from 1818 to 1827, has been discovered
by that gentleman to produce a change
jo sudden and extraordinary? Well
may the people?well may the civilized
world?inquire, why this change of po
i i
ajwj niiLI pusiuuu ;
Mr. Chairman, in consideration of the
past if not of the future?if not to calculate
the cost of maintaining our rights?
we should pause before we plunge this
country into war. We should take
counsel of our hearts andour consciences,
whether that war would be just, and in
a just cause. Sir, I have taken my position.
I believe it maintains the honor
and the rights of my country, and will
command the approbation of the people.
It is the compromise offered by our government
from 1818 to 1845. I am unwilling
to accept less. I will not demand
more.
But, Mr. Chairman, if it be the determination
of the committee to terminate
the treaty ,of joint occupancy, with the
purpose of asserting the right of domain
to a part or to the whole of the territory
of Oregon, I trust the noticc will be
couched in those manly terms which
shall manifest our sense that it is a right.
The treaty provides that it shall be determined
at the expiration of twelve
months' notice, and secures to each of
the high contracting parties the right to
give it. The notice needs no apology,
and I submit that it is unmanly and un-1
beaming to make one. And I must be
permitted to say, that I cannot admire
the spirit that would whisper it in the
pitiful palaver of a 41 preamble," or the
whiningand whimperingofa" whereas."
Mr. Chairman, my constituents are
ever ready to maintain the rights and defend
the honor of their country. They
know nothing of the people of whom I
am an humble, but 1 trust faithful, re
presentative, who sunuose thev have an
unmanly fear of war, calamitous and
desolating as it ever has been and ever
must be to their interests. They appeal
to they history of their country to bear
them witness that whenever the gallantry
and patriotism of its citizens have
been summoned to its standard, they
have been the first in the field and the
fiercest in the battle.
Sir, the south does earnestly deprecate
war, but not, as I have heard intimated,
because she is conscious of any
element of weakness or danger in her
social system. She fears no domestic
disquietude in war. But much as we
deprecate War, more do we deprecate
national dishonor and degradation.
And if war come from maintaining the
' rights and the honor of our country, by
the help of Heaven we will meet it,
though it drag its victims from every
fireside, and slay them on every coast,
and plain, and height, in this broad confederacy.
From the Charleston Mercury.
THE TARIFF.
Congress has been in session now up
wards of four months. More than one
half of the time it will continue in session
is passed. It is some six weeks, j
since the bill from the Treasury Department
revising the Tariff, called for by
the Committee of Ways and Means, has
been received by that Committee. But
no Tariff bill is yet submitted to Congress.
Bills on all other subjects, especially
such as shall exhaust the Treasury,
and increase the expenditures, J
nave Deen prolusely reported. The
army has been increased five thousand
men, in conformity with the recommendations
of the Secretary of War, involving
an increase of expenditure of fully
four millions of dollars. A bill for Internal
Improvements, recommended by
the saofficer, has passed the House
of Representatives, for a million and a
half more. The ten steam ships proposed
to be built by the bill in the Senate,
(now it seems having the direct
sanction of the Executive,) requires thirteen
millions more. The House the
other day after an elaborate discussion
of two days, sent to the Senate a bill to
supply deficient appropriations of the
lftel tlrtnlt " 1 'It*
iuov j uui ^ uajlill^ JLV/JT 9UIUC LWO II11I1I0DS
more. The simple meaning of this bill
is, that Congress only authorized certain
expenditures, which the administration,
without law, has exceeded, and now
calls upon Congress to foot the bill. Add
to oil these the innumerable projects
from the West for expenditures?such
as military roads to Oregon and Texas
and Arkansas, and our readers will see,
what lively prospects are before us for a
frugal, strict construction, as the fruit of
the Baltimore Convention.
Now we do not intend to say, that
matters may not be set right at Washington,
before Congress rises; but we
do say, that thus far, our very worst fears
have been more than realized by events.
If we are saved from a war, (which we
a ?r?v ---
ijuw uu ikji ienr^ xo wnom will we be
indebted for our salvation % Those into
whose hands the triumph of the Democratic
party has placed the foreign relations
ef the country ? No man can be%
iieve this. So far as the action and poli-1
cy of the Administration is concerned,'
war was inevitable." We stated that
this would be the case before Congress
met; and we stated too, that war would
be arrested from the South?by that
i?*.
smaii out patriotic party, which neither
the blandishments of power nor
the terror of party proscription, could
drive from their duty to their country.
The State Rights men of the South,
have stood in the gap, and will arrest
the plague of war. And look to the
projects of expenditure, thrust foiward,
whilst this Tariff is kept back. According
to every dictate of reason or common
sense, the Tariff ought first to have
been considered and settled. Then
Congress would know, how much money
they would have to spend ; and the
appropriations could be made to suit the
means in the Treasury. But matters
are reversed. Enormous expenditures
are proposed and voted?for what pur
pose # Most assuredly when the Tariff
comes upy they will be pointed to, as an
argument against great changes or reductions.
No one can suppose, that it
will be proposed to borrow: nor will it
be urged by those now pushing on the
oxpenditurcs?" your expenditures being
increased, tax tea and coffee?tax
the free list." . No! no 1 It will be
?" keep up the duty on iron and sugar
and glass and woollens. Specific duties
are most certain in their exactions, than
ad valorem duties" ; or may be, we will
hear the old Cuckoo note, " put off the
Tariff for this time ; after the next elections,
the Democratic party will be prepared
to revise the Tariff," &c. Having
hfipn thrnfi tiir\p? Hnnojl oImoiI.
.... WW .....VV MMjrWVt 1*11 ^UU yy 11 LCI*
tainly is not surprising that there should
be very lively expectations#that we can
be duped again, with entire impunity.
We are compelled to construe the proceedings
in Congress, as evincing, if not
a settled design to overlay the Tariff, at
least a great reluctance, a decided ppprehension,
in meeting the question, j
Whilst we have all along declared our
hopelessness of obtaining a simple revenue
tariff, (the indignation and fury of
the Union notwithstanding,) it is impossible
for us to suppose with our correspondent,
that the Tariff will not be
troubled at all by the present Congress.
This is too monstrous for the belief, even
of those most distrustful of the Demoprntic
nnrlv
r?j
Our Delegates in Congress.?
We very much question whether
this State has ever been better
represented in Congress, than at
' present. With Colhoun and McDuiiie
in the Senate, and Rhett,
Woodward, Burt, Holmes. Simms,
Black and Simpson in the House,
we venture the assersion that no
State in the Union can present a
greater combination of excellence
and talent. What too is particularly
grateful, is the great unanimity
and harmony that exists in
their conncils with each other.
Upon none of the subjects affecting
the great interests of the country,
do they seem to differ, and this
is the more to be rejoiced at?for
if ever South Carolina required
unanimity in her councils it is now.
Long may such harmony continue,
and long may South Carolina have
such sentinels on her watch-towers.?South
Ca? olinian.
The New York Journal of Commerce
in comment.imr nri Mr Ron.
toil's speech on the Oregon question,
remarks, " Thanks to that
Senator for his straight-forward,
manly speech. A friend in need
is a friend indeed ; and now that
he has taken a position along side
of Calhoun, Haywood, Colquitt
and their compeers, what hope is
there for the 54 40 men ? They
are left in the vocative wanting.
They are defeated, and the country
is safe."
S Mr. McDuffie's speech has made
a very decided inpression, and is
another of those robust and healthy
influences that are going forth
from the Senate, to form, on just
and abiding foundations, the public
opinion of the country. The
true Statesmen have taken a position
which the people will sustain,
and on which all can unite.
We are informed, says the Federal
Union, that the Wheat crop
throughout Georgia, never looked
more promising than at this time,
_i?i-i .?
ouu suuuia tne harvest prove as
abundant as is now anticipated' it
will greatly relieve the wants of
the people from the present scarcity
of grain.
THE RANNFRi
m ? m ^B ? bw
" liberty and my native soii.."
CHARLES H. ALLEN, Editor.
Abbeville C. IL, S. C.:
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 15, 1846. .
We are indebted to the Hon. A. .
Burt for several Public Documents.
ICf3 Upon the first page of this week's ]
paper will be found the speech of our j
immediate representative, the Hon. A. \
Burt, which will rank among the best (
delivered upon the Oregon question. (
Mastodon Cotton.?We would call J
the attention of planters to the adver- 1
tisement, in this week's paper, of the 1
Mastodon Cotton Seed. We have seen 1
a sample of the cotton, which, for fine- '
ness of texture and beauty, is unequal- 1
led. A few of the seed may be obtain- I
ed at the store of R. H. & W. A. Wardlaw.
Congressional.?We have received <
but little by the late news from Washington,
that would interest our rea- j
ders. The Oregon question is still pen- t
ding, and no vote taken upon it as yet. t
The war panic created by the recent t
message of the President, has complete- ,
ly subsided, and from the fact of Messrs. ]
Benton and Webster, siding with Mr.
Caltioun upon the 49th degree as a basis
for the settlement of this question,
all parties seem to think that there will
be no war, and that the question will be
speedily settled. The magnificent
o 5
speech of Mr. Calhoun has made, and t
is still making, a great impression ,
throughout the length and breadth of \
the land; and that of Mr. McDuffie's ,
able as it is also, following so soon after, <
will have a very salutary influence in ?
this matter and dispel all fears of a rup- j
ture with England. t
The Sub-Treasury Bill has passed (
the House by a considerable majority, ,
and is thought will pass the Senate, j
The delegation from this State all voted t
for it.
Foreigji News.?By the packet ship <
Yorkshire, which arrived at New York *
on the 1st instant, bringing dates one \
day later than the Hiberniawe have 1
news of rather a warlike nature from
England. The Switzerland had ar- 1
rived with the Oregon Notice Resolutions
as they passed the House of Re- ?
presentatives, and had considerably increased
the war feeling in London. j
The motion of the immediate repeal <
of the corn laws, offered as an amendment
to Sir Robert Peel's proposition r
for their discontinuance after three ^
years, was negatived in the House of
Commons by a vote of 78 to 265.
Cotton had advanced ?d., and was a ?
little firmer. j
In consequence of the indisposition of j
Sir Rodeiit Peel, Mr. McLane, our j
M i v* j ?? * * j #
Af*<??i0kvi j iiuu uccu prcvcnicQ irom ai- ^
ning with him. t
Mexico.?The news from this coun- ?
try is important. It appears from the (
latest dates that the Mexican govern- c
inent had given a final and positive an- i
swer to Mr. Slidell, refusing to receive i
him as Minister Plenipotentiary; that t
he had demanded his passports, and e
would take passage on the 25th instant ?
for the United States. It is said, had the c
English news brought out by the Cam- t
bria, in February, been received a little r
I earlier, Mr. Slidell would have been f
i received almost upon his own terms. r
A panic prevailed at Vera Cruz, in s
consequence of the supposed intention t
of our fleet to blockade or open hostili- x
ties on the withdrawal of Mr. Slidell. 1
The people were deserting the city, and a
all the Mexican navy were sent under q
tow of steamers* to & place of safety up r
the Alvarado river. c
editor's table.
Southern and Western Literary Messenger
a.n/1 R*ni?*n R R IWi?inn T7*i t/-> r
0-. ....? ..W vww Jk/? iVUilViVj JLJUilVI j
Richmond, Va.?Terms, $5.00 per
annum, in advance.
The April No. of this magazine is
jefore us, with much in it to interest the
eader.
Literary Emporium ; a compendium of
religious, literary and philosophical
knowledge. Published by J. K
Wellsian, 118 Nassau-st., N. Y.?
Price, &1.00 per annum.
Ike Youni? Peoples Magazine: Seba
Smith, Editor; J. K. Wellman, Publisher,
N. Y.?Price, $1 per annum.
We have received the March and
April Nos. of the above beautiful and
interesting publications. Each number
8 accompanied with handsome engravings.
We take pleasure in recommending
these publications to our young
rriends. Unlike the trashy and disgus;ing
love tales, which crowd the pages
)f most of the publications of the present
lay, these magazines are filled with
>uch articles as are calculated to inte
cai unu uinuse, as wen as elevate and
refine the youthful mind. In each numaer
of these publications) there are coored
engravings, illustrating Botany,
,vith full descriptions of the plants rejresented.
(for the banner )
ABBEVILLE, April 6, 1846.
3ol. John Cunningham :?
Dear Sir,?We, the undersigned, beng
fully impressed with the qualifications
which you possess to serve us in
he councils of the State, and believing
hat it is our incumbent duty to call
jpon such men to represent us in the
Legislature of the State, or in whatever
:apacity we may require those services
n a public way: We, therefore, under
hesc impressions, make a call upon you
o bccome a candidate for the Legislaure,
for the ensuing election : and assure
you, so far as we can understand
he public mind, we are authorised to
nake the call, and have good reasons to
selieve that those of your friends, whom
ive have not had an opportunity to consult.
with regard to this particular measure,
will coincide with us most cheeroily
in the call above made. We,
herefore, most earnestly solicit you to
:omply with our request, to allow us to
nake your name known as a candidate
"or the Legislature for the ensuing elecion.
With great respect,
Yourob't. serv'ts.,
3. J. Cannon. Thomas Eakins.
John Brownlee. J. H. Cobb.
A.. B. Arnold. A. L. Gray.
W. Tennent. Enoch Nelson.
Wm. J. Lomax. D. L. Ansley.
Fno. G. Caldwell. T. J. Douglass.
D. Douglass. J. W. Chatham.
F. P. Robertson.
ro G. J. Cannon, Esq.,and others:?
Gentlemen,?Your communication,
landed me two days since, by which
1 you most earnestly solicit me to com)ly
with your request, to allow you to
nake my name known as a candidate
or the Legislature for the ensuing elecion,"
has elicited my most grateful and
solicitous attention. Having twice been
i candidate of late, and the people of the
j ? *
^ shivij muugu i tcgciveu many manifestations
of their regard and kindness,
laving twice preferred others to repre;ent
them, I have felt strong repugnance
o producing the impression of any desire
even in appearance upon my part
which I have never entertained and
lisclaim) of being ambitious to force
nyself upon" them into public service,
ind great diffidence at being before
hem as a candidate, and had determin:d
to devote myself alone to my private
luties and business. But the flattering
:all that gentlemen of your respectabiliy
and discretion have, by your commulication,
made upon me, and the late
requent and repeated requests from
any others of all parts of the District,
ome of whom have hitherto been averse
o my election, have induced me to (
vaive any personal reluctance and fee- i
ings, and to assent, of course, to place <
t their and the District's disposal, such ]
[ualifications, however limited, that I -j
nay possess, and such services as my \
niir.itv nnri trnnA fcifli I .
-r j vy?AU lv|IUvi? | J
And I think I but express your views
and feelings as well as my own, when
1 say, that in placing my name before
the District, reference and design are
alonC had tO mv mnninor imnlif
j & -""fV w"
such qualifications lor the Legislature
as I may possess, and not in opposition
to, or association with, any other candidate?not
as the candidate of any partisanship,
local hobby and personal feelings
; but with regard to State affairs,
general harmony and political welfare.
In conclusion, I can but say that if
elected, and having all my interests, associations
and feelings existing and concentrated
in South Carolina, I shall always
scrupulously endeavor, as one of
her legislators, to consult alone her social,
moral, and political good and ho
nor, and especially the proper interests
and standing of my constituency.
With feelings of strong personal regard
and esteem, I remain, gentlemen.
Your most ob't. serv't.,
John Cunningham.
Abbeville C. //., April 8, 1846.
Extract from a Letter to tkt Editor.
Dear Sir :?I learn from a gentleman
who has very recently travelled
through the Districts of Edgefield, Lexington,
Newbury and Laurens, that the
??li^ui uup ?vao ucvci uiuic pruniising*
at this season of the year, and such I
know to be the case so far as the Saluda
side of this District is concerned.
Should no disaster befall the wheat crop,
wheat will not be worth more than 50
cts., per bushel next Summer.
From the New York Herald, 4th inst.
ARRIVAL OF THE PACKET SHIP
YORKSHIRE.
This intelligence was brought over
the Atlantic by the splendid express
tr i i ^ ^ "
puunei snip i ontsnire, captain tsailey.
She sailed from Liverpool on the 5th of
March.
The news thus received is warlike,
but the opinions of the English press
are merely an efferescence after the receipt
of a little republican spirit. It
will, however, probably pass off like
that of good champagne.
, The Switzerland had arrived out with
the Oregon notice resolutions, that had
passed the House of Representatives.
They increased the war feeling in
London.
The English and French Funds
were depressed in consequence of the
news from the United States.
The relations between England and
the United States had increased the bulk
ol the despatches for the Governor-General
of Canada, and also for thp. Onvp.m
ors of the other North American provinces,
which were sent off on the 3d ult.,
from the Colonial office.
In a private letter just received from
an officer in India, he observes that, independently
of those who fell in the late
engagement, there were 2,000 of the
Sikhs drowned in attempting to cross
Sutlej.
From the London Chronicle, March ith.
Our Relations with England-?
The Effect of the Refusal to Arbitrate,?Fresh
news from America has
modified the opinions which must have
been formed on our last communications.
These suggested the probability of a
peaceful termination to the Oregon question,
and exhibited a reaction from the
violence which had accompanied the
first ventilation of the subject. They
spoke, also, of proposals which had at
least the appearance of equity and moderation
; so that, although there was
nothing in their details which Great
Britain could admit as the basis of a
compromise, there was something in the
improved tone, both of the statesmen
and journalists of America, which induced
us to hope that the more extravagant
claims might be abandoned for
either arbitration, or an equitable partition
of the disputed territory. Our hopes
upon these points were naturally en
couraged by the probable etlects of th?
late free-trade measures, These will,
undoubtedly,when known,do good work
in the way of pacification.
Important intelligence from . New
York, containing an outline of the , official
correspondence betwae a Messrs.
Pakenham, on the part of Great Britain,
and Buchanan and McLane on the part
of the United States, has presented the
subject in a new light. England, in the
eyes of Mr. Buchanan, prcoeitti a military
aspect; so much so, that America is
lustitied m inquiring into its real character.
Hereupon instructions are given
to Mr. McLane. who puts the question
frankly to Lord Aberaeen. < His lojifc