8aturd?y Morning, July 29, T.865.
We'welcome the return of our excellent
Major, James Qi Gibbes, Esq., from
his publie mission to Washington, oa the
part of the people of Richland District
and of the municipality of the city of
Columbia. He has performed his mission
with propriety and success. He repre?
sents the tone of President Johnson, ia
regard to South Carolina, to be higHly
grateful and encouraging, and* thinks that I
there will be no doubt of her being put.
reclus in curia and right in position among
ber well be lo v od sisters. In reja rd to the
expressions of President Johnson in d?
coursing of South Carolina to South'Caro?
linians, he reports that nuthing could be,
more courteous, friendly or sympathizing,
and leads us to the conviction that sundry
of the reported speeches of, and confe-.
renc?s with, the President, in which this
poor little State was handled without.
glove?, wer* the mean, dirty little" invei
tions of mean, dirty little (dogs, of one
breed or other
Mongrel,"]iuppy. whelp nnd hound,
Aud curs of low degree*
The powers awarded to Gov. Perry are
quite as ample aa those yielded ?in the
case of any State, and no design is enter?
tained on any part of subjecting her to
any liars?er usage or giving her any colder
cpasiderafion than becomes her equal
rank with all other: in the Union. To
Gov. Perrj-, the address of thc Pr^sideut
was especially considerate ?nd compli?
mentary. Nor, in the extension of his
journey as far as New York, did Mr
Gibbes meet with any discouragement"
Bave that which grew out of the disquali
fying twenty thousand dollar penal clause,
as embodied in the President's proclama,
tion. But we have spoken of Udsamatter
already, and content ourselves here with
renewing the expressed hope that the
clause will bc abrogated. Mr. Gibbes re
presents money to be abundant, and the
facilities of trstle and discount to be na
great, ia ail respects, as could be desired.
The temper of the Northern people was
becom'tii; dai'.y'mora sane and humane;
the wm- madness is vihsiding; aud though
the drum were still beating, and Bky-*
rocketing and junketting still went on?
while valiant editors, it is true, were
still kicking the dead lion or deud dog,
and txhibiting wonderful audacity in thc
perfcrmauce, yet, aitoget-'uei, thc oommuni
tfes were toning down? to a condition ap?
proximating reason; showing a wholesome
diire to regard the Southern people as
customers and dealers, producers and con?
sumers, rather than ruere^traitois and
kickets. In the course of afew ruonths.it is
quite probable we shall feel all our necks
secure, unless, indeed, Governor Brownlow
should undertake a tour in this directiou,
in which event not a few of us would have
to take to the swamps-Mr. Gibbes possi-*
b!y among the fugitives. Briefly, from
the. report of Mr. Gibbc6, tho sooner every
man, woman and child goes to work in
the South the better-each according to
his vocation. We shall thus be enabl?d
the sooner to extract the 8un-"ueams from
our cucumbers.
HOUSE-BUILDING.-The click of the ham.
ra cr sounds all about us. Houses are
going jip in Columbia ia all directions, i
* aud though inaDy of the6e houses are not j
such as we prefer, yet, io this 6eason of
small things, they may be accepted as
auguries of a more prosperous.future. We j
note lone brick houses of permanent-de?
sign and solid structure. Our people are
to consfder themselves very much as out?
casts from a foundered vessel on a desert
shore. We must gather from fae beach
all the plank and timber, and in rude
hats begiu anew the work of the archiUct.
In a'few years the marble structure will
occupy the place of the log cabin.
JeffersoJ^Davis is reported to be in such
a declining state that he is Dot expected to
survive long;? We will m/ike a long ex
tract in regard to him, in a day or twp,
.from the New York Herald,
Tho French remedy for staring in the
streets is good. If you regard a gentle?
man longer or more closely than polite?
ness warrants, he takes off his hat to yon.
An Englishman or Yankee would remark:
"I h'bpe, sir, you will kuow me again."
de^ien negroes were sent enced at Savan?
nah,on Friday, to six mor. tbs' imprison?
ment and ti firle of ?500 each, for pc'jury,
th?'y hading ewora falsely ?grsiasl oce
h er ry V al bridge
m map-wu m - i ?^gggtwygggggg***** 111
. To. the Great Gorman People.
an.
.The country is characterized by every
sort and quality of land. It will produce
almost, every variety.-of grain, and in
abundance. Even under the semi-barba
rous kind of labor pursued by the n?jro,
where as little is done as possible, and as
small an amount of intellect ?3 employed
as possible, the returns are yet adequate
to the ensy support of the #hole popula
tion, and afford usually a surplus for
foreign ' export. Lands are to be found
which produce in corn from 6?x to sixty
bushels per acre. The average production
is probably not more than eight bushels
^er acre throughout the State. Yet, under
a liberal and intelligent culture, I have
known sixty bushels to have been .pro?
duced. The price of corn, iu average
districts and years, is'between-sixty cents
and one dollar. .These are'the usual
extremes of cost. Ia the light soils,
which produce but eight or ten bushels to
the acre, the total result is greatly in?
creased by the larger number of acron
I planted to the band. Thus a farmer in
I the middle or sandy districts will plant.
I twelve acres of corn (hld twelve, of colton
i to the hand, and several other things
I besides, such as peas, potatoes, rice, sor?
ghum and the stn.di grains, as wheat, rye,
and oats. But. the small grains are very
much neglected. .Barley and buckwheat
are rarely sown; and though ou most ol
the large plantations there are fields ol
i wheat, rye and oats, *yet these b?ar nc
I proportion to the other crops. Corn (zea
-Indian maize) is the chief article ol
breadstuff's for uian and beast; wheat i:
next to it. The culture of outs ia very
much in the back ground; and an acre-or
two of turnips-Dutch, "rough,""or ride
baga-satisfies "the farmer. This turni|
"patch." as it is called, is usually "cow
petiucd" or manured, by pasturing. As r
general rule, and until a late period
manures were very little known or used
and of the manufacture of manure the
people knew little, and s-emed to car?
less. Latterly, there has been improve
ment iii this respect, but it is eti 11 to<
greatly neglected. The farmer usually
relied upon a? perpetual change of land
now for old, or an alternation, year bj
year, iu the cultivation of his Sehls. H>
rested his lands for a year or t?o, in orde.
*to their recuperation. This necessitate!
tl^e keeping of larger bodies of land that
any good German farmer would ever re
quire. Here' new land aud an exeessiv
! usc of thc plow is the practice. Toplougl
I uud reap, and, ;?s the land become* im
i poverished, to abandon the old fields an
clear new ones, is the ruinous course. /
I field is abandoned as soon as it is "ivor
out." The phrase, "Woru ort land,"
never heard until I came to thess, Soutb
em States, where the peopli have mo'
lauyls than they well know what to il
willi. There- is no pains-taking for th
I preservation, preoaratiou. stimulation c
j,ecouornjhof laud, ali implied in oitinurio
and proper cultivation. Thc soil requin
as much feeding as the man or beast tht
J cultivates it; yet this important truth bi
too rarely receives consideration. Witt
the land can yield ne more, by its ow
spontaneous virtue, they bid it farewel
lt is "worn out," and the people eitlr
open new fields In contiguous or ?lepa
for distant places-especially to the Sont
west, which they wear out in turn, and
f hort ?time, by the same profligate pra
tice. The good German farmer will tal
this "worn out" land, get it probably
almost nominal prices, from fifty cents
five dollars per acre} and mate it rich at
prolific by h?3 economic culture, in tl
space .of three years. He known too wi
how to value '.'and, nnd will make tl
small earnings which he brings from hon
or his little patrimony, bring him
money's worth for all that he bm
! wt.ether in land or cattle. His thrift a
j industry are the very qualities which ha
I been little valued here. And this inn
pnciation of these virtues has been t
! result, in most part, of a very sloven
and careless sort* of labor-that of t
negro. The school of German farming,
which our people have been raised, w
by the judicious employment of man ur
the coustant pains-taking and thought, t
profidence of sAsons and resources, i
able him to acquire wealth on lands wh
the ordinary farmer here-will tell you i
"too poor to sprout a pea." My obsei"
tion ?nd the experience of many of 1
Germans who have come hither will c
firm all these assertions.
The potato crop "is a great source
profit in this country, or can be innde
Though greatly used here, and thoi
most persons are very fond of it, its gr
value is not enough appreciated. It -s
fact, bread and meat together. Tho fti
mum crop is estimated at sixty bud
per acre; but an improved cultivation
produced as many as 250 busliols to
acre. Thin is my town experience. I h
no doubt that, if the season bc fnvora
^a greater improvement in the cultiva
of this vegetable, and in choice lands,
yield dout le the hst amount. With r
manure, we know thal thj wretched
bit warrens of England WPM mad
yield as much as 1,200 bushels of ,Lhe 1
potato to the acre, r.nd it is difticul
conceive what might, be done here by
superior employment of the best man
ar.d a very intelligent farming po
The potato (sweet) stdls in market.at :
75 cents to fd.25 per bushel, aceordir
quality*and quantity in martel. With the j
increase *tf population, the v.ilue must
rise, unless there be a corresponding in?
crease in the amount of production. One
of the greatest difficulties io the cultiva
tion of the potato here is its protection
from rot and frost. But the German'
farmer, well acquainte? with tbe German
cellars and German usages for curing end
preserving, will be very apt to nieet these
embarrassments and achieve a compiete
triumph over the enemies of the potato.
The culture* of rice is" cirried-oa, or
was, to a vcr}- great extent in this State.
In fact, Georgia and Ssuth Carolina are
Clie two threat, regions Tor its produoticn.
You all kuow und have long bpngr-.k the
'..Carolina rice" in your groceries'. Here
you may r;ii?<? it yourselves to perfection.
In the low luaus, undera beautiful system
of irrigation-for the rice culture here is
almost the only sort of culture which hus
reached a comparative perfection-from:
40 to 100 bushels are ribsed. Forty may
bo regarded, as the avernge ratio in the
lowdaiid country. Bu'. I have heard of
an instance in one of the up country dis?
tricts (Anderson) where 120 bushels were
male to tbe acre on nie occasion. The
best rice is usuallji grown on the low
lands. But there is an up land rice, which
is grown in the middle districts, which is
some.tim-'s equally productive, and cer?
tainly quite as good. The bushel brings
in the -f.eefJ*hn uvernge of $1 in lue mar?
ket; and you are to remember that, in the
low-lan d.ciflture, ff ie fields being flooded at
certain seasoos, requires but limited times
for working. A single acre, properly
irrigated, will yield from ?40 to ?100, and
thc acres in irrigate<Ljiee ere numerous
to tbe^band. . j
I sketch fliese details for you somewhat
hurriedly, mv friends, as we have so much
ground and such a variety of subjects to
cover in a limited spatje. But you shall
have such facts only a3 may be Telied on.
I shall* continue these letters, boping to
show to the emigrant to this region that
bis enterprise, wher* he is a man of thrift,
intelligence and industry, must tie com- !
pensative in highest decree; that fortune
may be made here; and that, in the pre- I
sent distressed condition of the native
population here, and the utter hopeless'
ness of .the planters in regard to the
future use of the negro, your presne?, your
as.-istance, in occupying the land and help?
ing the deveb p nent of its resources, wilt
be welcomed on every hand. ^
HERMANN.
There is a man in prison for debt in
Londkm, who lids been so for twenty-two
years.
Obituary. , j
Depart d this life, on the 9th instant,.
VALENTINE, bom on th? 2G1I1 of April,
1S49, nod fourth son of James a iud Ann
O'Brien. Tb? deceased. was a youth of
excellent promise, nod endowed with rare
and admbable qualities both of mind and
body. His developing frame gave assured
promise of manly and muscular growth,
and great combinations of personal ole
g mce. whilst his soaring mind far exceed
ed in intellectuality the ereat majority of
youths. lu company, he was the Swift
of t{ie sociitl circle and the innocent Mercu?
ry of virtuous c*>!iviviality.
Trained from his youth in the doctrines
of Catholicism, he imbibed from his devout
p.rici's, brother* ?nd sisters, not only by
word nut by example, all the gravid
lessons of Christianity ns published by his
Siviour." Like the holy Samuel, he served
daily in the temple, nnd bis final sickness
alone tore him from the altar. Comforted
by all th? consolations of religion, and
covered with th? agonizing tear of aged
parrents, woe stricken sisters and war worn
brothers, li* calmly fell into the dark arms
of sudden death, but. with a joyou . hope
of asure and triumphal re-mrrection. The
obsequies were performed in St. Peter's
ChurcTi, J. J. O'Connell, D. O., officiating,-!
in the presence of a Urge concourse, of
sympathizing friend?. After a*well merit?
ed and eloquent discourse was pronounced,
the remains were deposited side by ?ide
with those of his sister, who preceded him
only a few months, and who, like him,
was snatched away ia the early spring of
a promising youth.
Death lies on bim like an untimely frost,
Upou the sweetest flower of all the field.
. R. I. P.
. L. O. C.
. . - _j _
. Funeral Invitation. ' >
The friends and acquaintances of Gil?
bert and Sarah Bynnm. and of John
Wright and wife, are respectfully invited
to ai.tend the funeral of JOHN WRIGF?T,
at'the residence of the f >rmer, THIS
MORN ING, at half-pas*. 8 o'clock.
For Sale.
THIRTY bnjs FLOUR. By
ZEALY, SCOTT <fe BRUNS.
July 29 1
Bacon, Lard, Butter, Meal, Flour.
AAA LBS. No. 1 COUNTRY BUTTER.
I 500 Ibo. puae LEAP LARD.
?/V V ?00 lbs. No. 1 BACON.
20 bushels fresh ground M KAL.
A small lot of prime FLOUR.
For, sale at '
GEO- W. WRIGHT'S, JR,
July 29 1 Lumber^treet.
School Notice.
MRS.. E. R. LAURENS has opened "a
DAY SCHOOL for boys and girls.
Applijpnts arc requested to call at the
West tenement of Theological Seminary,
in Blanding stre-.t July 28 4*
Looa! Items.
We ?re indebted to Mr. L. C. Clarke for
late If orthern and Cbarlestofi papers
copious extracts ff om whicl^will be found
in to-day's paper.
We amt return our thanks to Mr. Mel
?:n M. Cohen, with our scknowledge
raenta. for ? nice little bag of Scarfaletti.
We shall put it in our pipe tmd smoke it,
turning rrsr bowl in a 3offlh>llast direc?
tion, in order that he and the capitr.l may
gel the benefit of our puff. Let him pray
the goos that, the winds, if they ever mean
to Mow Rgsia, shall blow from the right
quarter.
Iving Cotton is kicking up a stir in our
quarter The' bulls and bears ere in
stubborn bppos?t:on, the ons insisting upon
the virtue of cotton as assessed in gold,
the other depreciating his qunlities.^inrl
thrusting forward green backs in 'mode?
rate quantities. In the collision of the
two rival parties, the community may be
expected to live, and the planters to recu?
perate. We heard, yesterday morning,
from one of our merchants that he readily
i received cotton in trade at S5 cents. We
repeat onr proposition of- a month ago
make the cotton bring all that "it can. It
will keep so much more cash in the coun
try. ._
J. N. ROBSON
TTA3 r.E3uanu> THE
Commission Business
AT HI3 OLD STAND,
62 EAST BAY, CHARLESTON, S. C.
43~ Particular attention given to tho nair
of Cotton. Flour, Corn, etc.: :ind, from his
long Experience, he feels confidant of giving
general satisfaction. Jun?- 29 5*
THE CRAXGEBl'RO A\I> COH'SIBIA
STAGE LINE
SENDS A CARRIAGE OP.
X?Sks?fc^SPRrNG WAGON to Ornr.go
?J^gga^^tbiirR at 3 P. M. Tuesdays,
Thursdays and Saturdays,
makin'; connection with Charleston trabin
the following morning.
On arrival of train on Monday, Wednes?
day and Friday, -a vehicle starts 'for Colum?
bia. For passage appiv to ,T. H. Fowlos or
E. Coffin, at, the store"of E. M..STOKES,
Piain street. Juno 20 S*
""NEW GOODST~
"' *<C%r-^~->. THE subscriber is now
/7jL-<v-??AjSVopening for sal?-, at the cor
IrfelE^winftr ? au<* Camdon
uvhii^^S?mRation House, the follo'win."
artieb-s:
Crushed E. i. and Brown SUGARS, choice
RIO COFFEE. Spefm und .Vdamantin?
I CANDLES. Soda. Butter, Pic Nie, Wine and
i Pilot BISCUIT:
. FISH.
SARDINES,
.MACKEREL.
SCALED and No. 1 HERRINGS.
Family and Toilet SOAPS
Extra Hyson TEA.
Straw Wrapping PAPER,
Nests V. ooden BOWLS and BOXES,
Buckets, Brooms and Baskets, *
Shoe Brushes and Blacking,
Chocolate, Soda and Fig Blue.
Starch. Sweet Oil, Smoked Beef,
Shoes, Goat Skims, Assorted Tacks,
Tobacco, Corn, Bunches Yarn,
Balls Yarn, emptv Groin Bags, ?fcc.
July 29 - RICH ABU CALDWELL.
LNSURAXC?T
GERMANIA, """ NIAGARA
Tl VXOVEIt, REPUBLIC
j THE CXDERWRITERS' P0L1C1
'13 ISST'Tm IiV
H. E. NICHOLS. Agent,
COLUMBIA,*. C.
ONT? policy of Insurance, issued by fou
companies, which is nnulo to inlet th
n?cessit?s of the business conni un ty, b.
securing, 'with despatch, large liiu-.-> of lit
surance with reliable Companies, upo
uniform, plain and simple conditions, there
1 olivia ting the necessity of applying t
various separate Offices for Insurance t
thc amount they arc severally able to accept
and ol' holding numerous separate Policie'f
the conditions and written portions c
which rarely agree, rendering it difficul
for thc assured to become familiar with an
harmonizo their various conflicting c^ond:
?i ins.
liv" the conditions of the Underwritor
Policy but ono ?et of paper* is required t
prove.-a. loss to the several Companie
insuring under it. therein- making thc at
just munt simple und exp?ditions.
The cash assets of <^ach Company issuin
the. Underwriters' Policy of Insurance el
coed half a million of dollars, making
security in the aggregate of three millio
dollars.
ALSO.
Agent for the Hartford. .Etna, Hom<
Phoenix, International, Metropolitan, Coi
tinenfcal. Merchants, Croton, Now Engram
City, Washington, North American an
other first class lire insurance companie
and will, in a few days, resume the Li
Insurance Branch for several of the large;
life insurance companies in the Unit?
States.
A i ?so,
Agent for Lin New York Accidental Insu
ance Company, insuring Travelers, Railros
Conductors, V-xpressmr-n. Mechanics ar
others, against :?U rct/idcnts. The amoui
premium being so small and the benefit :
great this Company presents inducemen
for all to take out a policy. No medic
examination required.
For curdv, hand bills and moro ?.ll e . 3
nation, call at our office, at pres
Bryce's old stand, next to Muller <fc beni
and Kenneth & Uibson'rt atores.
Jul-29 2* H. Ti. NICHOLS, Agent
'They kill pigs by steam io Chicago,
A great iron claw, with ?ve finger?,
hooks out the pigs which pre quarrel?
ling in the pen below, and lifts ihe
porkers to a gibbet near by, and then ?
plunges them again into scalding
water. By the machine fifty porcines
are killed, scalded, scraped, craned,
split and hung in rows ready for Rak?
ing within an hour.
The Wilmington Her ald calls atter.?
tion to the fact*tha| notwithstanding
advertisement* for laboreare kept i-i
its columns day after ?dar, but one, or
two have. responded, while crowd? o:
men, black .\nd white, aro to be se? n
loafing; about the streets. It suggests,
that it gratuitous rations were stopped
th er* would be les* trouble in fiuding
laborers.
The Agricultural Bureau ha* re?
ceived reports irotn . different parts of
the country which represent that the
er?os of hay, potatoes and corn, will
be mrger than any previous year. Tbe
hay crops? will 'be fully one-thiid
larger than ever known before. Oatt?
are al-o reported to be very superior,
and a b rger crop grown tha.n for
ypars prev ions.
100
For ?3?rtlo
HAMS, i.OOO lhs. IJACOiN.
r> fibls. MOE\3SES
.2n0 lbs. URD, BUTTER,
.CHEESE, <tc. P-y -
ZEA LY,* SCOTT ?t BRUNS.
People's Bank of Charleston.
STOCKHOLDERS of the People's Rank
of Smith Carolina will pipase call upon
Messrs. ZE A LY. SCOTT <fc BUHNS, where
th ev will obtain important intelligence in
regard to the Bank, which their interests
require them to know July 28 2*
Insurance in First Class Companies.
.r"|~*<UE undersigned will receive* applica
' _L tions for EIRE INSURANCE on.
dw*lliugi, stores, stocks of goods and
cotton. .\LSo,
' Applications for insurance in the "Tra?
velers'Insurance Compan v,'' of Hartford,
Conn., whereby the assure 1 is guaranteed
a weekly compensation wittie disabled by
accident, or a certain sua, io c*?e of death
resulting from the accident. Explanation
of the system and circulars can he bad liv
applying to the undersigned, at Mr. Stokes*
siore, Plain street.
Julv'.'S i BEN J. G. HERIOT.
NEW GOODS
JUST received and daily arrivine. Libe
?ral discounts made lo wholesale
bu vers:
LINEN. SHIRT-COLLARS..
i NECKTIES. HOOP SKIRTS,
! SHIRTINGS, L C. HANDKERCH'FS,
! CORSETS. MELTON CLOTHS,
CAMBRIC, HEAD NET I'S.
BROADCLOTH. NAINSOOK,
Belts and Heit Ribbon, Combs,
Muslins, Hui tons, plain and fancy,
Brushes, Berage Veils, Ilucka?buck,
Needles, bailies'Shoes, Sugar,
Table Cutlery, Pocket Knives,
Mackerel. Gents' Shoes, Coffee,
11er ring, French Calf Skins, Tea,
Bacon, Raisins, Cheese, Syrup,
Currants, Pepper, Flavoring Extracts,
Citron, Candy. Bitters. Spice, Soap,
Blacking, Mustard, Tobacco.
Fruit and Vegetable Cans.
Fairbanks'Scales, all sizes.
few doz. pairs superior Spectacles. w
JADIES G. GIBBES,
General Commission Merchaut.
July 28 4
Soliool Eoolis.
0 PELLING BOOKS, Ariihmetics and
C_> Geographies. Also, Copy Books, Writ?
ing Paper and Envelopes. For sale bv
_HARDY SOI O M ON & CO.
W. H. EASTERBY,
Com. "IWCo3roj*ki ant
Receiving and Forwarding Agent,
CHARLESTON, S. C.
PROMPT attention given to orders for
the sale ?r purchase of COTTON or
PRODUCE of any kind. July 15 fir.?
. Brass and Copper Wanted
HSOLOMON,it CO. still contin?e to
. purchase BRASS and COTTER.
The highest market, price will be paid.
H. SOLOMON it CO.,
Weit side of Assembly street.
July C Imo ' Below Plain.
Xo^rTARLESTON, via FLORENCE
1 The Quickest and Cheapest Route!
BEING all the way by rail,
_^except 25 miles, from Colum?
bia* to Kingsville or Gadsden-'etween
which points a LINE of COMFORTABLE
VEHICLES connect closely with all trains,
viz: Leave Columbia Mondays, Wednes?
days, and Fridays, at 5 P. M.. and connect
with the train next, morning, which reaches
Charleston early the same evening. Tra?
vellers over this line can be accommodated ?
with any style vehicle they prefer-Open
Buggy, Top Buggy, ('lose Covered Ambu?
lance, Cohered Wagon. Carriage, Pic nie or
Pleasure Coach, or Saddle Horses. For
mtssage or chartering vehicles, apply nt
Julv 26 4* SlilVF.R HOUSE