COLUMBIA. .
Wednesday Iteming. May 31, 1365.
Fruit and-Qt ;un-Culture.
In tlie diminution of our 6eld labor,
and in the exhaustion of our capital in
?mules, horses and vther implements of our
former industry, to say nothing of the
absurdity of our continuing an idle con
. test, in our poor lands, in the culture of
cotton, in competition with the fertile ral?
lies of the South-west, the policy of our
farmers will be to enter as laigely as pos?
sible into the culture of fruits and the
small grains, such as rye, oats, wheat,
barley, buckwheat, <fcc. The apple can bc
brought to as much perfection in the stiff
lands of our meddle country as in th'e more
hilly region, lt needs only that we should
. choose our trees under Oie directions of
some expel ienced teacher, such as William
Summer, of Pomaria, who, it is to be
hoped, though suffering largely in the war,'
is s.ill able to supply the country with
the very best varieties of trees. Tue cider
press should accompany the apple culture,
and, through this agent, we may substi?
tute a very innocent and .agreeable beve
ruge for a very noxious one. The peach
culture, it is well known, may be rendered
as highly successful in our middle and low
country as in any other part of the world.
Indeed, fuch districts as Orangeburg, Lex?
ington, Barnwell, Edgefield, ?tc, have
already secured a reputation for the abun?
dance of "the crop aud the exquisite1 supe?
riority of the fruit. The success of Wm.
Gregg and othgrs about Aiken is hot due
to any superior excellence in their 6oils?
but in the superior good sense, and study,
and industry of the Cultivators. If peach
or apple brandy is to be made from .these
fruits, then, by pains-taking auu a little
increase of stud}-, the article can be ren?
dered far superior to what is ordinarily
sold or prepared under tjic names of these
liquors. Wo need hardly add, that the
cultivation of the grape in the same jcgion
is already known as an assured success.
And so simple" is the practice of wine
making, that ono needs no great exercise
of ingenuity to become a manufacturer of
this wholesome and pure beverage. Yet
study, even for this, and close attention
? will material' .-- ve this article and?
commend it to eral use. Briefly, we
are now require?. substitute the farming
policy or thorough tillage for thc planta?
tion or staple culture. IH this culture, we
need less numerous labor, and with five
hired servants, who will faithfully work,
we shall probably realize more gains, and
maintain our souls in a greater degree of
peace, than with fifty idle and thrift
less slaves, with whom we have to war
perpetually, if ouly to keep them from
rotting through laziness. We shall need
to work more with our minds and thoughts,*
and be assured that, if we shall do this,
we shall greatly lessen the labor of our
hands. y
Who is it that called Time the avenger,
yet failed to see that Death was the con?
soler? What mortal afflictions are there
to which Death does not bring full reme?
dy? What hurts of hope and body does
it not repair? "This is a sharp medicine,"
said Raleigh, speaking of the axe, "but it
cures all disorders."
Poverty is necessarily feeble, but it does
not follow that riches afford .strength. We
?ma}', if we please, make wings of them,
which will carry us to Heaven; but we
may also as certainly make them oppres?
sive burdens; which would sink the most
hopeful soul into the deepest perdition.
The spring fashions for gentlemen, as
they appear to us upon the persons of
those who have visited the great emporium
of fashien-New York-strike us as some?
thing very unique and becoming-full
trowaers, shoit English coat, peached
waistcoat and round topped hat of any
color.
The New York Herald say3 that, though
the question of the complicity of Mr.
Davis and the rebel agents in Canada in
the murder of President Lincoln has not
yet been directly taken up bv the court,
mueh light has already beon thrown upon
it indirectly ih the course of testimony
taken to establish other points. Booth
t-lood ready to act at, thc capital whenever
the word should be given; and Davis, in
Richmond, with his agents in Canada,
watched tor th? moment when the blow
weald have most effect, that they might
giv-tj the word at that moment, and made
their arrangements to toko every ad van
taf> of their crime (
How History is Written.
In the sermon of Rev. H. W. *Beecber,
I on the death of Abraham Lincoln, we find
'.the following curious ftatemeot, gravely
delivered a? fact. Whether Parson Beecher
himself believes it-he being considered a
mun , f considerable capacity, with a large
tinct 01 ;-sanity in veins and brains-is
some, iilng doubtful. It is very clear if he
does believe it, he cannot accord much ere
dit for brains or any other mental quality
lo Governor Piekens. The extract is from
the New York Independent: ?<
"In a council held in the city of Charles?
ton, just preceding the attack on Fort
Sumter, two commissioners were appoint?
ed to go to Washinr*jn-one on the part
of the army frpm Fort Sumter, and one on
the part of the Confederates. The lieute?
nant that was designated to go for us said
it seemed to him that it would be of little
usc for him to go, ns his-opinion was
immovably, fixed in favor of maintaining
the Government in whose service he was
employed. Then Gov. Piekens took him
aside, detaining, for an hour nnd a half,
tlie railroad train that was to convey them
j on their errand". Ile opened to him the
whole plan and secret of the Southern
I fouspira'cy, and said to him, distinctly and
repeatedly, (for it was needful, he said, to
j lay aside disguises.) that the South had
[ never been wronged, and that all their
pretences of grievance in the matter of
tariffs, or anything else, were invalid.
'But,' enid he, 'wc must carry the people
j with us; and we allege these things, as all
statesmen do many things that they do not
befieve. because they are the only instru?
ments b}T which the people can be ma?
naged.' . He then and there declared that
I thc two sections of country were so anta?
gonistic in ideas and policies that thev
could not live together, that it was fore?
ordained that Northern and Southern men
must keep apart on account of differences
in ideas and policies, and that all the pre?
tences of the South about wrongs suffered
were but pretences, as they very well
knew. This is testimony which was given
bj- one of the leaders in the rebellion, and
which will probably, ere long, be given
under hand and seal to the public. So
the South has never had wrong visited
upon it except by that which was inherent
iu it."
THE COTTON- NOW IX TUE SouTn.-The j
New York Journal of Commet ce makes the '
following remarks ou the probable amount
of cotton now on hand in the South:
We have been repeatedly asked to give
some information in relation to the amount
of cotton on hand in the South. The dif?
ficulty in forming an approximate estimate
has arisen mainly from the impossibility
of ascertaining to what extent *he actual
yield since the war begun has been ship?
ped in evasipn of the blockade. The Texas
cotton, and nearly all produced West of
the Missiaiippi, hus been passing os fast as
it could be haulol on wagons to the sea
j l.oard by Mexican ports. A considerable
portion of Louisiana and Tennessee has
been cleaned. Notwithstanding the hicrji
prices' here and abroad, there has been
very little inducement to Southern plant?
ers to cultivate this crop. It has been
aftsolutely impossible for them to find rope
and nagging to prepare the cotton for the
market after it was picked, or to transport
it to any pla-:e of sale, and the local au?
thorities have used every means in their
power?to compel thc land-owners to raise
cereals in place of the great staple. Since
the fall of Mobile, we have been, able to
extend our researches at the South, and
we have now obtained what we consider
reliable data for a fair estimate of the
quantity of cotton still on hand within
the so-called Southern iines. We place the
whole amount as equal to 1,500,000 ordi?
nary bales. Some of it is in the seed, and
a large quantity is still unpacked for want
of the proper material and facilities. Out
Mobile -correspondent figures the total at
1,800,000 bales, but some of his assump?
tions are in excess of known results, and
we are confident that our estimate is very
close to the actual slocifr
A Richmond correspondent of a North?
ern paper states that many young ladies
of that city, raised And living heretofore
in wealth and luxury, are leaving to seek
employment elsewhett, as a last resort to
avert starvation. They are forced to do
so by the utter impoverishment of their
pareuls as a re*ilt of the war. Their
houses in the country have been entirely
overrun and desolated, und they are now
driven to earn a livelihood either by the
needle, tile pen or ns governess-s. A few
more weeks will develop chanties in pro?
perty, social standing and habits of life
that can hardly be realized.
SEVMES AND DENNINGTON.-Admiral
Semines and Captain Dunnington, (lfiftter
lately, commanding the so called Confede?
rate James River squadron,) and others
who were in-the rebel navy, have made
U|> their minds that they will not live iu
this country; so the whole of them have
gone on in search of a ship, this to bear
them to some louely but lovely ?eland in
the Pacific Ucear., where they propose
living in peace until Southern indepen?
dence is attained.-Nae York Herald.
"**An advertisement appears in the Raleigh
(N. C.) Standard, signed by Gen. Halleck,
commanding at Richmond, offering, by
order of the Secretary of War, a reward
of $25,000 for the arrest and delivery of
William Smith, late Governor of Virgmis
Local Itcui?.
The offlee of tte Columbia Phoenix is
on Gates street, second door from Plain.
W,e have been shown what appears to
bo a gold dollai*and a brass button, which
were taken out of the gizzard of a chicken
killed ia this city a few days ago.- The
supposition is that that chicken belonged
to th? ostrich breed.
We are indebted to Mr. J. B. CampbelL
for copies of the New York Tribune and
CbarleeOpn Courier. We would feel greatly
obliged to ad persons receiving papers
from a distance to allow us the usc of
them.
As Sidney Park seems to have been
turned into a feeding place for cattle and
horses, we would iuform all citizens having ?
such animals; that the grass is growing
luxuriantly in that popular pleasure
ground, and their stock can feed there
widiout molestation-at least, we judge
so, as it is no unusual sight to see a num?
ber of animals grazing there daily. <*
(??^"PERSONAL.-All subscribers to the
Phoenix whose subscriptions have ex?
pired, will please come forward and
renew, ia specie or provi.ions^ otherwise
their papers will be stopped.
?gg?" We wish it distinctly understood
that our terms are cash. No advertise?
ments will, therefore, be inserted unless
paid for in advance.
We present thc following schedule of
rates, in the case of the most obvious com?
modities. For one month's subscription
to.the Phasnix, we will receive either of
the following, viz:
' 1 bushel corn. 1? bush, peas or potatoes
tfpounds butter .? lbs. flour.
1 '. lard. . lbs. candles.
7 " bacon. 9 qts. rice.
S dozen eggs. 4 head of chickens.
?* Wood, vegetables and provisions gene?
rally received at fair market rates ap?
proaching the specie standards.
NEW AMERICAN STEAMSHIP LISE FOR
TkmoPK.-Wo understand that the splen?
did steamer Guiding Star, which has been
for some time past .running between tins
city and Xew Orleans, is about to make an
excursion trip to Havre and Southampton
ubout the middle of June. This is th?
first. American ship which hos crossed the
Atlantic since the war began.
*?Ncu> York Herald.
RECONSTRUCTION-.-There will ' be no dif?
ficult}- about reconstruct i ns the Union:
The Southern people are all anxious to
I come back. Southern merchants are al
ready arriving heVe to pay oh? their old
debts. Throw open the South to trade,
and commerce will do the rest.
1 . [New York Herald.
RETURNED.-A number of the paroled
Marylanders who went home to Baltimore
from Richmond, after the surrender of
Gen. Lee's army, have returned to Rich?
mond. Tliey were arrested in Baltimore
and committed to jail, and obtained their
release only upon condition of returning
South. .
A London letter announces the death, at
the Island ot Malta, of Pliny Miles, a
native of New York, aud well known all
over the world by his letters and books of
travel, and his earnest advocacy in this
country of a comprehensive system of
postal reform.
Notwithstanding the strong svmpatliy
felt for the South at Liverpool, the intelli?
gence of Lee's surrender was received with
great satisfaction, causing an increased
confidence in commercial circles:
Gen. Carrera. President, of the republic
o? Gautemala, is, dead. This will proba?
bly have an important influence on Cen?
tral American affairs, and a revolution is
considered imminent.
.Gen. Lee and family are reported to be
living in Richmond, on Government ra?
tions.
A bronze statue of President Lincoln,
to cost $20j00l>, is to be placed in Capitol
Square, Albany, N. Y.
~?1JCTION S A LES.
Bacon, Flour, Sugar, Coffee, Leather, tte.
By A>. E. Phillips.
THIS (Wednesday) MORNING, at 10
o'clock,'1 will sell, near the Ration
? House, opposite Dr. Geiger's office,
20() lbs. "Family Cured Bacon', 2 bois.
Family Flour, Sugar. Coffee, Sole Leather,
Tobacco, Pad Locks. Agate Shirt Buttons,
Shoe Thread, cc. N. B.-Unlimited arti?
cles received un til 9 o'clock. may31 1*
I By Francis Lance.
I will sell THIS MORNING, at Bedell's
lot. at 10 o'clock, the following articles:
3 Bedsteads, 2 Mattresses, 1 Carriage
and Double Harness, 1 Saddle and Bridle,
1 I ?on Corn Md!,-valuable article; Bathing
Tub, and many other articles, and 2
HorseS. Cond*!urns cash. may lil 1*
20 Wrapping Paper. 40
OLD NEWSPAPERS for sale at this
oiSce. Price, ?0 nod 10 cents a lOD.
Mrs. M. ?. Bracd y
RESPECTFULLY informs the public'
that 6he is prepared to mnke, niter
and dye LADIES' and GENTLEMEN'S
HATS. Would also be glad.-o d? any
other wotk. Apply in Richlind street,
between Richardson and Aesembly.
may-SI " 1
Hands Wanted.
WANTED immediately at.out SIXTY
ABLE BODIED HANDS.to work
on ray turpentine works.' Good ratio us
issued and wages pail monthly. No ie
need apply without recommendations.
Apply at my residence, in rear of the
Marion Street Methodist Church.
I may 31 8" J. K MEKTT'R.
. Just Received and for Sale at
I C. TP m Jackson's,
Marion Street, near I/>nnber.
MATCHES, CANDLES, COFFEE,
fofS-rSUGAR. GREEN TEA, Fancy Dress
|?|?~'?Goode, Ladies' Shoes. .White aftd
Blue Flannel, Sprint? Cassimeres, White
Linen and Muslin, Stripe Cotton Shirting,'
Cotton G?ods for suits. Calicoes, Buttons,
Needles, Pins, Silk Ties. Cotton Handker?
chiefs, Children's Socks. Round Cqmhs,
Dressing Combs. Paper *Cambric, White
and Black Buckles, Letter and Note Pa
p*r, Black Skirt Braid, Towels, Windsor
Soap. Also. Segara. may 81 1
PAPER! PAPER?
FOR snle. a small quantity of No. 1
WRITING PAPER. Also, some ex?
cellent COPYING PAfER. Inquire at
this oflice. may 30
Buggy for Sale.
FOR SALE, *a pood and substantial
BUGGY-nearly as good ns new. A
bargain can be had by ear ly application nt
this office. 0 may c0 2*
. Lost,
IN the Marion Street Methodist Church,
Sunday afternoon, a Black LACE YE IL.
The finder will bfl rewarded l>\- leaving it
at R. SW A ITT ELD'S, Arsenal Hill.
may SO_2
Dress-Tn gtfcc 1 n g.
"?Vf ISS A. BENNIES begs leave to in
XTJL form the ladies of Columbia that
she will do business again on reasonable
terms. Inquire on Lumber street, West cf
Main, Columbia, S. C. m*v :i" 2*
Headq'rs United States Forces,
'CITY UF COLUMBIA, S. C.,
MAT -?1. 1805.
GENERAL ORDERS NO 4. "
IN order to prevent any disturbance which
may arise from the improper use.of in?
toxicating liquors, it is hereby- ordered
that, for the?present, no intoxicating li?
quors will be sold or given away to nov
citizen or soldier, unless permission is
granted from these headquarters. Any
one found guilty of disobeying th is-?rd er,
will not only have his goods confiscated,
but will be eubject.to pu nish merit by mili?
tary law. Bv command nf
Lieut. Col. N. HAUGHTON,
Coram a adi ag Po^t.
W. J. KYLE. Lieut. 25th O. V. V. I. and
Post Adjutant. . . mny 2'J
Headq'rs United States Forces,
.CITY OF COLUMBIA. S. C.,
MAY 27. 18C5.
GENERAL ORDERS NO. 3.'
4 LL citizens having ir. their possession
J\. anv property that rightfully belongs
to the United States Government, accord
ing to the terms of surrender of Gen. Jos.
E. Johnston, C. S. A.. to ("Jen. W. T. Sher?
man, LT. S. A., will immediately'report the
same to these headquarters.
Persons having mules, horses and wa?
gons, %ill. for the present, be permitted to
retain the same for the purpose of carry?
ing on their wotk. Any person failing to
comply with this order within a reasona?
ble time, will not. only be deprived of any
farther use of said property, but will also
subject themselves to punishment by mili
tary authority. Bv command of
N. HAUGHTON,
Lieut. Col. 2fitli O. V. V.,
Conrdg City of Colombia, S. C.
W. J. KYJ.B, Lieut, :25th O. V. V. I. and
Post Adjutant. may 29
Headq'rs United States Forces,
CITY OF COLUMBIA, S C.,
.MAY 27. ISG5.
GENERAL ORDERS NO. 2.
INFORMATION having been received at.
these? headqnarfers of the existence of
armed bands of marauders infesting the
country and committing depredations on
the property of peaceful citizens, it is
hereby ordered that, all persors composing
such will be considered and treated ns
outlaws, and if caught, will receive the
severest punishment of military law.
The United States Government is desir?
ous of protecting nil peaceful and law
abiding citizens, and they will confer a
favor on these headquarters, and do justice
to themselves, by giving any information
they may have in their possession respect?
ing the names and movements of such
bands, and, if possible, aiding in their
capture.
The time ha? arrived when it behooves
every citizen to do all in his power lo
assist the military forcer of the United
States -to ?."store peuce and harmony
throughout the laud. By order of
Lieut. Col. N. HAUGHTON,
25th 0. V. V. I., Com'dn U. S. Forces,
City of Columbia.
W. J. KTLK, 2d Lieut 25th 0. V. V. I.
?nd Post Adjutant, may 29
. Hertdq'rs United States Forces,
CITY OF GOi.UMBU, S. C..
MAY 26, 1SC5.
CIRCULAR,.
rIMlE following circular from bondquar
J. ters Northern District Department of
the Routh, dated at Orangebnrg. S. C,
Ma}- 25, 1865.is published for the informa?
tion and guidance of the planters of this
District. By command of
N. HAUGHTON'.
? Lient. Col. 26th Reg't O. V. V. I,
Com'? U. S. Forces, city of Columbia, S. C.
W. J. KYLE, Lieut. 25th O. V. V. I. and
Post Adjutant; _^
HEADQ'RS NORTH ERN DISTRICT,
DEPARTMENT OF TUE SOUTH?
ORANGEBURO, S. C., May 25, 1865.
CIRCULAR.
To thc I'lantcrs.of South Carolina Raiding
within the District:
You arc invited, after taking the oath
of allegiance to the United States Govern?
ment prescribed by the PrqpioVnt of t e
United States, in his proclamation of De?
cember S. 186S, to* make equitable con?
tracts for labor with thc freedmen. Such
contracts, approved by tb? commander of
the nearest military post, will be conni
dcied binding on both parties, and will le
enforced by the military authorities BR fur
as the exigencies of file service will aliow.
Thc contract will set forth in word? the
freedom of thc laborer.
Where the freedman is, from nee or in?
firmity, nuable to labor and without natu?
ral protector, his support will devolve
upon the J'arish to which tie belongs.
The citizens of each Parish ore request?
ed to meet' and devise some method for
providing f??r such person*; and until such
providion is made, they will remain on,
und draw their support from, the planta?
tions where they now are.
(.Signed,) ' JOHN P. HATCH,
Brig. Gen. Commanding.
Official:
(Signed,) EDGAR B. YAN WINKLE. Capt.
and A. D. C. muy 27 S
Headq'rs Department of the South.
HILTON J1EAD, S. C ..MAT IS, 1865.
GENERAL ORDERS NO. 6?.
ITHE proclamation of A. G. Ma
. grath, styling himself Governor of
South Carolina, dated iii Headquarters,
Columbia, South Carolina, May 2, 1SC5,
declaring that all subsistence stores and
the property of the Confederate'Sfates
.within the limits of the State should be
turned over a'nd accounted for by the
Agents of t'ne State, appointed for that.
purpose, and directing thu' t he subsistence
and other stores shalt bf used foi-the relief
of the people of the State; and thc pro?
clamation of Joseph E. Brown, styling
tiitnself Governor pf Georgia, dated at the
eapital ot that Stute,-on the Rd da}- of
May, 1805, requiring the of Beera and num?
bers of the General Assembly to meet in
extraordinary session nt. the Capitol, iu
Mllledgeville, on Men.lay, the 22d day of
May, lSfi?; and the proclamation o'f A. Iv.
Allison, styling himself Acting Governor
?if Florida, dared ar. Tallahassee, on the
St li day of April, 1865, giving notice and
direction that an election will lie held on
Wednesday, the 7lh .day <'f .hine. 180S
for Governor of the State of Florida; are.
each and all of ih-eni. declared null'and
void; it having become known to ni>-, from
trustworthy information, that the afore?
said A. G. Magrath, Joseph E. Brown and
A. K. Allison, are disloyal to the United
States, having committed sundry r.nd di?
vers acts of treason against the same, in
adhering to then- enemies, giving them aid
and comfort.
The persons and peoples, to whom the
proclamations hereinal.ove referred to
iiave been - respectively addressed, are
therefore enjoined and commanded to give
no ^ieed whatever thereto, or to any
orders, proclam?t ions, commissions or com?
mands, emanating from per-ons claiming
tile iiL'iit to exercise the functions r.nd'au
thority of Governor in either of the States
of South Carolina, Georgia or Florida
.unless the same shall have been promul
gated by the advice or consent of the
United States authorities.
II. Thc- policy and wishes of the Gene
ral Government toward the people of thes*
State?, and the method which should tit;
puratied by them in r<-suminir or.assuniinj
the exercise of "their political rights, wil
doubtless be made known at. an early day
It is deemed sufficient, meanwhile, t<
announce that, the people of the blacl
race are free citizens.of the United States
that it is the fixed intention of a wise am
beneficent Government to project them ii
t he enjoyment of their freedom a lol lb
fruits of their industry, and that it is ta
manif.-st and binding linty of all citizens
whites as well as blacks, to make sucl
arrangementsand agreements amongthem
.?? Ives, for compensated labor, as shall b<
mutually advantageous to all parties
Neither idleness nor vagrancy will be lol?
rated, and the Government will not ex
tend pecuniary ai?l to any persons, wbethe
white or black, who are unwilling to bel
themsejves.
III. District ntid Post Commander
throughout, this Department will at one
cause this order io be circulated faf an
wide, by special couriers or otherwise, an
will toke such steps io" secure its enforci
nient as may by them be deemed neccssi
ry. . Q. A. GILLMORE,
may 26 Major General Commanding.
HENEY 'SKIPPER,
TXT HITESM ITH, LOCKSMITH, Hon??
TV shoer, Wheelwright and Smith i
general-nearly opposite Catholic Churcl
AH kinds,ot FARMING WORK done O
the shortest n?tice ami ihr most reasonah
terms, for provisions or cash, moy 26 b