"COLUMBIA. Tuesday Morning, October 24,1865. _J -'r^z" Thc Finances. Thc condition of flic national finances-is seriously engaging the at? tention' of Nortkero statesmen and editors. The currency is by all-ad? mitted to bc in exe>-?s of tho demands of the legitimate business of the country, a condition which engenders ?i wild spirit of sp?culation, puts up i the price of all kinds of property, and enhances immensely the eo:-t of living. Secretary McCuIloch V.?vo cutes, as it means of reducing the unhealthy redundancy, and a return t > specie payment, the funding of the legal tender notes, ?nd will doubtless recommend such a moasr.ro to tho next Congress. 3nt the Kew York H mid takes issue with the Secretary on this point, and deprecates as mitch a contraction as a greater expansion of the currency, -and asserts that con? traction would be disastrous, and that none but the fund-hoLIeys or oond holders would be benefited by it. Tue Herald says "the only way to get ont of the difficulty is by lotting the cur? rency akone. Neither expand nor contract i^" Time will work the cure. The amount of paper money in circu latrou to-day is not more than will bc needed ten or fifteen years hence. Our population will be fifty to sixtj millions, our wealth doubled, om trade trebled, probably, and the amount of precious metals vastly in creased. Every year, the currency will become gradually, safely ant' * healthfully appreciated, and at tin end' of fifteen years, if not before! gold and paper will be at par fron: natural ?causes and without any finan cial revulsion. This is the plan? wt propose; and we call upon the t'resi dent and statesmen of the country t< ? adopt it. Let us have no tinkering with such a delicate and importan matter, but let its sohi?pn be left t< tile operation of natural causes." Thc Richmond Times agrees wit! the Herald, that there should be u< tinkering with the currency, and tha any attempt to contract it by fnndinj would he dangerous; but there is ai agent, whick seem:-, to have* bee; overlooked or ignored, which, in con junction with ?the growth of th country and its increase of busines .and e&port and import duties, mus surely bring our paper money to pa value. Our internal revenue tax which '.increases pwi passv. with th ' growth and business o? the .covintrj and with the lapse of eacl. year' eu braces-a greater number oi subject: is. after all, the true source tb whic vv uuist look' for relief from ot financial troubles, irs operation certain, and ii were possible nov/ 1 calculate the period within which v ill entirely wipe out the nation dr.b{;-but ii this means is considere tardy, ti ic ri4 is but one other by whit th currency can be contracted wit' bul financial convulsions and disn ; :>. and that is-dir qt tax-- a moan .V . t.?v?. it. iioi lo hf thought - >3 : ? "\cr. .- > st ?on as th? . opl. . that the currency is to helot alon ?md discover that the natura: in.".el .. iuess, Jingo as ii appears, i^ ?ul i i:i-jgeable by the incoaiparab re* arew o' ti country, sr. is being Readily reduced, as it'h h- .-, within the past month, th. confidence, which, siter all, is t! v ry iii'e stud essence of paper moue \. ?1 be full sind entire, and they.w be conten? to wait patiently, unt by iii* growth < four population a bi?siui s and the gradual absorpti by taxation, our currency ?hall brought back permanently to er? V!. h.-. . T1:*J Washington RepvMimn sa in speaking of tis-- late Connects ejection, tksli the lazy campaign : nagari-, or..tor-, and journalists o? "S <_ [>v e.elauh. i.av-. a o' . ?.. ; . . ^Dcath of General Jone?. We regret exceedingly to hear of the- death of General James .Tones, at Graniteville, cu Thursday last. His death was very .sudden, and, ?is far as we eau. learn, from apoplexy. Gene? ral Jones has occupied many impor? tant positions in the State, and. his death will ho lamented by ?his nume? rous friends, lie served for years as Adjutant-General of thc State ; for a series of years as Chairman of the ''Board of Visitors" to the Military Academies of South Carolina, and later,.as tlie (Soinmissioner ot' the New State House. Tu all these- offices he, gave satisfaction, and was highly re? spected and esteemed. Thc- Congrcsslona' Out*?. Tho New York*7V????.<, the spceial drg.ui of Secretary Seward, and edited by the Hon. Henry J. Raymond, a member of the next Congress, and prominent for the Speakership, eon tains, in a recent issue, along article, '.aider .the above caption, some ex? tracts from which we give below: We are glad to note in the Congres? sional canvass of Virginia there is a general disposition to leave the- lield exclusively to candidates who can take the stringent Congressional oath that they have never participated in the rebellion. Out of the eight Congres? sional Districts, five have candidates i anning who can all meet the Con? gressional requirement. But in thc I Aecomac District. - the Lynchburg j District, and the Charlottesville Dis I trict there are candidates who avow that they will not and cannot take the oath, and yet eliliin that if elated Congress cannot and will not refuse to admit them. In this last district A.. H. H. Stuart, Secretary of. Interior under Mr. Fillmore, being a candi? date, declares his inability to .take tlie oath, yet defies Congress to keep him j .out. if elected. He asserts that tlie j oath is unconstitutional, and that the , Republican party will never dav"' to make practical application of it. In all kindness, we advise Mr. i Stuart, anil those whom he seeks to j represent, to act upon no snell as- j sumption. It is morally certain that j no man will Beschnittet to a seat hi the next Congress who does not take ? the oath required by existing laws. The applicant's opinion that tlie law ' is unconstitutional will not help him. j Congress acts upon jts own opinions. ! Tho Constitution of the United States ! declares that' "each House shall be j the judge of the elections, returns j and qualifications of its own members." j The House of Representatives will ? exercise that ' exclusive power, andi beyond all question will exercise it in j conformity with the statute of 1862. | The constitutionality of that measure ' was fully discussed at the time of its \ passage, and was affirmed by a very I large majority i:i ? both branches of j Congress. The arguments which I ..wore conclusive then*ave as conclusive j nov/. The reas m for the application of the statuts is still as strong as ever. . j The Southern people, :': they have any wiso regard for their own inter- ; ests. will respect the laws of the land. : and refuse to give their votes to cjto*.t ?didateufor Congress who they k?fvl! I are not entitled by law to hold scats 1 in Congress?. Arrogant claims will ; only recoil against them. They will bc take'.: as ewlciice of ?able temper, iustiee than ru.}. ;rn Jam. s L. Orr. Li- ? ?:-?>: '.(, - ...... AV. D. : Sen i or-HZ. V.". Charles. R.*pr"se-Ui. 'V. P. Port McCants, G."?. * ' Repressen atives-V?. J. Alston, 301; j James li. Aiken, ^s: Baylis E. Elkin, li1 io. * ? Wade Hampton. GO'.): I.. Orr, 814. Senator-G. F. Townes? 5S1 ; Jamos McCnilough. 315. Represenlatires-y?. H. Perry, 700; J. H. Goodwin, us.1; H. I'. Hanimet, r>yC; W. P. Prie . 45)3; T. (,>. Donald I son, 440; S. E. Westmoreland. 427. Four Representatives elected. ! 2?EWBERK? DISTRICT.- -G'on .-/....? THE POLICY rs ALABAMA.'-The Huntsville Advocate is. satisfied with the action of the.S^ate Convention, ?ind thinks that it remains in the hands*of the "people to say whether they shal] have peace and return to prosperity. Closing an article on thc subject, it justly remarks; "What renmins now to restore .Alabama to the confidence of the Go? vernment and its fostering care, is for tho people to actively endorse snd support what the Convention has done; to send members to the Legis? lature who will j ass Jaws 'to protect the' freedmen of the State in#he full enjoyment of ?all their rights of per? son and property;'and who will ratify tho proposed amendment to the United States Congress; and to send men to Congress who can take the .oath, and thus bc admitted. These are as indispensable to the restoration of the Stat?' as -anything the Conven? tion has done. The people now sec and realize the results of secession, and they aro prepared and anxious, we think, to ?lo what is yet necessary to get bael: to the old ark of safety and prosperity and happiness-thc I Union, and to placentae State in the hands of those in whom the Govern ! ment reposes confidence as its tried, true, affirmative -friends and defend? ers. These things done, wc behove the day will then soon arrive when the people will be left unmolested by the military, under their own vines and fig trees."' IMPORTANT TO OW2?BKS OF LA?D OccrriEi> EY FREEDMEN.-The follow? ing order has been promulgated by the War Department : WAK Dm ? TMEXT, . ADJVTA- GEXEKAE'S < ?FFICE, WASHIX NT, Oct. 9, 18G5. General Orders Ah. 145. Whereas, certain tracts of lane situated on tho coast of South Caro? lina, Georgia and Florida, at the tim* for the most part vacant, were sei apart by Major-General W. T. Sher man's special field orders. No. 15, foi the benefit of freedmen that had con gregated by the operations of war. o: had bi?en left io take care of them selves by their former owners; anc whereas, an expectation was therebj created that they would bc abb to retain possession of said lands and whereas, a Luge number of tin former owners are earnestly sohcitin; the restoration of the same, and pro raising to absorb the labor and cari of the freedmen. It is ordered, That Major-Genera Howard, Commissioner of the Burea; of liefugees*Freedmen and Abandon ed Lands, proceed to '.he several abov named States, and endeavor to effec an arrangement mutually satisfacior to the freedmen and the land-owners and make a report. And, in case mutually satisfactory arran gemeu can be effected, he is duly empowei ed and directed to issue such order as may become "necessary, after a fu and . careful investigation of th interests of thc parties concerned. By order of the President of th United States: E. D. TOWNSEND, Assistant Adjutant-General. . AJETAZES IN* LOX.'DO'I COTXTY, VA. A letter from Leesiurg, Va., to th Alexandria Gazelle, contains the fo ?owing: Cur com crops aro inagnifieenl and the lamentation-is that then- ai no hogs to eat it; those animals brin fabulous prices"! suppose from 81 to $1G per hundred pounds, and : public .?'.L's even-nore. Corn wi noe mle "higher than t&i per bbl. (< live bushels.) and probably in. ti: countrv South of Lwibiireu?d-SnicJ ersviileTurn?ikello:^.. ?... more tan $2.50. quality is very i?eh:*eivut. and Jir> rate flour very hardi ) get. Hutt* is retaih d at from ?Tf.j ?to -hi c?nis i lieesbui'g. Apples hero ave'noni potatoes a pr?t:;.- Hir crop, aud on si Perryville, Connecticut, have beerie ?trial in the Superie} Court, sitting Hartford, for allegjd riot Sn tearii down a Coniederatj flag which Sil. H. Caning:-..a. o: Iristol, erecter. < his premises, on nh^ -lay of Mr. Li coin's funeral. Sii days were bec pied hi hearing exdence and avg raents ijf conns? !. Mh*,ri the case w submitted to the i.uv. who returnee verdict of -'not guibr" on the char; of riot, ao?n-ri?ting &'? o: ihn defen ants ?n this zharjo. ?hey xotf COST OF THC WAE AND THE RE? SOURCES or THE COTOTRXJ-Hie Wash? ington correspondent of the Chicago Tribune has figured up the cost of the rebellion. The public debt before the war was ?90,S67,828. On the first of July last, it was $2,757,253,275. The receipts of the Government dur? ing the war. exclusive of loans, &c.,* were ?73S. 740,781. It is estimated, however, that before the war balance can be fairly struck, the national debi?1 will .swell up to $3,000,000,000, and that thc actual amour t expended in. j suppressing the rebellion was abol?t ! $3.350,000.000, or-an average of about i $838*000,000 a year. The expend? tures, of the first year of tlie war were about $475.008,000;? in the second. 8679,000,000; in thc third. ?916,000, 000; in the fourth. 81.215.000,000. The total expenditures of the Navy Department during the lour years of the war was about ?#50,000,000, and that ot the War Department al .-ont ?2,650,000,000, of which, the Quarter? master's Department alone expended about the sum of $1,409,000,000. The interest on the public debt on September. 1st. was ?138,000,000. Supposing the principal to bb in? creased to 3,000,000.000. the interest will be, say, 144,000,000. It is esti- i mate d that the annual expenses of the War Department for the future-sup ; posing the effective" strength of the army to be about 125,000 men-will ; be full ? 100,000,000; the expenses of the Navy Department, ?25,000,000, and for the civil .service, including pensions, etc., ?G1,000,000-making the aggregate amount of expendi? tures required $341,000,000. To meet this great expense; the in? ternal revenue receipts will annually amount to ?324,000, (?00; and the re? ceipts from customs to 76,000,000 making the annual receipts ?400,000, 000. This, after paying the annual demands *pon the Treasury, will leave ?00.000,000-which sum, it" is believed, can be annually applied to? wards the payment of the national debt, . . _ The most startling news of the day is the theatrical rebellion against the New York Herald. Barnum and Ma rctzek have organized an army of eleven theatrical managers, who have unanimously resolved ,that they will not patronize tlie Herald. There are tobe no more free tickets, noiinore privileged seats, no more champagne suppers or advert?-in.g for the excom? municated Bennett. Barnum aryl Maretzek having been long since re? fused admission into the advertising columns of the Herald, have persuaded seven other theatrical managers to keep -their company in the cold. They boast that the Herald will lose fifty thousand dollars by the withdrawal of their patronage, und that they have got Bennett fairly down this time. But we will bet live ?to one on Ben? nett flogging out the whole concern, mermaids, learned seals, bull-frogs and all. before tho winter season j closes. During the last tweuty*years we have seen a large number of enter? prising parties get that "%'ary old Scotchman down, but after a great deal of rough, fighting we have gene? rally seen Bennett get up and shake himself like a*terrier who lias just managed to kill his List rat '"inside of five minutes/' About two months ago, when the sagacious old?Scoteh coon permitted the luckless Maretzek TO toss and worry him for it long time without even showing his teeth, we knew full well tiiat in due season he-would give his assailant such a bite that he would bellow a i loud as a bull of Bashan. And we were not far wr??g. ..There is cverv reason to "no-..e that peace-abroad as well as ut home - will ba th" leading aim of President Johnson's policy. Few would hav? ?xpected that one who denounced re* beilion so sternly would display such moderation and humanity in thc hour son would prov? capable of rising so far above party influences. Perhaps Mr. Johnson kimsslf, like his prcde :essor, Mr. Liucoln, hardly foresaw :he mellowing effi cl ol responsibility ipon his earlier views, and would 'reeiy admit that, in his short expe? dience of office, he has both learned md forgotten mtvh. This power of .arid self-adaptation is an eminently American virtue, and it has infinitely acilitated the work of pacification in he South." 0 are to tlie lOtl) i Domingo i President (' - -. - Ijocal It? Mr. Cutt ino advertises that he is selling off. Se* his terms. Wc have been requested to s-t.i(e thai stamped envelope** can bo obtained at the I?ost ellice. ".Cotton Bianka" and psrn?tc-indispen? sable to til persons purchasing er shipping cotton-carfbe obtained r.? this oibce. < Ean?i.oY3iEST.-Eight or'ti e. good print? ers cau^obtain employment in this oS5ee, during the approaching session of the Legislature; * CASI;.-We wish it distinctly understood that our teraisTorsnbscription. advertising and job work are cashf The money r-iust in every ease accompany orders, or they mill not hr attended to. Hus mle applies nib FIXE ARTS.-We refer our readers to tho advertisement "f Mr. Lawrence L. Coln n. Mr. Cohen is a thorongh artist, having spent five years a*, the beat schools in Europe, and is the recipient of medals, diplomas arti] ottiernumerous compliment* to his ability and proficiency; * Hie card of Messrs. C. N. Averill & ti>-:\, of Charleston, will ho found in another c<> I lumu. The senior member of the. finn ha s i been engaged in the forwarding and com? mission business forbears, and*, we believe, has given gcnerol satisfaction. Their com? missions for forwarding are oi:lv ten cents per package. Wno is TO BLAME?-Constant complaints are being made by subscribers along tho lines of the railroads of the non-reception of their papers. Our "worthy postmaster will please look into thc matter, as the pa - pera are regularly sent from our office. PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY.-WO visited thc photographic gallery of II: Weam, Esq., a. few days since, and found bim busily en? gaged in multiplying faces from living originals. His stock of materials is com- . plets, atnl his ?pictures, for artistic execu? tion and faithful portraiture, are equal to any taken North or South. Our visiting friends, for the next few tvecks, should visit the gallery, on Assembly street. "SEW FIRST*-Messrs Hahahan & Warley, old residents of this District, have opened a forwarding and commission agdney in this city, and promise to attend faithfully to all orders in their lim . They have, also on hand a large and fresh stock of groce? ries. Ac., to which they invite thc insp< ci? tion of the public, with thc firm c mviotion that thc most fastidious taite can be suited. V,Y are indebted t<> thi s.- gentlemen a liberal sample >?'.' their stock, consisting of choice salmon Afresh and pickled -lobst? rs, Java- coffee, ale, Cabinet whiskey, ?Sc., to which ample justice -va? d'.me. and univer? sa] satisfaction expressed, by the Phi?niz establishment. May their store always bc crowded with po;/ ensiomers, and their pocket:. 1><- rafRdly-filled, is or.r i-arnest wish. HARDWARE.-It seems t<. tts that at th:-, time, v.*i.-n thc saw and hammer ari- t?? bo bearii in every portion of the city,'that nothing can be more wanted with us than a large and well-assorted stool; of hard? ware; and., being under that impression, it is with groat pleasure that wc bring to !!:e notice of thc public inc advertisement the obi and responsible ?'nu cf Edgerton A Richards, Nos. :)2 and VA Broad street, Charleston, who bring to the view of our ?.cadi ;A one of the largest stocks, and'of xs gr- aft variety, r.s ha,' been land, t? ja Charleston, for ruany y< ars.- Mr. G. M. Leitch, for several years connceiedwith tho hardware business, and w. '.] known for h is Cor. Bull A Washington st?, p. ..?." !'. v ( ?u-Ano. Seiiiug < ?:?:. Edgei unt? hi.ha.-ds- H:ir?wav<. Le; ".-. Isrile Government, Vier, -ty. E. J. Sett. Eso.-For State Tr? a ..:*.. IA ?V.:uv>V. -Yeast Powder. " " - lintier and Lava. is ' -Wines sitd Liquor:-: Hiejiihan ?V Wariev-Gr?ci vies, C. N. Av. rill A s-.ii- .Cnn. Merchant.-'. O. G. Parsley A ( o import's Merchants. Hanahan .\ Wariey -Com. Merchants. Valuable Plantation i.> Richland for Sale. L. L. ( .Mien -Drawing. Paintinjr. Ac. M. Winsiiiek-Dry Goodi;. ?cc. .Tc .: Wa tie; ?( kima agains^Asybjr.i. LOOK Orr KOP. Coe iTEiapEirs.- Wc? earn from a sonre? entirely reliab?s hat counterfeit five dollar 'Treasury totes, and fifty cents postal currency >ills. both badly executed, hutcajcu tti.l to Arceive the unwary, are eir u!utin.?_'. in Newbem. Et is said that ity is i'nll *of thora. Thc statement i sffich as to authorize as in warning, ur readers to "OG rircunispecs when