th June, 192 ships, ? ^mostly laden with corn and provisions* ar.. - - ' rived in London, from various f< reign ports. .' ' And from the 25th of May up to the 4th of June, 1^237 vessels, laden with bread j?.' **k* ;'. stuffs, passed through the straits of Gibralter, from the Mediterranean^ The intelligence from Ireland is somewhat more favorable; food is becoming plentifol'and1 cheaper,, and the pirospectB for an abundant harvest were fine. Fever * and destitution still prevailed in the district of Sligo to a lamentable extent, ?r"K&jFri '^"V.,'An ' : *' V . *?;': '.V\/ . , *' * ' '' " 'i Times ill 1728 and 1817* In tearing down the old Bank of North America, several relics of former days have been brought to light. The Evening Bulletin has been furnished with a copy of the American Weekly Mercury, dated Nov 28, 1728, found in a corner of the garret, from which it extracts the following advertisement : T . _ 1 f . T 1 .4 t jusi arnveu, nom l^onuon, 111 uie snip Borden, W. Harbert, Commander, a parcel of young likely men servants, consisting of husbandmen, joiners, brick-layers, tailors. stay-makers, butchers, chain-makers, and several other trades, and are to be sold j very reasonable, either lor ready money, j wheat, bread or flour, by Edward Heme, i Philadelphia." When hot-headed fanatics and abolition- , ists lift the veil of the past and view these j things, what grounds have they for taunt- j ing the South? And when human beings ! are thus bartered, how small the estimate placed upon them ? Ercrtioii of a JVIouiiiiMMti. The editors and printers of Boston arc j making eflorts to erect a suitable monument j to Stephen Daye, the first American prin- ' ter. Kuipliatic. The Washington Union employs the 1 1 .* ' * i iouowmg cmpnanc language in relation to the alleged diflioufty between (Jen. Scott and Mr. Trist. It says : " It is a fact, that .Mr. Trist had no powers to conclude an armistice, and to arrest ; military operations, until (according to the principle of Mr. Buchanan's letter to Com ; Conner, of July 27, 1840,) a treaty shall i have been ratified by Mexico. It is also a fact, that no authority was given to override j and supersede Gen. Scott, nor to treat the j General with the slightest indignity or con- j tempi ufhis military functions. It is equal- ! ly untrue, as we understand, that, the gov- ! ernment has 'abandoned' the position which it originally took in relation to Gen. Scott and Mr. Trist." fcif The Boston Transcrint of tlm 1 fiili inst., says that a most distressing casualty took place on Sunday, at Northampton. Immediately after the afternoon service, a young man 17 years of age, clerk in a dry ? goods store in Northampton, went into the office of Dr. Thompson to visit a friend , a student of medicine under Dr. T. The student was lying on a couch near the win> dow, and ill sport took up a gun which he thought he knew to be unloaded, aimed it at his friend, pulled the trigger and shot him dead upon the spot! The unfortunate au[ thor of this shocking calamity became at UIlto a. luvtug maniac a;iu HO cuminueu up J to the hour of the departure'of the cars this . morning. ~ J?m.-rrmcnJdr .-?^Permit me, through you, 1 to make my profound acknowledgments to ' your Alcoholic-correspondent, for his very > flattering notice of my recent "attempt to instruct the people." Were I not 011 the eve of a journey, which will occupy several weeks, I should certainly aflord an employment for his "elegant leisure5' and exuberant charity, by submitting some of my crudities to the destructive distillation of his law, lore, and logic. But, if I may be so bold, I will ask leave, as I have been docki eted, lisum:pro:" to "enter an appearance" at the Fall Term. T. P33 At a meeting of the citizens of I Loundesville and vicinity, 011 Monday" the 26th instant, on motion of John Broxvnlee, John Speer, Esq., was called to the Chair, and W. It. Sanders appointed Secretary. The object of the meeting being briefly stated by the Chairman, it was moved and seconded that a committee of five be appointed to make arrangements for a meet ing for the purpose of taking into consideration the propriety of petitioning the Le gistature for an appropriation, for the improvement of the navigation of the Savannah river?whenr the following' gentlemen wcie appointed : Messrs. John Brownlee, Geo. Graves, 11. M. Davis, A. B. Arnold, and W. R. Sanders. After retiring (or deliberation, the Committee appointed a meeting to be held at Loundesville, the 14th August next, for that purpose. The members of the Legislature, and citizens generally, who feel an interest in the matter, arajrequested to attend. Addresses may be expected by the Hon. Rtirf nnrl mmiv UIIU UIUOIS. JOHN SPEER, Chairman. < W. R. Sawders, Secretary. A Depkaved People.?The officers of Col. Donaphan's regiment, who have returned to his country, state that throughout NewMexico unrestrained concubinage is a recognised feature of the social system, and that the obligations of wedlock- are utterly unknown. v ' ' \ : ' " - ' V FROM MEXICO. | From Ocncral Scott's Army. Council of War in General Scott's Camp? Order to March updn Mexico?March Countermanded?Santa Anna's Preparations?the Column of Honor?The Republicano upon Mexican Victories, <$'C. T>__ .1 -f m _ . - -? ? - ' ijy my v/uy vi jLampico we yesieraay received a coj?y of El Republicano, from the city of Mexico, of the 30tli of June; also the number of the 28th, which was missing from our previous file. Both papers contain rhatter of gfreat interest. A postscript in the paper of the 28th contains a report of the proceedings of a council of war said to have been held in General Scott's camp on Thursday, the 24th, the business of which was to determine whether or not to advance upon the cipital. One general, whose name is liot given, is said 10 have argued that it would be imprudent, nay, an act of madness to advance upon the city with less than twenty thousand men ; that upon the supposition that every thing should work favorably for them, it was evident that they could not enter the capital without resistance ; .md that supposing in their different engagements they should lose Imlf nf tlioir F/\rr?r* r\t* ?nnrn clmnM l?r\ leit with some four thousand men, with which number it was extremely hazrdous lo attempt to hold so populous a city. Gen. Worth was of a different opinion, lie maintained that every invader who hesitated was lost; that in their situation a single retrograde movement involved the most disastrous consequences, and that this had already been proved. He added proudly that six or eight thousand Americans were sufficient to conquer twenty thousand Mexicans ; that their triumph was certain and there was no reason for not passing 011 Gen. Scott and others are said to have approved the^e sentiments, so that it was at last determined that they should commence the forward movement on the 2Sth; but upon the suggestion of some one that it might not be proper to act so promptly after having just despatched the communication from the Government of the United States with renewed oilers of peace, Gen. Scott replied that lie would wait some days at Rio Fiio to receive the answer of the Mexican Go | vcrnmcnt. The American force at the time of this council was set down by the Mexicans at eighi thousand five hundred men, thirty pieces of artillery and one mortar. The Republicano remarks upon this information : "We believe the Americans have compromised their situation beyond measure; and even in the event, certainly difficult, that they Win triumphs upon triurnphsj their very victories will cause their ruin." The council above spoken of was held on the 24th. It is not alluded to in the Star of Puebla of ihe 26th nor in Mr. Kendall's lfiftp.rs whir.h rnmo Hnivn to Yet the facts are said to be derived from a responsible source and they look plausible? General Worth's opinions particular so. The Republicano of the 29th says nothing about the subject, but in that paper of the 30th is another postscript to -which is perfir it, Inrnrp Inters " Very Important."? ' "announcing the debarkation^)?TSUtfmerfa' Vera Cruz from Tampico, who marchec immediately for Puebla. [This is probablj General Cadwallader's detachment]? The letters further said that General Scott had already ordered the march of the firsi brigade, consisting of fifteen hundred troops with ten guns and a mortar, towards the city of Mexico, when he learned that the train was detained at Nopalucan [forty-two miles this side of Puebla and fifty-one beyond Perote,]?that he thereupon countermanded the march upon Mexico, and despatched a force to the assistance of tho train coining up. The letters then speak of the review of the troops which took place on the 26th. The number of troop? is again set down at 8,500 men without including those who occupy the fortifications of San Juan, Loreto, &c. But the most important paragraph is that General Scolt would probably postpone his march upon i the city until the 10th of July, to.allow these reinforcements to coino nn. W<> mvn -rthese various pieces of news as we find them, but the reader will constantly bear in mind that our advices direct from Puebla are later than these by the city of Mexico. The Republicano, in this same postscript, thinks it very probable that General Taylor will abandon Saltillo, Matamoras and other towns in the north of Mexico, and shortly proceed to Vera Cruz to assist in the taking of the capitaf, which is now, it adds, the object of t6e aspirations of the Americans. It is very anxious that the Government should direct Gens. Valenciaand Salas,now at San Luis, that they harrass the retreat of General Taylor. We see an order of Santa Anna issued on the 29th, admitting provisions of various kinds into the city free of duty. This is to last only as longas martial law prevails. Another^Werhas been issued nriodifying a previou? one directing the closing of shops every aftfeyiioon. They ate now to: be closed onty^bn Thursdays. THei object of closing the 8hoJ? w&8 to compel'every body to turn out fbFj^drilfe * On the 28th' Sama^fnna issued through the Secretary of War a brief but stringent decree to tl?s effect: The army of the enemy being upon the eve of moving upon this capital with a view to attack the same, and the moment having arrived-toact boldly, energetically and uniformly to repel our commoti enemy in a manner decisive and happy for our arms, it jV decreed that, martial law having been declared, it shall be 4 ' \ \ ,'iv. \ V.J ' v V ' * >- - " I strictly enforced, and that no other authority whatever shall be recognised than that of the general in command of the army of the East. The General is Lombardini. The decree is followed up by another greatly restricting the intercourse between the city and country, and pointing out who may go and come. From the St. Luis Neio Era, July 1. Late from California. Battle in Santa Fe?Condition of affairs on the Plains?Three engagements with the ji-. s.. j A. HItj't, tj'O. This morning \vc had an interview with I Mr. Murphy, who has just arrived from San. ta Fe. He came in with Major W. H. i ltussell, bearer of despatches from Cblonel | Fremont, in California, to our Government. ; Major Russell; it will be recollected, was J Secretary of State in California Under Col. i Fremont. He left California on the 25th I of March, with fifteen men as an escort, and ! was sixty-five days on the route through to Santa Fe; thirty-five of which thejr wcte driven by hunger to subsist upon the flesh 1 of their mules, in the absense of other food ! to sustain life. Mai. Russell has not vet i reached this city, having stopped at Young's 1 Landing, on the Missouri River, to see his "family. We learn from Mr. Murphy, that he brings no news of importance from Calij forma' every thing being quiet there up to the tune of his departure, and the health of | the American forces remarkably good. On | the road, between California and Santa Fe. ! he lost one man, who died from incessant fatigue and want of proper nurishmcnt. The trip was one of severe hardship, but ; the party met with no difficulty from either i Mexicans or Indians. I I lnfArmonf 1? n OOl | V.'Ul I1IIW1 I11U1JI 1^4U UUIILU J- U Vil U1V? /W*/Lll cf May. Two days previous (the 27th,) Major Kdinundson, having a forcc of some | 150 men. being dctached portions of the different companies of Colonel Price's Regiment, was attacked on lied River, some I 128 miles south-east of Santa Fe, by a pat's ty ol from three to four hundred Mexicans ; and Indians, (principally the latter,) and 1 alter an obstinate battle was forced to retreat with the loss of two hundred killed, one wounded and left on the field, and the ! entire capture of his horses, the clothing j and ammunition of his men, &c. The ' engagement was brought on by the enemy . ! just as our forccs were crossing a deep ra| vine, and when they were least prepared to j to repel an attack. .Lieut. Elliott was in this engagement, and is said to have distin? guished himsell by the taking of an emi[ uence which commanded the enemy's position, and which alone saved the live of many of our men. On the receipt of this news at headquarters, Lieutenant (Jol. Wiiiock was despatched with a body of 115 men in pursuit of the enemy and was seen on the 3rd of May by Mr. Murphy, some distance this side o! Santa Fe, on the waters of lied River, in i hot pursuit, with every prospect of soon - overtaking and chastising them. The names of the persons killed in the r battle above mentioned were not made pu> blic, but one of them was said to be from - this citv. The'health of the troops in Santa Fe is f n*ed as being much better. 1 he L UIIIjf QLUiu vit * w*jvu? vv vui iv/nuw uiilUil^ lilVj I troops or teamsters from this city being a r Mr. Shepherd, who was formerly in the - employ of the American Fur Company, t and who left this city with Armstrong's t train. i The condition of affairs on the Plains is represented as being desperate in the exi treme. Scarcely a train crosses without > being attacked by the Indians. The party to which Mr. Murphy belonged was attack ed three times. First a few miles below Fort Marin or Defiance, on the Arkansas, by a party of Mexicans and Carnanche Indian?. The Americans, being the strong. j cr .1 ?si, liiovu on meir assailants with tholossof several of their party. The second attack was made soon afterwards near Cow Creek, on the Arkansas. At this time Maj. Russell and a small party were near a mile in advance of the main body, and the Indians, seeing this from the sand hills, dashed down between them with the intention of cutting the smaller party ; off. They were repulsed, however, without lo.ss on cither side. The third and last attack was made on the Pawnee Fork by a party of some seventy-five Pawnee Indians. The strength of the American train at this time was near four hundred men, but so unexpected was the assault that belore the Indians could be driven off, they succeeded in killinor nHmit . ? 150 head of cattle belonging to the train.? This, our informant states, was the most determined and desperate charge he ever witnessed. The Indians dashed down in their midst and commenced the butchery of their horses and cattle without the least apparent fear of being molested. There was but one man wounded in this engagement, and none of the Indians were believed to be hurt. The train spoken of is in charge ef Capt. BeU. anrl was Ia SilOrt distance this side of Pawnee Fork. We further learn that the reported capture of a Government train and murder of the teamsters at Walnut Creek, mentioned by some of out city papers some two weeks since, is without foundation. From the N. O. Delta, July 17. Late from Bnena Vista, Salllllo, MONTEREY, &c. We had the pleasure of a conversation with Dr. Johnston, of General Wool's staff, who arrived-in-the Palmetto, evening before last, direct from Generals Wool and Tay 1 .. "J? 1 lii lor's camp, having left Saliillo on the 27th of June. Dr. Johnston has resided a long time among the Mexicans, and when the war broke out was living in Durango. He was compelled, however, with all the other A ?Mnt?irtn n o VAOI/1 ? ? ~ 4- * 1 1 mnuk ivuiio ooiuiilg IUUIU, IU IUUVC lllC piaCCj and proceeded to the city of Mexico. After the battle of Monterey he determined to join our army, and according started for Monterey on horse-back. He arrived at that place in January last, and immediately attached himself to our army. Dr. Johnston acted as an Aid of General Lane at Buena Vista, and was severely wounded?having been lanced and sabred, and otherwise so injured as make his recovery almost a miracle. Dr. Johnston reports that General Wool was encamped on the classic field of Buena Vista, with a force of 2700 men, consisting of the Virginia, Mississippi and North Carolina volunteers, and Sherman's, Washington's and Prentiss's batteries. General Taylor is still at his forvorite old camping ground, the Walnut Springs, quietly waiting until the Government furv.: ...:.i ' 1 i iiiouua linn wjiii iuuii una inuiius 10 aavancc ! 011 San Luis. General Taylor has with | him the 16th regiment, Bragg's battery, anil two squadrons of Dragoons. At Camargo, (?on. Hoppin has about 2,000 troops of the new levies. About the 13th of June, General Wool received notice that Jt forcc of about 1,000 cavalry, under Gens. Avalert and Minon, had left Matchuala, and advanced within sixty miles eff Bucna Visia. j This i rty constituted the advance of a ; strong division, which, it is reported by. the j Mexicans, was about to advance from Saa | Luis Potosi, under Gens. Valencia and j Salas. Cy the last accounts from San Luis, ' there were but four or five thousand troop'.-* 1 there, but Valencia expected to be joined by a strong force from Zauatecas. We think the swarthy Gcnetal feckorts without his host. The Zacatccanos are a sinewed, ; sensible people; they arc too good deino| crats; and like and admire the Americans j too much to take a very active part in the war; We arc happy to see that our old friend Minon has been liberated from the durance vile into which he was thrown by Santa Anna, on account of that confounded lovescrape at Saltillo. He is again at the head of a canary force, and whenever the opportunity offers, he will no doubt accomplish something worthy of the reputation he acquired in Yucatan. The citizens arc generally returning to' the towns occupied by our troops. In Saltillo and Monterey nearly all the respectable families have returned, and everything goes on very smoothly and quietly. The people generally are warmly disirous of u . I peace, and begin to prefer the Afuuiicau ! r.#i,?:? V^U \ UIIIIIJUUI. IU UlL/ll UWII. ii.-9JIUC.iail V , in ihe town of Zacatecas [pronounced ' Zachy take-us] does the anti-war feeling prevail to a great extent. At a public dinner in that town sometime ago, General Taylor and the American army were toasted with great applause. Midshipman Rodgers.?The following letter, addressed to his father at Newcastle, (Del.) furnishes an outline of the hardships he has endured while in Mexico. a Mexico, maj qo, 1847. I xvrntfi tn vnn r?r? iVia I CiU -f d 1 ? ? ww j vift ?iii> K/iu ui r curiiciryj the eve of my departure for Perote, since which time I have no opportunity of saying one word to you. I know you have been very anxious about me, more especially as the position and circumstances of my capture, determined this government to regard me as a spy. I think 1 can now assure you that you may banish all such fears ; their inquisitions must have proven my condemnation would be opposed to all rules o( civilized warlare. My situation has been critical, and even now I look back to it with painful feelings. I give vou a mere svnr?n_ - J? sis of my wanderings and privations. On the evening of the 19th of February, I arrived at Perote, under the surveillance of a strong escort. I was immediately locked up in a forlorn looking apartment, paved with brick, and without one single asticle of furniture. I passed that night upthe floor, without the coveingofa cloak even as well as the two following. Mytaggage was sent to me from Vera Cruz, but the coach was robbed, and I lost it all with more than $150 in money. ' I purchased other clothes here and proceeded towards Mexico. On my route I was robbed of every thing, and arrived in the capital without a cent or without ap: parel. Through ? __ 0 ....vi.wmy back, Lam.compelled to draw on1 you; although, most * utiwil- t. lingly. Meel cert&in I do not impose upon your kindness in doing, so, for' you^jypuld prefer such a step rather than Ishotfld suffer. - m How long I may be,kereiC^subject of / ^ $ ' il/: