COLUMBIA. Thursday Morning. Nov. 2, 1865 The AV ar Debt* of the State. There are rather conflicting reports con? cerning President Johnson's views in rela? tion to the sincerity or loyalty of tnc people of a State, who admit as legal or binding thc debts created by that State to aid in carrying on the war. We see by a para? graph in the Charleston Ncics, that a letter received by a me Tenant of that city, from Mobile, dated October 23, says: "Thc State of Alabama repudiated the debt con? tracted during the war, under a misappre? hension that the President would require the State debts, as well as her share of thc Confederate debt, to be repudiated, before he would allow her to regain her position in the Union. President Johnson only re? quired her to repudiate that portiom of the Confederate debt which she had agreed to assume." Again, we And the following telegram in om* exchanges: "WASHINGTON. October 27_The Gover .nor of Georgia has been officially notified by the Secretary of State that the Presi? dent cannot recognize the people of any State as having resumed their relations of loyalty to the Union, who admit as legal any obligations, contracts or deute, created in their name, to promote the war of the rebellion." Tho following extract from the message of Governor Johnson, to the Legislature of Georgia, defines his position on the sub? ject, and is probably in accordance with his knowledge of President Johnson's views on the subject: "The liabilities incurred before the war is in every sense a debt, and the State is bound, by every consideration of good faith and public morality, so to regard it. and to make provision for the prompt and faithful discharge of such liability. No reasonable doubt can be entertained that sncb will be her pleasure and her action. But the debt created during the war stands on a very different basis. It is of no legal or moral obligation, because it was created to aid in the prosecution of a war of rebel? lion against tho United States. The pur? pose sought to bo accomplished waa uncon? stitutional, and all who participated in any wiso in the effort to sever the country, were violators of law, and can, therefore, set up no claim, either legal or equitable, for money advanced or for services rendered. Furthermore, these contracts, from which a liability is said to result, were made with Georgia m rovolt-with Georgia as a mem? ber of the Confederate States Government. The Government to which she then be? longed has been overthrown, and with their overthrow all Confederate debts be? came extinct. Georgia, as a component part of it, no longer exists, and her debts then incurred have, in like manner, been extinguished. She is now no longer in revolt. She is one of the States of the Federal Union, and, in her reconciliation, her alle? giance to the Government requires that the act ol secession be cancelled, and all oth&i acts done and performed in aid of the re? bellion, be declared void and of none effect. The ultimate redemption of the currency, both State and Confederate, was made dependent-in fact and in terms -upon the result of the fatal struggle. No one ex? pected payment if finally defeated in our efforts to secure independence, and, there? fore, no plighted faith is violated by a re? fusal, on the part of Georgia, to assume to pay an indebtedness dependent on the issue. The currency and the canss nourish? ed together while in life, and nov that the cause has no being, the currency that sus? tained it may well be interred in the same irravc. "To call a refusal on the part of the State to acknowledge or pay these extinct demands repudiation, is hut a perversion ol'the use of language, and presents an ap? pearance of an attempt to sustain and up? held a desperate cause by a resort to odious words and opprobrious epithets. Our bur? dens are already great, and our strength greatly diminished. Thc assumption of such a debt will still add to our weakness, impair our credit, increase our taxes, deter immigration, prevent capital from seeking aa investment among us, and will embarrass ns in a variety of ways for years to come. "To transfer this great question to the Lc "islatnro will be considered asa quasi endorsement of its justice. The Legisla? ture will have its own peculiar burdens to bear, and will be pressed with business beyond that r>f any one that has ass* rubied in our day. It will be charged with framing and passing tax laws, police laws, penal laws, laws relating to contracts, anti to all thc manifold relations of life. Such subjects will bc sufficient to consume the time and the talents of thc mc>st abb and industrious . ?men, and the public welfare will demand that to these subjects the members of the Legislature shall give th.-ir earnest, best and imdivided efforts.. Let not that body, when in session, he besieged from day to day by claimants anil their agunts and at? torneys, urging the assumption, in whole er m part, of these unconstitutional de? mande? Let the hope: id' reward in such efforts be entirely cut oil, let this overflow? ing fountain ot corruption be now and forever dried np, and let the recoid of our actum oil this subject discourage, in thc future, all premature etlbrta to overthrow a long and well-established Government. In a word, ordain solemnly and deliberately, that no Legislature, now er hereafter, shall, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, assume" to pay, in any manner, these demands, unconstitutional in their crea? tion, and many of them without even tho countenance of equity to support thom." We refer to an article from the Charles? ton 2V>i".s, em tiic same topic. It is probable that e re lung thc President's views on this subject will be clearly di line d and dis? tinctly nnderstooel. ELECTION OF CIIILF JUSTICK. -Chaneolio,. E. E. Dunkin was, un yesterday, < lected Chief Justice by the Le gislature. Election, of United State? Senator. The election of United States Senator, for the short term, took place yesterday, in the Ii6giel*ture, HOTS J? T-. Manning was elected by a large majority, and although we have thc highest respect for every can? didate or nominee in connection with the office, we must congratulate our people" upon thc selection of Ex-Governor Man? ning. Having filled thc office of Governor with the unqualified approbation of the people of the State-in all thc pobtical excite? ments which have agitated her people; clinging to thc conservative principles which have ever guided ber most prudent statesmen. Governor Manning deserves the compliment and confidence which were extended to him yesterday, in his election to the United Sfaus Senate. Iii the hands of euch men as Governor Perry and Hon. J. L. Manning, the interests of the State are well confided, and will, wc have no doubt, bo productive of the happiest results. Hedleal College of the State of South Carolina. The winter session of 1865-'66 of this time-honored institution will begin on the first Monday of November next. We are gratified to learn, during a recent visit to Charleston, that every enort is being made, on thc part of its professional corps, to secure the highest advantages for thc instruction of students. The museum, which is one, wo are told, of great value, has sustained but lit tie damage or loss, and the trifling injury which thc building sus? tained from the bombardment has lieen repaired. The dissecting room has been rc-arranged, and the demonstration of anatomy can be conducted teiiii pcituiar advantages at this time. The largo number of poor thrown upon thc community by the freeing of its slave population, has filled the hospitals with clinical material, and places this indispen? sable means of practical instruction ou a level with thc best which can bo offered at the North. With the reputation secured by the older aud the energy infused by the younger members of its professional corps, we predict for the college a large measure of success. We sincerely trust that all desiring a medical education will consider it their first duty to procure it, as far as possible, at home. Trial of Mr. Davin. Thc Washington correspondent of the New York Herald says : It is now positively known here that the trial of Jefferson Davis bas been decided upon, and the arrangements have been nearly completed. The trial will be for the crime of treason, and will take place either in thia city or Richmt nd, and before the United States Supreme Court. The counsel for the Government have been selected by the Attorney-General, and the friends of Mr. Davis have selected and retained counsel for bim. Now that thc Wriz trial is concluded, it is supposed that that of Davis will immediately follow. THE SEW GOLD CEETIFICVTES.-Consider? able talk is heard about the Herald's state? ment, that the Treasury Department was about to issue gold certificates to bc used as coin in the payment of duties. Many infatuated persons look upon it as a scheme to pay the interest o tiffi ve-two uti es and sixes or ISSI, in paper. The "goldbacks" are simply certificates to be exchanged for gold, dollar for dollar, and are intended to relieve importers and others who have been required to handle hundreds of pounds of coin monthly, from a great portion of thc risk and trouble. The larger denomina? tions of notes will bo made payable to the order of the gold depositor, and wiil be exquisitely engraved, after some of Parley's desigus, thus defying alike the counter? feiter and thc thief. They will receive the signature of the Treasurer and Register in Washington, and will be countersigned by Sub-Treasurer Van Dyck, at New York. THE FENIAN COXOKESS.-Thc Fenian Con? gress continued ;n session in Philadelphia on Monday. A complete re-organization has been effected, modelled after our Na? ti'.nal Gov? rnmont, with a President, Cabi? net, Senate and House of Representatives. Boto Houses of thc new-established Con '" ess held sessions yesterday. Col. John v .Mahony was unanimously and amidst greai cheering declared President; after which he took thc oath of office and deli? vered an address A committee was ap? pointed to draft an address embodying a rec ognition of an Irish Republic, winch is to hare a building in Now York for govern? mental purposes. There is said to be much rivalry for thc possession of Lhc bonds authorized by the Congress to be issued, which arc. now nearly, if not quite, ready for distribution, lt is thought that all the business would bi finished Tuesday. Wc an informed that Miss Carrie C. Lester, of New York, an agent and corres? pondent of Hon. Ben. Wood's paper, the Daily Nev:s, will shortly visit our city, on business, and during her ?tay will afford our citizens an opportunity of judging ol her abilities as a Shakspearcan reader. Legislature South Carolina. Tn ?"??lay. October 31, 1905. SENATE. Tho Senate met at 12 m., and the Clerk read the journal of the proceedings of yes? terday. Hon. Edward W. Charles, Senator elect from Darlington, appeared at the Clark's doak, presented hie credentials, and took his seat. The President laid before the Senate a communication from Col. Sloan, Clerk of the Convention, enc.oeingacopy of resolutions, adopted by the Convention, requesting the General Assembly to have tho Consti? tution of the State, adopted by the Conven? tion, together with the several ordinances and resolutions passed, published with the acts and resolutions ?f the General Assem? bly, at it? next session; which was referred to the Committee on Accounts and Vacant Offices. The Special Joint Committee, to which was referred the ditagreement of the House of Representatives to the proposition of the Senate to chango thc place of meeting of the Senate to College Library, beg leave to report: That they have considered the matter, and recommend that the Sonata hold it? session in the CoUege Library. Mr. Arthur was appointed to the Com mittee on thc Judiciary, and the Committee on College. Education and Legislative Library. Mr. Reid to thc Committee on Roads and Buildings, and the Committee on Accounts, Vacant Offices and Printing. Mr. Charles to thc Committee on Finance and TRs-pVi?. ?.ml to the Committee cn Com? merce, Manufacture, and Mechanic Arts. Mr. Arthur offered a resolution, which was agreed to, that it be referred to the Judiciary Committee to inquire and report whether thc offices of Treasurer of tho Upper and Lower Divisions have been abolished by the provisions of the new Constitution providing for a single Trea? surer for the entire State. The Senate joined the House in a baUot for United States Senator. Adjourned. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. The Clerk called the roll, the Speaker took the Chair, and thc proceedings were opened with prayer by the Rev. Dr. Rey? nolds. Thc Speakei laid before the House a communication from John T. Sloan, Clerk of the Convention, enclosing resolutions adopted by that body, requesting tho pub hcation ot its. proceedings with the acts and resolutions of tho Geueral Assembly; which was referred to the Committee on Public Printing. Mr. R. S. Duryea, a member from Charleston, appeared, produced his creden? tials, was sworn, and took his seat. Mr. Leitner presented the petition ot the Camden Bridge Company, praying for time to rebuild theil bridge over th?.1 Watereo River. Mr. Todd presented the petition of Juhn S. Puckett and John Cunningham, praying the recevrai of charter for ferry across Sa? luda River. Mr. Browning introduced a resolution, which was agreed to, that it bo referred to the Committee on tho Judiciary to inquire and report if SOUK legislation is not neces? sary -nd exp?dient to prevent owners of plantations from allowing their former slaves ami ether bec negroes from settling upon their premises and planting lands, paying only a nominal rent. Mr. IVag?uer introduced a bill for the en? couragement of European immigration, and ! for the appointment of a Commissioner, I and for other purposes therein expressed; I which was read th? first time, and was re? ferred to the Committee on Agriculture. j Mr. Siogling introduced a resolution, which was agreed to, that the Committee on Privileges and Elections be instructed to prepare and report a bill providing tor the election of Electors of President and vice President of the United States in the State \ of South Carolina !>y tho people. Mr. Lord introduced a resolution, which was agreed to. that it be referred to tho Committee en the Judiciary to inquire and report as to ti-J expediency of so altering the law cf evidence, in thia State, as to make the parties to suits, either in the Courts of Equity ol Law, competent wit? nesses; and in cases of misdemeanor, to enable the defendant to testify, when the prosecutor is produced as a nitucss on thc part of the State. Mr. Mulvaney introduced a resolution, which was agree;! io, that it be referred to the Judiciary Committee to inquire and report whether any. and if so, what addi? tional legislation is necessary for the pur >ose of more effectually carrying out the aw, called tho Urn ur ir, and with a view to an extension of its provisions Mr. Moore introduced a resolution, which was agreed to, that it be referred to the Judiciary Committee tu inquire and report what changes, if any, in thc law ol' evi? dence, is rendered necessary by the de? struction of the public records by the enemy, in their passage through ibis State in the early part af tin present year. Mr. Preasley intr xluced a resolution, which was agreed to, that it bi- raferredto the Committee ou Load?, Bridges ?.nd Ferries, to inquire into tin: expediency of changing the mw, in thia State, in regard to working thc public rea ls, so as to have tlc. werk dom by contract. Mr. Talley hitrodUVed a bili to ann nd an A' i, entitled "An Act te alter ?lie law in relation to last willa anil testament.), and for ot her purp? ses." ratified 21st .' >eccmbor, A. D. 1858; which was ..cul the first time, and was referred to th? Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. Walsh introduced a resolution, which was agreed to. that it be referred to thc Judiciary Committee to inquire and report whether or not any legislation is necessary in relation Co the ?ftici of Tax Collector, in those Election Districts fi innerly consisting of separate l arishes. each having its Col lectoi. Mr. Eeitt introduced a resolution, which was agreed to, that it b referrecl to thc Judiciary Committee to inquire and report upon the expediency of inserting a clause in the (..'ode to tilt following elliot, viz: That no person shall Lire a servant except said servant has a e< rtificate of discharge from his form, r master, the Judge of the District Court or Magistrate, under a penalty of one hu,'.ired dollars tine and six months imprisonment. Mr. Simonton introduced a resolution, which wau agreed to. that the Committee of Ways and Moans be instructed to inquire and report if any means jan bo provided for the payment" to public officers of some part of thc salaries due them, at an early Uav. The resolution in reference lo adjourn ment to Charleston was ordered to bc laid on the. table. Adjourned. TS?XN'G CoNFEDEBATES EOE TREASON'. The Loni?v?lo Journal says that, as to the trying of Lee and his confederates for treason, convicting and exeeuting them, the case is very simple and very plain. The Government can't do it. P has been estopped from it by its own solemn acts.^ It pledged its honor, its faith, everything it has to pledge, that it would do nothing of this kind ; that it would not .* disturb" the surrendering parties so long as they should keep their paroles and observe the laws where they might reside. That was the bargain. It was clearly expressed, clearly understood. No cloud of words can clog it, no logical subtleties evade it, and no political legerdemain can ever deceive any honest mind as to "the nature of the con? tract or thc duties incumbent upon the contractors. Our Government, we feel sure, will religiously observe its faith, its loyalty, and preserve untarnished its honor, its good name and fair fame in thc prem? ises. All the rivers of earth could not wash out the stains it would bofou? itself with by a contrary course. How any decent sane ia an can wish the Government thus to make itself everlastingly execrable, volun? tarily to place thc brand of infamy upon its own forehead, is to ns utterly incompre? hensible. It is a moral or rather immoral phenomenon which we can explain only by referring it to tho irrational. FLORIDA.-It baa been often said that this beautiful State is the only place in the Union where a poor man can lire, and the following extract from a letter lately re? ceived by the Savannah Republican leads us to think there is truth in the remark. The Utter is dated at Marion C. H.> October ll, and the extract is as follows : And now for the prices current in this section. Com 40 to 50 cents por bushel ; bacon 20@25c. per flt,.; butter 20I-T. CHARLESTON, CHARLESTON, S. C., October 4, lb(>5. Col. Jain?* Beecher, Commanding Second Sub-District. COLONEL: The Brevet Brigadier-General Commanding dirocts that you revoke the paragraph in your order, in which you authorize t!ie organization of colore d men as militia. Since tho establishment of peace. Gen. Gillmore has discontinued the organization of a military force of colored men, anti disapproved, last June, a requi? sition from General Hatch for arms for a company of colored men raised in this city. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. MILTON THOMPSON, Capt. 33d U. S. C. T., and A. D. C. Tie. medical department of the Freed? men's Bureau estimates that it has about 7,000 sick .md helpless ne groes unde r its care anel treatment throughout the South? ern State .-, the number of such de pendents averaging about 600 to each state. Xiocal Items. The sale advertised by Messrs. Darbee A Walter ?o take place this dav, at tb ecru r of Washington and Gates streets is post? poned until further notice. JCSTPUDMSHED.-The Sack and Destruc? tion cf thc City of Columbia, originally published in the Columbia Phoenix. A pamphlet edition of thc above bas just been is sued and is for sale at tbis office price SI a copy. "Cotfcon Blanks'" and permits- indi??p?a able to all persons purchasing or ?hippin? cotton-?an be obtained at this office CALNAN St KBEUDEB.- These gentlemen, at their store on Gervais street, have one of the largost and best assorted stocks of groceries, provisions, wines, ales, Ac, that wo have seen our market snppked with for some time. Indeed, it would do credit to the good old days of abundant railroad communication, and of prosperity in all the interests of the country. House? keepers can supply themselves abundantly at their establishment, and we advise them to call and examine for themselves. It is an elegant stock and of large variety. 1 MESSBS. EDITO BS: I have ever felt * deei) interest in the once beautiful capita! of our State, and though now in "sack? cloth and ashes,"' and myself scarcely a citizen of thc place, I still feel an earnest desire for her welfare. I shall, therefore, take the liberty to suggest' a great im? provement-one that will coat nothing, and may save a few hundred dollars, as well as be a great convenience to all who traverse our streets. First, throw away ail names ot streets and adopt numbers. For thc streets running North and South, com? mence next thc irrer, in this way: 1st street, 2d street, 3d street, Ac. Ac. to the end of tho chapter. Then turn tho other way on the streets running East and West, com? mence at tho South end of the city, 1st avenue, 2d avenue, 3d avenue, Ac. Ac Avenue is very appropriate to those streets, as they mostly have three rows of beautiful trees running through them. With this plan, no one, stranger .><. citizen, will ever bc at a loss to know where he is, and that without inquiry, if tho crossings are properly marked: and thc marking can be done at one-tenth thc ex? pense of that now required, which would requite ai least two lettered boards at every crossing in the city. Now the numbers need no boards, nor, indeed, an artist, but only a man that knows his letters. Fur? nish any person of that kind with the tn'i figures and the two letters S and A, cut i:; sheet copper, and he is equipped tor mark? ing ; xe whole v?ity, and that tn a ve ry short time and very trilling expense. The figures and letters should be largo and bold--at least eight inches long. A little Mack paint and brush doe* ihp work completely. The process is so cheap and simple that, in the absence of a building, a plank fence, brick wall, or even a paling, is all sufficient for the number required. Hoping our city fathers will approve and adopt instanter, ? rema.n yours truly, \V. NEW AnTEUTisEMrNTs. - Attention is cull? ed to the following advertisements, which ar? published for the rirst time this morn? ing: Nomination ol' Dr. Talley io: Mayor. Joseph Bates- Mule Stedt n. E. E. Jackson -Druggist anet Apothee'y. J. McKe nzie-Confectionary, Ac. Hanahan ft Warley-Dry Goods. '? "-Fish. J. G. Gibbes-Groceries, Ac. Miss S. G. Hnntt--School Notice G. T. Mason-Confederate Baptist TUE HOUSE CLERK'S POSITION DETENED. By the law passed at the last se-ssiou of Congress, the Clerk of the House, holding over from the last Congress, on reading the roll of members epiabiied to go into the election of a ?Speaker, is restricted to " those only who shall have been regular? ly elected under the laws <>f Cemgress or the several States." It is now said, upon radical republican authority, that Mr. Mc? Pherson, tba Clerk of the' last Congress, upon whom will devolve the initial authori? ty, ad its presiding officer, in the organiza? tion of Hie new House, has declared that he will not place upon the official !if-t ol members, any person claiming to be elected from a State:" that has been in rebellion against thc Government, inasmuch as he regareis any sue:, person as not coming within thc pale of the aforesaid law lt such is the decision of Mr. McPherson, we know where he be longs, and that he i the radical candidate for a re-election. I Kern York IltraM FROM NEW ORLEANS.- -Governor Weils in? actively organizing thc State militia. Most of the; officers appointed were promin? nt in the Confederate army. In reply to a communication from G . vernor Wells in n gari to the threatened negro insurrection in North Louisiana, General Canby says he will order an addi? tional white force te> Shreveport, that ar? rangements have been made to disabuse tho negroes of many wrong inipn ssions imposed upon them. General Fullerton has requested the police to arrest all vagrant negroes, and turn them over to the provost marshal. Gew. Johnson, of Georgia, requests ti. President to retain the military in that State until the- militia arc organized. Thc last rebel prisoner of war at Elin.: .i left on Tuesday, and the post is closed.