$1 a Month, in Advance. * .-'.Let our just Censure attend the trae Event."-Shaktpcarr. Single Copies Five Cents.
By J. A. SELBY. COLUMBIA, S. C., WEDNESDAY MORNING, MAY 24, 1865. VOL. 1.-NC. 47
THE COLUMBIA PHONTX,
PUBLISHED DAILY-JEXCEJPT SUNDAY,
BY. JULIAN A. SELBY.
TERMS {SPECIE)-TN AD VANCE.
. SUBSCRIPTION.
Six months, $5
One month, - - - - . 1
" AnVEHTISlNQ.
One square, (ten lines,) one time, 50 eta
Subsequent insertions, - 35 cts
Gen. Joseph E. Johnston.
The correspondent of tbe.New York j
Herald writes thus of an interview he
had with Gen. Johnston, at Greens?
boro, North Carolina:
After the Union General had con?
ferred" with Gen. Johnston, the gentle?
men of the press were formally pre?
sented and introduced to the rebel
commander, who rose and received
them in the most friendly manner.
During a brief period when the
Geceral was disengaged, I had a
private conversation with him on sub?
jects pertaining to the war and the
burrender of his array. I read to him
-the following:
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, April 24, 18G5.
This department, has information
that the President's murder was or?
ganized in Canada, and appeared at
Washington. * - * * *
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Sacretary of War.
After which I inquired, 'General do
you think that Mr. Davis had any?
thing to do with the assassination.'
'I do not,' he replied, 'When I
told President Davis that Lincoln had
been assassinated, he was very much
grieved indeed. I do hot believe-in
fact arr. sure-that President Davis did
not in any way countenance the act.'
'Gen. Hampton went away without
beincj paroled?'
'Yes. I understand he was ordered
by the President to accompany him.'
Gen. Johnston admitted that one
division had gone off with Davis.
Wheeler, it was reported to-day. had
gone with him.
Gen. Johnston savs lhere was no
absolute immediate necessity for the
surrender; that he could have got
away from Sherman. He said: 'But
I saw that we must come up some
where. We certainly would have to
stop at the Mississippi, so I negotiated
as I did with Gen. Sherman, believing
it criminal to prolong a hopelesi war
another day. The fate of the Con?
federacy was decided in Virginia.
When Lee surrendered there was an
end to it. Had I marched ruv army
away as I mi<?bt have done, it was
only"dragging Sherman afier me. lie
would have foraged on the country,
and I would have been compelled to j
do the same. The country would have
been devastated and we would have j
had to come to some terms at last.' 1
Another correspondent of the Herald
writes as follows:
'Gen. Johnston's camp was a very
plain one, scarce as respectable as a
division general's in the Union army.
The tents were old and scattered about
without much regard to regularity.
The General's was a plain wall tent,
not much better than the rest. In
front of this Gen. Johnston and some
live or six of his ?tafT officers were !
sitting on the lid of a mess chest, near
them were the remains of a very plain,
frugal supper. Johnston is a man of
about five feet nine inches in height,
rather slight, but muscularly built
frame. From appearance*, J should
take him to be about fifty. Only that J
his hair and beard are so grey, you j
would not thint him so old. He is
evidently a mun of great reflective i
powers,combined with untiring energy.
His conversation is so natural, dig- I
nilled and easy, that you at once feel j
at vour ease, though at th*: same time
you are conscious he is rcudino- your i
thoughts like an open hook. He pos- I
senses much of the refined ease and I
elegauce of a gentleman, with the
penetration and firmness of a soldier, j
A remark was made upon the hope?
lessness of the South contending
against the North, with her vast
wealth and unbounded resources, both
in men and means. While the war
has depopulated and devastated, the
South, the North was never so flou?
rishing, nor never had so large a popu?
lation.
Said Gen. Johnston, 'Trua enough;
yet we did not fail so much from want
of men and means as from mismnn
agement. Had we your Government,
sir, the result might be quite different.'
He thinks tue mass of the^ people
will quietly return to their homes and
conform to the new order of tilings.
He was bitter on the murder of Presi?
dent Lincoln. 'Lincoln, sir,' he said,
'was a good man, and a conservative
I man. His death placed in power n
man of radical principles-A Southern
man-a man, 1 fear, of strong preju
dices, who will not try io heal up the
wounds of the nation.'
Gen. Johnston spoke in very high
terms of Gen. Sherman's military
ability, but was very hitter on Jeff.
Davis; in fact, attributing the whole
failure to his bungling administration.
The New Foreign Policy of the
United States. -
The capture of Richmond, the sur?
render of Lee's army, the flight of
Jeff. Davis as a robber and a fugitive
from justice, the collapse of his Con?
federacy and the murder of Piesident
Lincoln by a rebel conspirator, are
events which have startled and alarmed
the Western Powers of Europe. -Eng?
land and France feel that they are in
danger of being called to a speedy
settlement of our heavv outstanding
accounts against them, and they seem
only to he doubtful whether, with a
hundred and fifty thousand of his
veteran soldiers, Gen. Grant will first
march upon Canadaor Mexico. Hence
the protective alliance suggested by
Louis Napoleon, and hence the decli?
nation of England to invite the ha?
zards of a struggle with the great
Republic, now ready for any emer?
gency, winn, by appealing to out
magnanimity, she may obtain pardon
and sa\e her bordering colonies.
But, with the suppression of Jeff
Davis and his Southern Confederacy,
and with the restoration of the sub?
stantial wealth and strength of thc
rebellious States to the Union, ther<
are broader and deeper causes for ap
prehension to England, France and al
the nations of the European Continen
than our anticipated absorption o
Canad-j and Mexico. The Uniter.
States emerge from this stupendon
domestic war the foremost militar}
power on the globe for defensive o
aggressive warfare, on the land o
water; tho first in agricultural, manu
factoring and mineral resources; th'
first in our commercial situation, mean;
materials, advantages and facilities
and tho first in the general enterprise
intelligence and progressive spirit c
our people, compared with the masse
of any other nation. But the grea
secret of tkus superiority has bee
fully disclosed by the severe trials c
the late war; and the world no1
knows that the strength and elasticit
of our Government, of the people, ar
equal to all contingencies. Here;
lies the great ?langer to the feudi
aristocracies of Europe and the;r divin
rights of kings. Our system of popi
lar Government, not weakened, bt
immensely strengthened, by the tria
emerges from its struggles with
rebellion which, under similar disa
vantages in the outset to the Gover
ment, would ha7e wrecked thestoute
European monarchy.
From this momentous triumph i
the people on this side the Atlant
the people on the c'her side, from tl
Thunes to the Danube, will ta;
courage, and with a moral pow
which they have never known befoi
they will renew the war of prog rt
sive ideas and popular rights again
[tbecfiete establishment inherited frc
the dark ages.. Let England .and
France, or either of t'iem, drift into a
war with the United States, and before
they are otu of it they will he shaken
to their foundations by a general
European revolutionary convulsion
which will far eclipse in its sanguinary
struggled and radical changes the
twenty-five years of wars and recon?
structions which followed the setting
up of the first French Republic. The
ruling aristocracy of England and the
Emperor and his satellites of France,
in our late Bl rug?le, have been against
us. and have given the rebellion their
moral and material aid to the verge of
an open alliance. They have done all
they safely could do to secure the de?
struction of tlie only Republic {.hey
had to fear. They have failed. We
luve triumphed. How aro they to
escape the consequences?
President Johnson is called upon to
initiate and establish a new foreign
policy, embracing the Monroe doctrine,
American rights, neutral rights, bel?
ligerent rights, insurrectionary rights,
piratical rights, and the metes and
bounds of all these right?, or wrongs,
rather, as construed by England and
France during the last four years.
That President Johnson in these things
will vindicate the just claims of the
country it is not questioned, but that,
in dealing separately with France and
England, all those complications will
be avoided likely to kindle the flames
of a European war it is not so certain.
For the sake of universal peace, how
ever, he is now in a position to initiate
ar genera! and comprehensive adjusts
ment of America.; and European
affairs, political and commercial, in
the simple proposition for a general
Congress of nations..
The call for this Congress might be
extended not only to all the indepen?
dent States of America and of Europe,
but to the leading nations of Africa
and Asia, so as to embrace the whole
world in the framing of an authorita?
tive law of nations. Paris would be
the most eligible capital for the first
session of this Congress; but if a
second should be found desirable,
Washington would be the proper
place, in view of the claims of this
continent and this country to the dis?
tinction. Through the deliberations
of such a Congress not only might the
Monroe doctrine be established peace?
ably, and the public law in reference
to maritime; belligerent and neutral
rights, and the status of insurrections*
but the disputed boundaries of many
?States in both hemispheres might be
adjusted, and even the Holy Father of
Rome might be quietly provided a
permanent place of refuge and the
world's protection..
We do not want Canada, nor
Mexico, nor Cuba. Situated as we
are, in the heart of the temperate zone,
and possessing the inexhaustible and
varied resources of a great continent
looking out' upon Asia, Europe and
Africa and the isles of the sea, we
have territory enough for the comfort?
ably, .maintenance of three hundred
millions of people. We have sea
room enough, land enough, margin
enough for a thousand years. But if
the Governments shall fail to maet
and settle the questions -we have indi?
cated, American public opinion in
some way will enforce a settlement,
regardless of the revolutionary conse?
quences to England, France and the
other great powers of Europe. As a
peace offering to there, therefore, we
would earnestly invite the attention ol
President Johnson to the proposition
of the Congress of nations herein sug?
gested, a3 the initial movement of s
foreign policy commensurate with thc
material and moral power, and UH
dignity and manifest destiny of th?
United States of America.
[N'?lu York Herald.
' Tbe Mexican. Emigration Scheme.
The excitement ia regard to tin
Mexican emigration movement is ex
tending in this city ard throughou
the country. An office where perso-is
desirous of joining the expedition can
register their names was opened in
this city yesterday morning, and was ;
crowded all day by applicants. Most
of the volunteers in the movement
are veteran soldiers who have served
in the armies of the Union during the
past four years. Common emigrants,
it is understood, are guaranteed 81,000
and 800 acres of land. The bounties to
those receiving commission as officers
will of course be much larger. It is
reported that the Mexican Republican
General Ortega is ?t the head of the
enterprise, and that all the emigrants
will go fully supclied with weapons of
defence, but such arrangements hav?
been made that this proceeding will
involve no breach of international
neutrality.-Nero York Herald.
The inevitable result of the war
against rebellion has for some weeks
past been foreseen in the armies of the
Union, and it required no prescience
to discover that by the 4th of July
next, one-half of the Federal army
could be dispensed with. What shall
we do when this war is over? is a
question that has been very naturally
presented to the minds of our soldiers.
By four years removal from business
intercourse we have been, in a great
measure, disqualified for immediate
engagement in the ordinary pursuits of
commerce or trade, and we must do
something fur our livelihood in the
future. We have acquired a taste and
inclination for adventure. Where
shall we find the encouragement for
enjoyment of these proclivities? In
Mexico, is the unanimous response;
and on to Mexico is now the word.
No armed expedition is contemplated,
so far as is now suggested; but emi*
gration to Mexico bids fair to assume
greater proportions than did the*Jrush
to California some fifteen years ago.
[ Washington Republican, 6th.
Hundreds of officers and men, of
both Federal and rebel armies, are
said to be going to Mexico, ostensibly
as emigrants, but really, it is hinted, to
fight the battles of the republic against
the Emperor. Authorized agents
from Mexico are said to be in most ol
our principal cities for the purpose ol
qbtaining these invaluable recruits.
Gen. Ortega and son are at Washing?
ton on this business, paying large
specie bounties to officers who are re?
commended to them by a board ol
examiners. It begins to look as if
the experiment of an Imperial Gov?
ernment in Mexico were destined to
be much less prolonged than the ex?
periment of a Southern Confederacy
in this country has been. Maximilian
will probably soon be on his way to
Europe, perfectly disgusted with his
experiences on this side of the water.
[Hartfm-d Times, 6th.
NAPOLEON'S PROPOSAL FOR AN
ALLIANCE WITH ENGLAND AGATNSI
AMERICA.-The Ldndon correspon?
dent of the New York. Herald speaks
thus of Napoleon's proposed alliante
with England:
There can be no doubt whatever,
that the Emperor Napoleon, on receipt
of the news of the fall of Richmond
proposed to England to enter into an
alliance,offensive and defensive, against
the United States. That the abo V?
proposition was made I know to b<
true, and I know from the best sources
that the very idea of such an alliance
was repudiated instantly by tho Britisl
Ambassador at Pari3, acting undei
instructions from his Government. ]
send you the account of which appear
in the official organ of Lord Palmer
ston, of yesterday's date, from wbicl
you will see the general feeling c
both the British Ministry, and of ?
very influential portion of the peopl
whom tins paner represents.
The Paris correspondent of the Lon
don Herald v?rit?s thus on the sam
subject.
I must also note, as a sign of tb
times, a rumor that the Frenen Govert
ment bas made overtures to vt
Cab'net for .".j -'n. cUrt'on ':i the i .-.ut
ot* tl??- attitude of tl?? kees p-s ?.-.t
mg Cnnala u' Mex -.',., i e. ? :1'?; : ii ; an
energetic course advisable. A st-eond.
i ron clad squadron is to be formed ru
the channel within the nert, two
month?, so that .any diplomatie re?
monstrances tfie two cuuii'ries might
deem it advisable to oflV, could bo
supported by such a force a? would
injure their being attended to.
The Liverpool Times coouneuts OD
the affair as follows:
We have no faith in the statement
of a treaty between England and
France, to come into play in the even;
of the Americans attacking either
Mexico or Canada. "*
A NEW CABINET.-The politicians
of the country are? getting up a new
Cabinet for Mr. Johnson. A more
radical set of Cabinet Ministers i*
needed, according to those gentlemen,
aDd they are determined upon two
interests fo.be included in the new
Cabinet-Bsn. F. Butler and radical?
ism. Tnt new Cabinet is to he con?
structed as follows: Secretary of State,
Benjamin F.-Butler; Secretary of War,
Edwin M. Stanton; Secretary of the
Navy, Henry G. Stebbins, of New
York; Secretary of theTreasr.ry, Hugh
McCullough; Secretary of the Inte?
rior, James Harlan; Postmaster-Gene?
ral, John Covode; Attorney. General,
D. K. Carter, of Ohio, at present
Judge of the Supreme Court of the.
District of Columbia. The programme
also included the appointment of E.;
Senator Wilkinson, of Minnesota, as
Commissioner of Indian Affairs, and
of Mr. Arnold, la?e Representativo
from Illinois, as Solicitor of the Trea?
sury.
Another arrangement proposes that
Mr. Seward retain his position as se?
cretary of State, hut if he positively
refuses to remain, he is to ne succeeded
by Charles Sumner. Still another
programme is, that Messrs. Seward,
Stanton and Weils ar:; all to retire bv
the first of July, and lo be succeeded
by Charles F. Adams, Preston King
and John W. Forney, and that to this
end, Mr. Adams has been granted a
leave of absence from the Court at
London, for the purpose of having
bim in this country, to ihe end that
whatever may happen, he will at least
be on baud.
Sugar, Coffee, lea, Pepper, Rice, Peas, Ac
By A. F*. Phillips.
THIS (Wednesday) MORNING-, at 10
o'clock, I will sell, near the Ration
House opposite Dr. Geiger's office,
Sugar, Coffee., Tea, Pepper, Rice, Peas.
1 doz. Summer Coats, Pocket Knives.
And sundry other articles, may 24 1*
By Francis Lance.
TO-DAY, at 10 o'clock, ut Bedell's lot, I
will sell,
A good Pony, Saddle and Bridle; a Sow
and 2 Shoats; a Gold Watch and Chain,
and sundry other articles of Furniture,
?fcc. Conditions casa. may 24
Silver Ware-Postponed Sale.
Zealy, Scott & BPU&S
WILL sell, at 10 o'clock,THIS DAY, at
their Ware-room,
A choice lot of SILVER WARE, con?
sisting of Goblets, Pitchers, Pots, Waiters.
Spoons, Ladles, Knives and Porks, Ac. Also
Hardware, Kitchen Utensils, Glassware.
Bacon, Blaek Pepper, Smoking Tobacco.
Ac. Terms cash. Unlimited articles re?
ceived up to hour of sale, may 24 1*
Wanted Immediately,
AGOOD COOK. WASHER A N 3 .
IRON ER. Apply at this orfice.
may 23 il
FOR SALE, AT ,
O- DF-. Jackson's,
Marion Street, near Lumber
SPOOL COTTON, CANDLES.
ENGLISH PINS, NEEDLES, TAP?.
CALICO, STRIPE SHIRTING.
Spring Cassimeree, Hair Netts.
Silk Ties, Flax Thread, Combs.
Also, Blue Flannel. may 22 o'
I*?f%xr Wotioe.
IWILL be found in the South Carolina
College buildings, in the Library, fro:'.
10 a. m. to 1'? m.
Way 4 JAMES D. TRADEWEI1