"" 11 . .. _ , ^ ^ jjxcmcrjrr~tnt~tt!rtr"^m^^^'
" liberty and my native soil."
. YOL. 4. " ABBEVILLE C. H, S. C., MAY 19, 1847. NO. 12.
Published every Wednesday, by
CHARLES H. ALLEN,
Editob and Proprietqk.
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For announcing a Candidate TWO DOLLARS,
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The Postage must bo paid upon all letters and
communications to sccuro attention.
From the New Orleans Delia, 6th inst.
Highly Important from Mexico.
Continued triumphant progress of American
Arms?Jalapa taken without a struggle,?
JPcrote delivered up to General YVorlh,
with all its armament, without a shot f>om
the ememy,?Reported removal of Santa.
Anna from the command of the Mexican
Army,?Particulars of the taking ofTuspan?Probable
junction contemplated between
Scoff and Taylor.
The U. S. transport steamship New
Orleans, Captain Wright, from VeraCruz,
arrived last evening. She left on the evening
of the 20th uIt., and brought us our
correspondence and the latest papers to the
day of her sailing'. We procecil to .ay their
interesting content before our readers.
We would, in the meantime, state that
we have conversed with an intelligent
passenger, who came over in the N. Orleans.
He says that he understood Gen Taylor
had succeeded in communicating with Gen.
Scott, and that the object of 1:is despatch
was a formation of a mutual understanding
between them, with u view ol joining their
forces prepartory to a descent upon the city
of Mexico.
Santa Anna boasts that there is still another
Thermonvlai on the road between
1 *.
Puebla and Mexico.
Scott pushes on without stop or falter;
the destructive storm of" Cerro Gordo delays
not a day or an hour his onward march;
with a boldness, an energy, and masterly
activity beyond all parallel, he has passed
through the considerable town of.Talapa,
traversed the dangerous and difficult road
thirty miles beyond, and appears with the
old vanguard army, under the gallant
Worth, before the far-famed castle of Perote.
CHI. ?_* * 1 M i
i nis isasuie, so renowneu in Mexican inslory
as the gloomy asylum of disgraced and
unfortunate Revolutionists, of the hnhappy
victims of anarchy and of rabble rage, but
still more familiar to all Americans as the
dungeon of those brave men whose cruel
wrongs gave the first impulse to the spirit
whence this war sprung?thisstrong prisoncaitle,
with its battery of enormous guns and
powerful defcnccs, surrenders to our arms
without a blow. If one stone still stands
upon another of this gloomy monument of
Mexican servility and imbecility, the flag
of the " stars and stripes" waves over it, and
American cannon and American bayonets
bristles around its now invincibles walls.
Not here does Scott's army rest its wearied
limbs. A three days' march will precipitate
our victorious columns into the warlike town
of the the ancient Tlascalans. Puebla?
Whence marched the valiant warriors with
nihnoa Knrlinc cliiin tn hnnrl.tn-linnrl nn r>i V\o t
wuwovs ... ~ ??"? <-v?wi uui,
Cortez made his famous "Bridge of Corpses"
?with its 60,000 inhabitants, will yield to
our little army. And then?but let us
look no farther?let us await until the event
will justify it, before we raise the cry of
exolUttioiby and rejoice over the last great
tefr^ackievemont left to American valor?the
the city of the Montezumas!
w^^JLArA' Mexico, April 21, 1847.
?1 arrived at this lovelv nlace
??pPjK|Hnnorning, and found that General
~wT'*?ad hoisted the American flag in
"" friftafl?6 day before. He followed the
' > heroes of Ccrro Gordo to within
of Jalapa, when all traces of
body disappeared, and he enoiu&ped
for the night within three miles of
town evening, and entered and took
possession of it early next morning.
Snntn Annn rlirl not nn?s? ihrnntrh Tnlrmn
"but, in company with Ampudia and Torrejon,
turned off to the left at his hucienda,
?fot the nigbt at the " nine mile
:h was being fortified, but which
consideration, it was deemed pruracuate.
This evacuation took
rday morning, and in the eveHarney's
dragoons took posses>
Pass?Gen. Worth following
tsteps. A number of small arms
i. at the Pass, but they are of litalue.
^HH^^AVorth, it is said, will move on to
which place many think he will
^kHmb. ''
* i? B8to66BB9BHMBHSHBSHH8BHH8H
have a fight, as it is reported here that additional
defences are being made.
All along the road between Perote and
Puebla, the Mexicans here say we will be
opposed, and contrary to general belief, it is
said the Commander-in-Chief will shortly
move in that direction.
The list of killed and wounded, on our
side, is much larger than was first reported
?it is over 350. I
Col. Childs is the mailtary Governor
of Jalapa.
I send you a Mexican paper. There are
tvvodays later dates here, but this contains all
the important information. Chaparral.
Jalap a, April 22, 1847.
JEds. Delta.?General Worth approached
last evening within four or five leagues of
Perote, and entered the city to-day. We
had accounts last night that it had been
evacuated by the soldiery, who spiked all
the guns before leaving.
I am extremely glad to have it in my power
to state to you that General Shields has
improved much since my last, and Lieutenant
Hammond, who came from him this
evening, thinks there is a probability of his
recovery.
r .1 i mi i r._
itiusi ui uir> wagons iiuiu \> in luiivu lur
Vera Cruz in the morning, and if it Is the
intention to remove early, will retard it for
ten or twelve days.
The number ol killed and wounded, on
our side, will not fall far short of 400. I
have collected about two-thirds of the names,
and will send you a copy when it is complete.
The alteration in some of the reports
plays the devil with what I have, but
in two days all will be right.
Chaparral.
Jalapa, April 23, 10 A. M.
Eds. Delta?An express has just got in
? n i x*r__.u ' -i i .i.
Hum x uiuiu. uuncitii uriit ruiiunuu mui
town yesterday, at 11 o'clock A. M. He
found it completely evacuated by the soldiers
of the enemy, and a Colonel Vasquez
left behind to surrender it with decency.
An immense number of small arms, the big
guns of the castle and city, and ammunition,
were taken possession of. It was unfounded,
the report that the guns had been spiked in
the castle; they were found in excellent
order.
General Ampudia.with about 3000 caval
ry, in a wreicneu condition, was near tne
town when our troops entered, when lie put
off.
Santa Anna luid not been in Perote,sinee
the fight at Cerro Gordo, and he is supposed
to be somewhere in the mountains.
In haste, ClIAl'arkal.
From the able and intelligent correspondent
of the Vera Cruz Eagle, we copy the
following:?
Jalapa, April '20, 1847.
Yesterday, at noon, I left the encamp:
inent near Ccri'o (jrordo simultaneously with
the thousands of Mexican prisoners who
had been released on parole, and who were
wending their way to their different homes,
or to some place from whence they may
again lie Jorcr.fl to take up arms against ns.
I believe their line, extended as it was along
the road, was full live miles in length. The
Guarda Nacionale was the only corps that
maintained any order in their march?the
residue trudging along as best they could and
in most admirable disorder. We rode the
road on which they marched with much difficulty,
turning our horses heads twenty different
ways in the space of half an hour, to
avoid riding them down. They were less
sad than men under similar circumstances
would generally he, and cracked many a
joke at their own expense. This was in the
early part of the march. But towards sunset,
when they had measured 18 or 20 miles
of their journey?most of them in their
bare feet?they became quite silent and sad,
and the effects of the fatigue of the day,
combined with previous privations, told sensibly
upon them. I felt much interested in
the numerous camp women?those devoted
women who follow them through good and
" * * J 1- Al
evil?ana u gricvea me 10 seo mum, worn
down with fatigue, moving at a snail's pace,
their heavy burthens almost weighing them
to the earth. The women of sixty or more
years?the mother with her infant wrapped
in her robosa?the wife, far advanced in
that state that " woman wish to be who love
their lords"?the youthful Senorita frisking
along with her lover's sombrero on her
head ; even to the pratling girl who had followed
padre and mad re to the wars?could
all be seen at one view moving along?and
bareing the har4?|Bp3 of the tramp, unconscious
of the existcnco of misery in this
world.
mi 1!1._ T 3: iL -
x ne?c wuiiieu, iiivo mc iiiuiuhb, are mo
slaves of the men; a slavery they submit to
under the all-powerful influence of affection.
In addition tib^.lheir bedding and wearing
apparel, they pack upon their tacks the food
and the utensils to cook it in,"and worn oat
as they are by the toils of the day, whilst
their husb^rttf^kj^pr sleeps, they prepare
his repast.
When the Mexicans fir?* surrendered, it
W
was about their dinner hour. In one of
their forts the camp kettles were taken from
the fire, and the rations were being proportioned
out, when the order ef surrender
came from the second in command?so they
had to march out without their dinners.
That evening, although largo quantities of
food had been served out to them by our
commissaries, they were picking up old
bones, stale pieces of bread, and every thing
that could be eaten. Yesterday, on the
march, they would run up to a beef, killed
the da- before by our advance, and cut off
every piece that could be obtained, as eagerly
as though they were half famished.
From the foot of Cerro Gordo to Santa
Anna's hacienda, the road side was lined
with dead Mexicans and horses. At and
near the ranchero where General Twiggs
overtook the retreating enemy, they lay
i i _ i i .
iniciv uruuuu, ana a. inore noma sccne u
would be difficult to picture. Mexicans lay
dead in every direction; some resting up
against trees, others with legs and arms extended,
and occasionally a laucei laying
with his arm upon the charger that received
his death-wound from the same volley that
ended the career of his rider. Some of
the prisoners passing through would occasionally
halt to view the features of the deceased,
and then, mending their gate, regain
their place by the side of those who were
iV A 4^ * *1 il _1_ A.
uiun; luruumiu in mo "gni.
At the place above cited was to be seen
all the property, other than munitions of
war, taken from the enemy. In one place,
arranged in good order, were all the packsaddles?then
the pen containing mules?
the provisions next, comprising rice, beans,
bread, pepper, pilonceos, garlic, &c., piles of
shoes, knapsacks, and all the paraphernalia
of a Mexican camp. Captain Robt. Allen,
A. Q,. M., stopped for a moment, and gave
oiders as to the removal of these things.
The muskets taken from the enemy were
broken on stones as I passed the spot where
they were. They were of no earthly use to
us, and hence the summary mode of disposing
ol them.
Correspondence of the New O. Picayune.
Jat-apa, April 25,1847?Afternoon.
I have borrowed three copies of the EI Republicano
for an hour. They arc dated at
the city of Mexico, April 21 and 22. and the
latter gives a full account of the battle of
Cerro Gordo.
The Mexican particulars of the combat,
as usual, arc peculiarly rich. They say that
Santa Anna sustained the combat with 6000 '
men against 14,000, and fought valiantly to :
the very last. When, finally, he found himself
entirely surrounded by enemies, he 1
forced a wassafre through ".loss Ynnkpns" (
1 O D
\vi h a column of the 4th Regiment of the
line! The fact, as every one knows, is 1
that Santa Anna left early?all the cutting (
he did was to cut the saddle mule from his
Coach, and then cut and run.
The Mexicans admit that they had two
generals killed, but give no name save that
of VasqucZi Cols. Coslo and Calatayud
are also named as among the killed. Gen.
Scott's loss, on the i7th and 18th, is put
down at over 400, while the loss of the
Mexicans is admitted to be '2,000 men in 1
killed and wounded. They say that the Americans
tonght like hordes of savages, killed
all that presented themselves, whether wagoners,
old men, or women.
General Canalizo is openly accused of
bad conduct at Cerro Gordo. They say that
when he should have made a charge,which
would have been decissiv *, he withdrew
with his cavalry?-in plain terms that lie
run. Yours, &. G. W. K.
Jalapa, April 26, 1847.
We have intelligence, this morning, to
the effect that Gen. Worth has advanced
one of the brigades, with a battery and a
troop of dragoons, to a place called Tepe Aguaica,
twelve leaguesbeyoud Perote, tocn1
u* * i: -%.r __
large ins circuii 01 supplies. x ou may
hear that a party of dragoons has been cut
off by the enemy at the other side of Perote,
but there is no truth in the rumor.
We already hear of depredations committed
by the Mexicans on the roads. Even
Santa Anna's son-in-law, who has the appearance
of an American, was set upon,
robbed, and maltreated most shamefully
by his own countrymen the other night.
The stage driver, who brings this news,
says that all the young man's protestations
that he was a true Mexican were of no effect
.?he had light hair, blue eyes, and must
needs be a Yankee. We also have a report
that a number of recruits for the army,
coming up under charge of Capt. Winder,
have been killed by the rancheros or guerillas
between this place and Cerro Gordo?
IF the alcades and principal men were held
fully accountable and responsible for the
acts of the people in the vicinity of the roads,
we should soon hear an end of these outrages,
Yours, &c. G. W. K.
Action of the Mexican Congress.
Immediately on the receipt of the news
of Santa Anna's defeat at Cerrtf'Gordo, the
Mexican Congress held an extraordinary
session. The following account of its proceedings
is translated from Ei Republican? ;
of the 21st April. It comes in the shape of
a preamble and eight articles, and we give
it entire:
The sovereign constituent Mexican
Congress, in use of the full powers with
which the inhabitants of the Republic have
invested it for the sacred object of saving its |
nationality ; and as a faithful interpreter of
the firm determination with which its constituents
aro decided to carry on the war
which the United State are now making on
the nation, without desisting on account of
any kind of reverses; and considering
that under these circumstances the first
public necessity is that of preserving a centre
of union to direct the national defence
with all the energy that circumstances demand,
and to avoid even the danger of a
revolutionary power arising which might
dissolve the National Union, destroy its
institu'.ions, or consent to the dismemberment
of its territory, has determined to decree
as follows:
Art. 1.?The Supreme Government of
the Union is authorized to dictate all necessary
measures for the purpose of carrying
on the war, defending the nationality of the
Kepublic, and saving the federal republican
form of government under which the nation
is constituted.
Art. 2.?The preceding article does not
authorize the Executive to make a neace
with the United States, conclude a negotiation
with foreign powers, nor dispose, in
whole or in part, of the territory of the Republic.
Art. 3.?Neither does it authorize him
to make contracts ol colonization, impose
punishments, nor confer any civil or military
employments others than those whose
appointmentsare expressly entrusted to him
by the constitution.
Art. 4.?Every agreement or treaty shall
be null and void which inav bp. marls bp.
tvvcen the Government of the United States
and any authority whatever, which) subverting
the actual order of affairs should
set aside or take the place of the legally
established supreme powers of the Union.
Art. 5?Every individual is declared a
traitort let him be a private a person or public
functionary, who, either in his private
capacity or invested with any authority,
incompetent or of revolutionary origin,
may enter into treaties with the United
States of American.
Art. 6.?In the event- that the actual
Congress fined it impossible to continue its
sessions, a permanent committee shall be
immediately installed, to be composed of
the oldest individuals then found nresentof
r
each deputation.
Art. 7. This committee, in tile abscenCe
of Congress, shall perform the duties of a
Government Council; shall appoint, in Case
of vacancy, the person who is to take
charge temporarily of the Republic; shall
regulate the counting and taking of the
votes in the election of a lie\V President;
shall give possession to the elected person,
and shall call together the national representation.
Art. ft. The nownrs whirli tbo nri?en?it
decree confer on the Government shall
cease as soon as the war is concluded.
Such is about the amount of the proceedings
of the meeting of the Mexican Congress,
held immediately after the news had
reached the capital of the disastrous defeat
of Cerro Gordo. The editor of El Republicano,
in speaking of tlii3 extraordinary
session, in his paper of the 21st April, says
that " to the honor of the legislative body it
ought to be observed, that yesterday more
than eighty members assembled, and that
no other than sentiments of patriotism were
heard expressed. May the common danger
thus unite all the Mexicans, and cause to
disannear even the names nf nnr snrl Hi?.
sensions."
Chapter of Yonng Men.
Alexander, of Macedon, extended his
power over Greece, conquered Egypt, rebuilt
Alexandria, overrun all Asia, and died
at 38 years of age.
Hannibal was but 26, when after the fall
of his father Hamilcar, and Asdrubal, his
successor, he was chosen commander-inchief
of the Carthagenian Army. At 27,
he captured Saguntum from the Romans.
Before he was 34, he carried his arms from
Africa into Italy, conquered Publitfs Scipio
on the banks of the Ticinus, routed Semprontus
near the Trebia, defeated Flaminius
it- a . *i_ ? a i I.M
uu ins tippruucu 10 ine appermits, nuu
waste the whole country, defeated Fabius
Maximus and Varro, marched into Capua ;
and at the age of 33 was thundering at the
gates of Rome.
Scipio Africanus, was scarcely 16 when
he took an active part in the battle of Canns,
had saved the life of his father. The wreck
of the Roman cavalry chose him thm for
their leader, and he conducted theni back
to the capitol. Soon after he was 90, he
was appointed r.rocdnsul 6f Spain,, vyheijp
he took NeW Carthage by stornk Soon
after he defeated; S?cd?sfv6fy, A^drubal,
(HannibaV* VotherJ Magd, aftd Hafcn,.
.75 * % - /
*
crossed over into Africa, negotiating- with
Syphax, the Massasylian king, returned to
Spain, quelled the insurrection there, drove
the Carthagenians wholly from the penia*
sula, returned to Rome, devised the diversion
against the Carthagenians by carrying
the war into Africa, crossed thither,destroyed
the army of Syphax, compelled the return
of Hannibal, and defeated Asdrubul a
second time.
Charlemagne was crowned king of the
Franks before he was 26. At the age of
28, he had conquered Aquitana, at the ago
of 29 he had made himself master of the
whole German and French Empires.
Charles XII, of Sweeden, was declared
of age by the States, and succeeded his
father at the age of 15. At 18 he headed
; the expedition against the Danes, whom he
chebked; and with a fourth of their numbers,
he cut to pieces the Russian army, commanded
by the Czar Peter,, at Narva?
crossed the Dwina, gained a victory over
the Saxons and carried his arms into Poland.
At 21. he had conquered Poland,
and dictated to them a new sovereign. At
24, he had subdued Saxony, and at 27 ho
was conducting his victorious troops into
the heart of Russia, when a severe wound
prevented his taking command in person,
and resulted in his overthrow and subse*
quent treacherous captivity in Turkey.
Lafayette was Major General in tho
American army at the age of 18; was but
20 when he was wounded at Brandvwine :
but 22 when he raised supplies for his army,
on his own credit, at Baltimore ; and but 23
when raised to the office of commander-inchief
of the National Guards of France.
Napoleon Bonaparte commenced his
military career as an officer of artillery at
the age of 17. At 24 he successfully com*
manded the Artillery at a seige of Toulon.
His splendid campaign in Italy was performed
at the age of 27. During the next
year, when he was about 28. he gained battle
after battle over the Austrians. in Italy,
conquered Mantua, carried the war into
Austria, ravaged the Tyrol, concluded an
ad vantageous peace, took possession of M iian
and the Venitian republic, revolutionized
Genoa, and formed the Cisalpine Republic.
At the age of 29 he received the command
of the army against Egypt; scattered the
clouds of Mameluke cavalry* mastered Al*
exandriaj Aboukir^ and Cairo, and wrested
the land of the Pharoahs and Ptolemies
from the proud descendants of the prophets;
At the age of 30 he fell among the Parisians,
like a thunderbolt; overthrew the directoral
government; dispersed the council
of five hundred and was proclaimed first
consul. At the age of 31, he crossed the
Alps with an army and destroyed the Austrians
b^ a blow at Marengo. At the age
nf 50 ha ndtn Kl ioll Hnilo nT TManAlnAw
in the same year he was elected consul for
life by the people, and at the age of 33 he
was declared emperor of the French nation.
William Pitt, the first earl of Chatham,
was but 27 years of age when, as a Member
of Parliament, he waged the war of a giant
against the corruption of Sir Robert Walpolei
The younger Pitt was scarcely 20 years
of age when, with masterly powerj he grappled
with the veterans of Parliament, in
favor ot America. At 22 he was called to
the high and responsible trust of chancellor
of the exchequer. It Was at that age when
lip f~. m r* fiMrfh in Kia murlit nil tVio oflfniro n f
IW? ?! ill tliw III " IIV V/ II bUV UUlllig Vi
the East Indies. At 29, during the first
insanity of George III., he rallied around
the Prince of Wales.
Edmund Burkej at the age of 19. planned
a refutation of the metaphysical theories of
Burketey and Hume. At 20 he was in the
temple, the admiration of its inmates for
the brilliancy of his genius and the variety
of his acquisitions, At 26 he published his
celebrated satire, entitled "A vindication of
Natural Society." The same year he published
his Essay on the Sublime and Beautiful?so
much admired for its spirit of
philosophical investigation and the elegance
of its language. At 25 he was first lord of
the treasury.
George Washington was only 27 years
of age when he covered the retreat of the
British troops at Braddock's defeat, and the- .
same yeaf was appointed comm9nder-in.
chief of all the Virginia forces. ? '
General Joseph Warren was only 29^'
years <.f age, when in defiance of the British
soldiers stationed at the door of the
Church, he pronounced the celebrated oi^rtion
which aroused the spirit of liberty and
patriotism that terminated in the achieve*
mcnt of indenendence. At 34 he&lnrintiftlu'>
----------- - i t # ; r~ 0"T"w"7r-^
fell, gallantly fighting in the cause of freedom
on Bunker Hill.
Alexander Hamilton was
colonel in the army of the Ahiei^^^tihr^
lution and aid de camp to Wa[^ln^'(>n dt
the age of 20. a?e of r^v
member of CoogresAfr^m. New Ybrflj
SO, he was one of the ablest tnerob^wSKx''
Convention that formed tH6
|he S^,. 1 '
^ " "l