irroprietors' Aii Independent Journal: For the Promotion of the Political, Social, Agricutural and Commercial Interests of the South. |iewism.geist, publisher. ^
YQL. 1. YORKYILLE, S. C., THURSDAY, OCTOBER -35, 1855. * NO. 42
(lliolcc poet nr. |j
THE FAHMEK'S LIFE FOR ME.
ISY HF.YKTTE.
Wealthmnyb<?a*t lu-r hoarded treasure*.
Pride iioj ?y like l.er's may sec. j)
Dissipation vaunt her pleasures, I f
Yet tlie fanner's life is the life for me? ^
With its freedom blest,
From the stern unrest ?
/><? .1 l l a . < t!i?. 1
tit tne crowuen maris 01 me, t
With its rosy health, I ^
What a ntine of wealth!
With its iuiet iminarrcd hy strife,
I
T'?il :t hr.th. yet witli it there is 1 }
SunFghi of a willing mind, ,
And the fanner's home so fair is,
N"iie a fairer e'er can fuel? 1
With its glow'.! <* hearth, j (
With its cheerful mirth,
When the winter tire burns 1.right;
O, the farmer's cot !
Is a cosy spot i,
In a chill Heccniber's night.
His nre Summer's richest treasure?,
All her wealth of fruit and riowers, 1
All the inteilectunl pleasures
Of her bright instructive hours.?
His the golden gleam
<>f the sunset lcam.
And the mild majestic night: j
His the first soft, ray
Of the rising day.
Ami the dew-drops sheen amlhright
Far l'r??m heartless Fashion's empire,
Fur from Mammon's haunt-of sin.
From tiie dens of IF.ssipntioti,
An?l the crowded city's din?
He may safely rest,
O. how truly blest.
With the friends he holds most dear?
Atid the great world's noise
Cannot mar his joys,
In his calm, secluded sphere.
Wiscfllanfou5 llcabina.
v. - ^ y
___ i
tfUKfilJNli U*' StiBASTUrUL.
l-rom the correspondence of the London
Times we cop}" the following graphic deserip- 1
tion of the burning of Sebastopol by the Russians
: '(
The surprise throughout the camp on Sun- ;
day morning was beyond description when the j 1
news'-^pread that Sebastopol was on tire and
that the enemy were retreating. Tiie tremend- <
ous explosion', which shook the very ground i
likt so many earth juakes. failed to disturb J
many of our wearied soldiers. When T rose <
ere daybreak, and got tip to Cathcarr's hi!!. r
111oi*e were not man .* officers standing on that r
favorite spot; and tl:. sleep-. ;-'who had lain t
U'lWIi to IV-1. doubltui Ot t iiO C'il.ipiete SUCeess t
of the French, aud certain of our own failure, t
li'tle drearned that Sebastopol was ouis. All 1
was ivauy tbr a renewed a--ault on the Iiedan t
lu; the Ru-siatis having kept up a brisk tire j:
from the riiie pits and embrasures to the last
moment, and having adopted the same plan s
along their Hues, so as to blind our eyes and I
engage our attention, abandoned it, as is f
supposed, about twelve o'clock, and the silence i t
having attracted the atteution of our men, ]
some volunteers crept up and looked through t
nn embrasure, and found the place deserted by c
all save the dead and dying. Soon afterwards ;
wandering tires gleamed through the streets 1
and outskirts of the towu?point after point r
became alight?the flames shone out of the 1
windows of the houses?rows of mansions , 1
caught and burnt up, and ere daybreak the t
towu of Sebastopol?that flue and stately mis- | s
tress of the Euxine, ou which we had so often i,
turned a longing eye?was on fire from the sea i
to the Dockyard Creek. Fort Alexander was 1
blown up with a stupendous crash that made :
the very earth reel, early in the night. At sun- i
s?-t four large explosions oil the left fallowed (
in quick succession, and announced the dc- .?
struction of the Quarantine ''orts and of the J
magazines of the batteries of the Central Dastiou
and Flagstaff Fort. t
In a moment afterwards the proper left of c
the Kedan was the scene of a very heavy ex- t
plosion, which must have destroyed a number 1
of woundee men on both sides. Fortunately 1
the soldiers who had entered it early in the 1 1
night were withdrawn. The Flagstaff and Gar- f
den batteries blow up, one after another, at <;
4.40. At 0.30 there were two of the largest 1:
and grandest explosions on the left that ever i
"shook the earth?most probably from Fort Al- t
exandcr and the Grand Magazine. The rush {
of smoke, of gray and white vapor, of masses \
of <toue, beams of timber, and luasoury into t
the air was appalling, and then followed the c
^ " ??-?-?* if \roe o tnarro_ t
roar ui u uuuiuhiviiu?ui , u iuu^u ..
zinc of shells blown up into the air, ami ex- 1
plodiin; like some gigantic pyrotechnic display v
iu the sky?the effect of the innumerable flash- 1
es of tire twittering high up in the column of o
dark smoke over the town, and then changing 'J
rapidly into as many balls of white smoke like t
little clouds. All this time the Russians were t
marching with sullen tramp across the bridged, 1
and boats were busy carrying off material from s
the town, or bearing men to the south side, to a
complete the work of destruction and jrenew v
the tires of hidden mines, or light up untouch- c
ed houses. Of the fleet, all that reraaiued i
visible were the eight steamers and the masts a
BAs soon as a
to steal from ( s
town, undis- t
rors of these ' v
ig enemy, or o
hich kept on a
ind grape in- c
als, possibly d
g stragglers o
breeches and a
>2 could soon d
cs, and mov- 1 s
j'clock there 1
< with pluu- s
i relics were g
the Russian w
city. a
nd hand in I
uld be seen t!
J lurnberiug h
and making i p
vast accum- t
d men lost a
aud the fol- r
detonations t
if shells and powder magazines took place in n
he town behind the Redan, and also on the , a
eft of the Dockyard Creek. I
'At. 7.12 immense clouds of black smoke
osc from behind Fort l'aul, probably from a
iteamer which we found burning in the dock- v
,ard. The Russian columns which had been j '
lefiling in a continuous stream across the 11
)ridgc, now became broken into small bodies, 1
>r went ever in intermittent masses unscathed 11
>y the shot and shell which plunged into the wa- t
cr close beside them. At G..V>, the last dense :l
jolunin mnrche 1 pist, and soon afterwards the : '
iridtre was pulled asunder, and the pieces ,
vcre all floated across to the north side at C:.T. :
rhe boats did not cease to pull backward and '
forward all the time, and the steamers were ex- '
;ecdin^:ly busy lone: after the pirrisoii moved. '
At nine there were many explosions in the '
[own amid the burning ruins, and the battle- 1 1
inents of Fort Nicholas appeared in llauu-s.?
Still there was 110 explosion there nor in Fort 'f
Paul. As the rush from camp now became ' x
very exeat and every one Sony!it to visit the 1f
Malakoft and Redan, which were idled with
dead and dyinu" nien. a lino of Kmrlisli cavalry
were ported acnes the fr nt from our extreme
left to the French rLdit. Tln-y wore stationed ' :
in all the ravines and roads to the- town and I'
trenches, with orders r.? keep back all persons j1
except the licnor.ds and Staff, and officers and 1
men on duty, and to >t?.p all our men roturnimr
with plunder from the town, and to take I
it from them.
Mimjled with the plunderers from the front j '
were many wounded num. The ambulancenever
ceased, now moving heavily and slowh
with their burdens, ajrain rattlinir at a trot t-? i
the front for a now cartro, and the ground he- i 1
j
twecn the tiCliches and the camp was studded ,
with earelets or mule litters. Already the ! .
funeral parties had commenced their labor-.? !
The Ru?iaiis all this time were swarming on '
the north side, and took the liveliest interest ['
in the progress of the explosions and eoiiflair- i
rations. They took up ground in tln ir old , ,
eaiups. and swarmed all over the face of the J
hills behind the northern forts. Their steamers
cast anchor, or were mo.?red close to the
shore amoner the creeks, on the north side,
near Fort Catherine.
1 (
i?.. 1...*1.0. 1 i.\.
J>\ ULUl'T.^ IIIU * v CI I CI ?.(!? 1 It'll Hi Ull'l 1*11- ; (
:'i>h. and staff officers. edged down upon the J j
. wii. I?i;t F?-vt Paul had not yet gone up. and j |
Fort Nicholas was burning ; and our engineers L
l-.'i-Iarcd flu- place would he unsati ..for forty- ..
ilit hours. Moving d?>wm Jiowevyr, on the j j
iirht flank four c.nairy pilots a "-mall par- ^
\ of us managed to turn thorn cleverly, and ..
o get out anions tiie French works between n
he Maiutdoii and Malakoff. The gvound i- ; ?
iere literally paved with -hot and shell, and
he surface i- deeply honeyeonibod by the ex- .
dosions of the bombs at every stjuare yard.? ..
['here were gha.-tly sights on the way. Pu? .
ians who had died, or were dyne! as they lay. j i
>rought so far towards the ho-pitals from tin* r
aithful Malakoff. Passing through a maze of j
renehes, of gabionnades, and of zigzags and j
jarallels. by which the" French had worked
heir sure and deadly way close to the heart |
)f the Russian defence, and treading gently i .
irnong the heap? of dead, where the ground -]
:?ears full tokens of the bloody fray, we come ; t
it last to the head of the French sap. It is ; v
jarcly ten yards from that to the base of the t
m go sloping mound of earth which rises full j .
:wcuty feet iu height above the level, and ; 'j
shows in every direction the grinning uiuzzle 1 v
)f its guns. The tri-color waves placidly from j y
ts highest point, and already the French are 1 ]
busy constructing a semaphore on the top.? ' i
*tep briskly out of the sap?avoid those poor 1 v
uangled braves who are lying all around, and j ,
,'ome on. There is a deep ditch at you'* feet v
tome 20 or 22 feet deep, and 10 feet broad. a
fee, here is the place where the French crossed?hero
is their bridge of planks, and here
hey swarmed in upon the unsuspecting defenlers
of the Malakoff. They had not 10 yards j
o go. We had 200, and were then out of i
n'cath. Were not planks better than scaling '
adders ? Fee how easily the French crossed. l"
fou observe on your right hand, as you issue
rom the head of the Freuch trench, a Hue of c
rabions on the ground running up to this | *'
>ridge. That is a flying sap, which the French j
nadcthe instant they got out of the trench in- j 0;thc
Malakoff, so that they were enabled to j h
>our a continuous stream of mcu into the i11
vorks, with comparative safety from the flank J
ire of the enemy, lu the same way they at |
j x... In ,i.? v d
hiitu uuii a tiuiiuii ciliujs* niu wunv iu.muc, iu i cc
if there were any galvanic wires to fire j
nines. Mount the parapet and descend?of ^ P
vhat amazing thickness arc those embrausres ! | K
'rom the leve l of the ground inside to the top ! I
if the parapet ennuot be less than 18 feet.? 11
[here are eight rows of gabions piled ouo above h
he other, and as each row recedes towards '<
he top it leaves in the ledge below an excel- 0
ent banquette for the defenders. Inside the ?
ight is too terrible to dwell upon. The French 11
ire carrying away their own and the Russian d
rounded, and there are live distinct piles of h
lead formed to clear the way. The ground ul
s marked by pools of blood, aud the smell is a'
ilready noisome; swarms of flies settle on dead a
,nd dying; broken muskets, torn clothes, caps,
hakos, swords, bayonets, bags of bread, can- g
eons and havresaeks are lying in indiseribablc
rrcck all over the place, mingled with heaps
if shot, of grape, bits of shell, cartridges, case w
nd canister, loose powder, official papers and &
ooking tins. The traverses are so high and a!
leep that it is impossible almost to get a view b
f the whole of the Malakoff froin any one spot,
ud there is a high mould of earth iu the uiid- j li
He of the work, either intended as a kind of 11
hell proof, or the remains of the old White T
'our. The guns, which to the number of
ixty were found in the work, are all ship's > it
uns, and mounted on ship's carriages, and si
rorked in the same way as ship's guus. There ; c
re a few old-fashioned, oddly-shaped mortars. ; t?
.ook around the work, and you will see that j tl
he strength of the Russian was his weakuess? g
c fell into his own bomb proofs. Iu the para- ri
et of the work may be observed several en- tj
ranees, very narrow outside, but descending end
enlarging downwards, aud opening into ui
oouih some four or five feet high aud eight or e1
en square. These are only lighted from the 01
was a period of rest and amusement ; but as
the light began to dawn and the spring to draw
nigh, preparations were made fur sledging.
Marly in the spring the Newfoundland dogs
were exceedingly useful in carrying burdens;
they were indeed invaluable for short excursions;
six of them would draw a burden varying
from live hundred to eight hundred pounds,
at a dog trot of four miles amhonr. They
would travel thirty miles a day for several days
in succession. These dogs, however, were not
adapted for this climinh-^nd the first winter
only two of them survived. Most of them
' died in eohvulsions apparently suTeri.ng from
! I i-im '
utsidc by day, and must have been pitch dark
t night. unless the men were allowed lanterns,
lere the garrison retired when exposed to a
icivy bombardment. The odour of these naruw
chambers is villainous, and the air recks
rith blood and abominations unuiterable.?
"'here are several of these places, and they
iiight set defiance to the heaviest mortars in
he world; over the roof is a layer of ship's
nasts, cut in junks and deposited carefully;
hen there is over them a solid layer of earth,
ml above that a layer of gabions, and above
hat a pile of earth again. Fu one of those
hugeous, which is excavated in the solid rock,
ml was probably underneath the old White
Power, the olTicer commanding seems to have
ived. Tt must have been a dreary residence,
fhe floor and the entrance was littered a loot
loop with reports, returns, and perhaps dispatches
assuring the Czar that the plaeo bad
ustained no damage. The garrison were in
hose narrow chambers enjoying their siesta,
vhirh they invariably take at 12 o'clock, when
he French burst in on them like a torrent.
I ml as it were drowned them in their holes.
I'he Malakulfis a closed work; i; is only open
it the rear of the town, and the French bavin:
onoe got in threw open a passage to their
wn rear, and closed up the front and lateral
onimunieations with the curtains leading to
he tlivat lledan and to the Little lledan.?
Llius t!u v were enabled to p<>ur in their .-up
Ports, in order and without loss, in a confine
d stream, and to resist the eflbrts of the
llu.-sians, which were desperate ami repeated,
o retake the place. They brought up their
'u Id guns at oueo ar.-l -wept the llu?ian
wcrves and supports, while Strang -'- battery
V im the t htarries carried death through tle ir
:iuk> in every quarter of the Karab.-lua'a.?
With the Malakoff the cneiny lo.-t S? ba.-: ; ol.
r 1? dr. h out-ide toward- the North was \et
till of Fretieh and llu--iaii.- piied over each
>tln r in horrid eonlu.-ion. < hi tlm right, to
warns the Littif Kenan. the orounu wn.- nteri!
1 v -tr* Wed with bodie-as thiek as theycoiiM
i<\ and in the ditch thin- were j iio-1 o\vr eaeh
-th'-r. I fore the Ftvneh. victorious in the
Malakoff. met w ith a heavy lo? ami a series
f severe repulses. The llus-ian- lay in.-id'ho
Work in heaps like carea.--?- in a l?ur
nrt. ami the wounds, the blood?the -i-jlit e.\vened
all T had hitherto witnessed. Iv-mvii'111
from the Malakuif we come upon a >u urb
of ruined houses open to th^ >ea: it iille'l
with dead. The llu--ians have mvpr.
way into holes and corner- in every house, to
lie like poi.-oued rat<: artillery h..r>o>. with
heir cntrals torn open by -lift, nr.- -tretehod
II over th^.-pace at t'.. ' ,i..-k . ft! Mal.ik '1.
narking the place whore tin- Ilu-sim- l'movd
ip their last column to retake i-. umiertho vr
of a heaw tiohi battery. Kwrv In u <\ t!
huri-h. some public bnil-'i n;?. sentry I- -.
11 alike are broken and riddled by i-anmo:
ml mortar. Tnruimr to the !??fr we proceed
iy a very tall -now-white Waii of o-reat ! "-.'ill
o the iloekyard tratewav. Tie is ] ierced am!
iroken through and thion-ii with t-anm i.?
n-ide are the docks. whieh. nav al men -r-y.
ire unequalled in the world. .\ 'f.um-r iilazimr
meiTilv in one of them, tiate-am!
tore sides are splintered and pierced hy -hot.
[m . .. ^1. . A ^ 1 \ 1__. .. 1 1 'i i '
i nerc ;in.' tn<? sr:ir?.*iy i<??-;<y:ini i>usi?1111lt- ?>i?
he riirht. which used t<> I? ik so dean :m?i
vhite and -pruce. 1 'ajt- ?#f thorn:?r?? 1*
o atoms and han?r together iu>u-Is slin*?ls and
mtehes that it is only wonderful rhoy cohere.
rhe soft white stones of which flu y an 1 the
tails are made are readily knocked to pieces
>y a cannon shot. Fort Paul is untouched.
L'liere it stands, a* if frowning defiance at it>
nipendimr fate, riirht before us, and warning'
'oices bid all people to retire, and even the
nost benevolent retreat from the hospital,
illicit is in one of these buildings, where tlicy
re tending the miserable wounded.
- - ? From
the New York Sou of October 1'J.
THE ARCTIC EXPEDITION.
The chief interest rejrardinjr Lieut. Kane's
Expedition will now centre upon the offi- ial
eport, which it is expected will soon be pubished.
We will learn from it, with more predion
than from any desultory statements made
rorn memory, the extent and value of the
Expedition's operations and discoveries. The
encral results arc already known, but the ofcial
report will eon firm and illustrate their
nportaut bearing ou Arctic exploration.
lo tuo coiupreiicnsivc narrative puousneu
csterdav, we add the following further iucicuts
and details :
About the first of September found the ex- i
edition with bay ice forming about them pret- i
y thick, in latitude 7-S degrees 87 minutes.? 1
lore they found a deep bay running between ;
ivo headlands. They found in this bay a good i
arbor and moored their ships there. This I
mined their first winter harbor in the winter ;
f 7>8 and '54. The year iu this latitude is
ivided into four portions, two of which are
Iteruate day and night, each of two months'
uration ; one of four months with the sun
elow the horizon during the entire 24 hours;
nd one of four mouths with the sun continu- '
lly above the horizon, revolving in one circle j
bove the horizon.
On August 22 the party lost the sun alto- '
ether. It went at a dip below the horizon fur J
ic first time, and the nights began gradually j
) increase?grow longer?until October 22, j
hen?having the day previous just raised his
ice above the horizon?the sun vanished ;
jain, and did not honor thorn with his smiles i
>r four months more. At twelve o'clock for
vo or three weeks there was considerable twight,
but this was soon lost, when for three
loutlis the twilight was very iuconsiderable.
'he moonlight days and nights were beautiilly
bright. The vast expanse of snow and
e, with its million of mirrors reflecting the
lvery rays of the moon, produced a brillian- j
y, beauty and grandeur wholly inconceivable !
?those who have never made an excursion to
lese regions. These illumined scenes were
enerally edged by black, scraggy and barreu
jcks, which added to the mysterious sublimi1
of the whole. The first winter which this
spcdiiion experienced is remarkable for being
ae of the severest and the luugestiu darkness
rer experienced by civilized man. A portion
f the first wiuter passed very smoothly. It
I M- KJil . -w
lii ihi? month of .Mnr*h the ]?;?rty was visit- .
I ed 1 iv some Ksi|uiinnu\*. ut' whose existence in ,
that region I>r. Kane was nut before aware.? ,
j They came in slcdjres. drawn hy line lartre do?js.
1 evid. ntly of a superior hived ; these do^s ,
1 would make a journ -v <?i' sixty miles a day for ,
! several weeks, earrvimr i -iiitrle man, and in ',
* . I
some iiistanees two men. Iiuliind iliein. Tlie ' :
slcdu'es were etui m-lv formed ; some were j
made ?.f hundreds of pieces of bono lashed . (
together with strings made of the oisook, a j :
J lar-e seal. A few ol'iln-ni were made of wood, i
! Tlmre can seareelv he a neople less depeiident j ,
i upon tlie asMstan .? of civilized men than these I j
; M<i|uiiiiaux. To he >ur\ they have their pie- ,
I ccs of iron in their hait oons, hut even their i ^
: l.oiei s :ire i'.niu 'l ??f he sharpened horn of i ,
: tie1 unicorn hi many respects tl.c.-e people ,
present tlie l.av -st form uf human rv. Their .
. ... . " 1
iiutioiis <?f rcliei oi are lin^ly crude, and ;.
re.-eniMf that desi-ril-ed I 1'arrv ii: his vovavres ! .
i a- hi-lt.n?iu?* to the Labrador M.-ij;imaux. (
I h. y are ptos>Iv liSthy in t!u*ir liaidts. and i ,
indulge in c.f^i Icralde 1- u-en.'ss if life. e>pe- 1 (
ci.dlv ill I Ur \Vtcrcii11PSc I. " rile tJ'V.'S TlleV
hive niiir^ukVui' ;">d '' which arc
' v?*ry ?in.t^A|faml apparently art l?*riv. >1 of (
, viri iii- qfijLjnon-. lit ll. s they : l.-o resemble
t!ic x described hy I'arry. The,
if.- uttc^^ftiardle-s "f ail lienor except in a
very t'? in which they appear to be
i anxiu't?^ l.tain article-of iw:'ul value ?
limy aj^Fmeiirriuible th cv-s. nvnltim_ly !ilt!iy
in their person.- ami habitaticiis. ami live
! a.- much >n raw a- >n ei-nk d fle>h. which they
eat \> r.i? ieU.-ly am! > i;?>rim>u>lv. Tlmy appear
ti> 1-e inj'j y ami ^ ?"! natuivd i ? th ir way, l 'lt
if -eeii> liny are gradually Iy ii: _ nit. They
have 11 i k\acks. Their j?riuei[>:4 support is
the walrus. tile bear, ami th7i an'c. (a small .
' bi 1-tI whieii -Warms ill tile Arctic iolis ; j DC- j
, > t.-iuiially tie \ catch u^ai'ie, ami soiuetini.
ev a. tin U.'ii raiviy. ;y .Tie whales. All
their lb hi 11.- ha-d be -an* 1 n in ihe cracks
i
of the i.-.*
Th"i have a -ilky -uspieL-u ct a beard.
1 which 11i-: 1!?_:ni-!?< - th in frmn tie' Labrador
v-ijiiii.! tiw an?l thev are uctirfally smaller,
li u_'h tl> r .'i*c aim n_'tliem so io reinarkably
;.!: - j ; ;i. 11 - ? -. 1 | lMeC .-eiMUS to
. ! lie ::yhi* and ?!i-;:;.;>i .rii:-- : t i.- -apposed
tiiat th-.'fc are m?t im-re than a liKtulr-'d ??t tlmm t
tV m ( ajakft rk to Littleton islam'.. sonic live
or -ix htttBcd mile- The-- lisipinianx vis- 1
iti ! !'r. ?Vpai-;y. and a trade t.t< opened
with liieind^Tle v !* tnaiued only t'?r tt day ">r i
two ; lie iib-^niiife Was -cell m t'ttM during
, the -priim'Ty
, The fel.ii, heme was. perhnp* attended
with the -_re. -r darners, am! the li.l!..w;:nr
ceonnr i ?iven nf it. Tin v Itadi xhau-ted 11
Llieirfuel.au ! their provisions reiua liim were I
I ItO' suited to the climate. The -ecnd winter 1
was au ex t rem I\ n Idune. Mvtvn-gives l-o- :
j luw zero was freijucutly rocori<d aiiii the ( !
monthly averages wore o0 and 4?> icg-rec.; be- ,
j low zero. The ice showed no paw-poet of
j breaking up. Careful surveys wee made as
' late as the 1st of May, when the w-ter was at
j least seventy or eighty miles from t ie ship.? 1 *
! ft being beyond question that the ship must v
| remain there, the boats got under weigh, and ; 1'
| the greatest speed used in fitting tlcm up.
I As si on as the boats were got ron ly, the pro-1('
visions were placed in them, water-proof arti-1 c
cles being got up as well as their shabby re-; r'
; sources allowed. For a lack of paint they 1
! were obliged to use that detestable mixture of tar
and pitch, of which it is written, '-Neman v
| shall touch without being defiled." They i 11
' were again reminded of it when they came to I d
! eat their bread. The bread was pounded into ()
j powder, packed into canvass bags, and laid (;
| down so as to- fill up the space between the ;
thwarts of the boat, just,room enough remain- <1
; ing for the legs of the oars-men TITere were P
| three boats, one of which, the Dingy, was soon
j broken up for fuel. A couple of stanchions 1'
i were provided, about five feet in each boat, ! v
i and a tent-cover stretched over'hum. and tied 1
down to the gunwales. The Uuffalo robes, a t'
few blankets and a tarpaulin, composed sleep- 11
ing accommodations, of the party. They had D
eighty miles to go upon the ice, but as their I 0
party were weak, both in numbers and in health I
they were obliged to take one boat at a time, ; h
the hammocks in the ice were often three and j
four feet high, and the eighty nales were tra- !l
versed by many of the party several times ; ?
over The ship was left about the 20th May ;
ami they were a month iu traversing the eighty
miles of ice. In one single day, after launching
their boats, they made, by a splendid sail,
almost as much as they had during the month
previous.
Passing Sutherland island, they came within
ten miles of Hakluyt island, where they j
were obstructed bv ice. The next day, how- !
ever, the ice opened with tide,[and they reached
that island. Here they were compelled to
stop for two or three days by the ice. They *
then went on to Dalrymple roclc, where they
were delighted to find thousands of fresh laid
eggs of the eider duck. They were detained
there by a south-west wind for a week, during
wliii.li timr? flum lii-nil filninaf pntli.nlr. nn ?>
n IJIVI' wuiu H1VJT ii? vv* i.iiuuov V/II 44
They then packed down a thousand, and sailed 1
tor Natilick, an Esquimaux settlement,, where o
they supposed their man Hans Was. He had a
left the ship in the spring and gone to the Es- 1
quimaux, with whom he was on very intimate t,
terms. It was said that he was offered the hand r
of the daughter of ouc of the chiefs, and that 1
he left the party with royal notions in his head, c
They met little obstruction from ice, and when b
they did they were generally delayed only until
the next tide. s
At last they wore gratified and delighted at y
the sight of Cape Dudley Diggs, which is well s
cnown to whalers. From there they ran on
intil they met the ice oil' the great glacier, a
ittle north of Cape York. Here they were
Ictaincd by the ice for a week, but as their
juarters were near an immense eooncry, where
muntless thousands of birds kept up a continlal
cawing, and they were able to shoot as
nany as they pleased, they were not very iinpatient.
Each man eat one or two of them a
neal, and they made up for lost time. At last
.he ice released them, and without very much
ibstruction they arrived at Cape York about
die middle of July. During the passage they
ived principally 011 the little ank. with which, J
lor unit's and miles north o! t ape York, the
tir is continually darkened. The Happing of
heir wings made a noise like the roar of the
<ea. No idea can be formed of the abundance
north of Cape York, which seems to be their
southern limit in summer. When shot at they
try to escape by diving, and you always have a
hanco to blaze away at them again. Hounding
Cape York, they passed into Melville Bay.
Hushing on boldly, and venturing now and
then into the pack iee, they once more came
into op n waterand descried the Devil's Thumb.
I fere they stopped no longer than was necessary
for rest, and availing themselves of every
favorable wind, they soon reached the Horse's
Head, a promontory near f 'pernvavik. Stopping
a day ?>r two there, they set sail with a
-pli-ndid wind, but so >n a fug came on. They !
ivoro proceeding slowly through the fog, when J
ihey heard a loud cry. which tliev recognised ;
is proceeding from a civilized Kst|uimaux.? J
I'liey were astonished, on pulling in the direc-1
lion of the sound, to sec? a Danish boat with (
ivhite men on board. From these they learn-1
d of the expedition in search of them, and j
he Danish news of the world generally.?
rhenee tli-v made their way to hievely, Cap- i
sin I f:iit>t: in arrivine' there a week later.
THE WORLD IS FULL OF BEAUTY.
There i- ' ? :?;ity in the fwiv-t
W'lienr the tr: e> are glT'MI :l!lil fair:
There i- henutv in the iiie:i.l. w
Where wiM-tluWei*-' seeiit the air :
Tie re i- beauty in tin- -uiiliglit
Ami li. --.ft. blue heani al.??ve ;
"!. ! th" w. 1 Li is t'nil ..t' beauty
Wlieti the In art i.- full ?>t" love !
There is beauty in the fountain,
Miigiiiji gaily at it< |'!av.
While the rainliow hue* are glittering
'?n it- sjlvery. Diiniiig -pray :
There is beauty in the streamlet.
Mnrinuiin r ?ofily through the grove:
fill! the worbl is full of beauty
When the heart is full of l??ve !
There is beauty in the moonlight
When it falls- uooti the sen.
While the b'lie. tVifie.t-i'1>'U"tv?
Dance ami frolic b.yoitsly :
Tliern's beauty in the lightning glo.uni:?
That e'er the <lar'i w ives rove;
' 11 ! the irorM i- full of beauty
When the heart i- full of love!
There i- beauty in the brightness
J?e;imiii2 ft"' in a !"ving eve:
In the warm b!u-ii <?f alb etioii!
D: ih tear . f -yin- atiiy !
Til I lie sweet, low Voire whose accent-'
The sjvrit's gladness prove !
till! the wor' i is t'uli of beauty
When the heart is full of love!
From the Rielimoirl Kmjui'.vr.
THE PROPER COURSE.
Wo ask attention t > Mr. \\ s pungent
ml admirable reply to the invitation of the
jnstoii Anti-Slavery Committee to deliver a ;
centre in lloston on the <nbj??ct of slavery.? t
?lr. Wist: has taken exactly the right position
?one that should be followed out by every
fuuthoru man. similarly called upou :
[CORRESPONDENCE.]
!?oston, September 19, 1835.
Hon. TTenrvA. Wise: Dear Sir : Ai
cries of lectures upon the subject of Slavery :
ras intimated and very successfully conducted j
lore during the past winter, as you may have j
wanted from the papers of the day. The au-; (
liences were large and intelligent, and the i
ard enclosed will indicate to you the charae- .
er of the lectures.
During the next season, a larger number of
cutleinen from the South will be invited to fa- >
or us with the views prevalent in their vicinty,
thus, in connection with others, presenting,
uring the course, every shade of opinion up- i
n the question. The respectful attention ac-1
orded to (icn. Houston last winter, gives as-;
uraucc that arguments and opinions from that!
uarter will be candidly heard and duly ap-1
rcciated.
You are hereby respectfully invited to devcr
one of the lectures of the course on slaery,
at the Tremont Temple, in this city, on j
'Imrsday evening. January 10, 1850, or if m
l..* ?.:n ~ -i ! >
iicib Liiiiu >yiii uutnuit vuui iuuuis, piuasc i
lcntion at once what Thursday evening, be- i
ivecn the middle of December and the middle i
f March next will best accommodate you. i
The amount paid to the lecturer will be 8150, ! 1
e bearing his own expenses. ] i
Please favor with an immediate answer, and, j ?
t your earliest convenience thereafter, trans-1 1
lit the particular phase of the subject that j i
ou will present. Your obedient servants, r
Sam'l G. IIowe,
Pliys. k Supt. Blind Institution, i (
John 31. (.'lark, Iligh Sheriff. j ]
Sam'l May, .Merchant. ; j
Piiilo Sanford Ex-Treasurer State.
Natii'l B. Suurtleff, 11
Phys. k Antiquarian, j
Joseph Story. Prcs't Pom. Council, i
Tijos. Russell, Judge. Ij
Jas. W. Stone, Phys. i
Lddress Dr. Stone. 1
[copy] i
Ol.ney, nearOnancock, ]
Accomac County, Va., Oct. 5, 1855. <
Gentlemen :?On my return home, after an ?
bseucc of some days, I found yours of the I
9th ult., "respectfully inviting me to deliver s
nc of the lectures of the course on Slavery, ?
t Troniont Temple, in the city of Boston, on i
'hursday evening, January 10th, 1850; or. if j i
liat time will not suit my engagements, you
equest that I will mention at once what i
Thursday evening, between the middle of De- t
ember and the middle of March next, will <
est accommodate mo." (
Now, gentlemen, I desire to pay you due re- I
poet, yet you compel me to be very plain with
ou, and to say that your request, in every t
ease, is insulting and offensive tome. What I
-Ww* *
subject of slavery have you "initiated" lectures
upon ? I cannot conceal it from myself
tliatyou have undertaken, in Boston, to discuss
and to decide whether my property, in Virginia,
ought to remain mine or not, and whether
it shall be allowed the protection of laws, federal
and State, wherever it may be carried or
may escape in the Tinted States; or, whether
it shall be destroyed by a higher law than constitutions
and statutes !
Who are you, to assume thus such a jurisdiction
over a subject so delicate and already
fixed in its relations by a solemn compact between
the States which are sovereign 'i I will
nut obey your summons nor recognize your jurisdiction.
You have no authority and no justification
for thus calling to account at the bar
of your tribunal, and for thus arraigning an
institution established by laws which do not
reach you and which you cannot reach, by calling
on me to defend it.
You send me a card, to indicate the character
of the lecturers. It reads :
" Adii it the bearer and lady to the Independent
Lectures on Slavery. Lecture Committee,
S. G. Howe, T. Gilbert, George F.
Williams, IIcnryT. Parker, W. Washburn,
B. B. Mussey, W. B. Spooucr, James W.
Stone."
It is endorsed :
" Lectures at the TremontTemple, Boston,
1854-5. November 23, Hon. Charles Sumner,
Rev. John Pierpont, poem. December7,
Hon. Salmon P. Chase of Ohio. December
14, Hon. Anson Burlingamc. Dec-ember 21,
Wendell Philips, Esq. December 28, Cassius
M. Clay, Esq., of Kentucky. January 4,
Hon. Horace Greely. January II, Rev.
Ward Beecher. January 18, Hon. John P.
Hale. January 25, Ralph Waldo Einuierson,
Esq. February 8, Hon. Nathaniel P. Banks,
Jr. February 15, Hon. Lewis D. Campbell,
of Ohio. February 22, Hon. Samuel Houston,
of Texas. March 1, Hon. David Wilmot,
of Pennsylvania. March 8, Hon. Charles
W. L'phaui."
All Honorable and Squires, except those
who are 'Reverends!' The eard does verilv
/
indicate their characters by simply naming
them. And your letter, gentlemen, is franked
by .< C. Sumner U. S. S." With these characteristics,
I am at no loss to understand you
and yuur purposes.
You say, " during the next scssiou, a large
number of gentlemen from the South will -be
invited," &?., &c. I regret it, if any others
can be found in the slaveholding States to accept
your invitation. You plead the example
of (Ion. Houston. Tt is the last ( would fol!<
w. I have no doubt that you ecorded very
respectful attention to him last winter, and
were very grateful for his services in your
cause.
You offer one hundred and fifty dollars to
be paid to the lecturer, he bearing nis own expenses."
Let me tell you that Tremont Temple
cannot hold wealth enough, to purchase
one word of discussion from me, there, whether
mine, lk-re, shall be mine or not; bur I am
ready to volunteer, without money and without
price, to upprcss any insurrection, and repel
any invasion which threatens or endangers the
State Rights of Yiiginia, or my individual
rights under the laws and constitutions of my
country, or the sacred t'niun, which bind.'lave
States and Free together in one bond of
national confederacy, and in separate bonds of
Independent Sovereignties!
fn short, gentlemen, I will not deliver one
of the lectures of the course on slavery, at the
Tremont Temple, in Boston, on Thursday
evening, January 10th, 1850 ; and there will
be no Thursday evening between the middle
i .v.?? .?? ?,1 flu 1111,1,11.-* Af'iivib iiiivt nv I
i.'ttgiiiugi mm iu\. iiuumi^ V/?. .'HU VH w.
between that and doomsday, which will best
accommodate me for that purpose.
T give you an immediate answer, and, at my
earliest convenience, indicate to you that <ithe
particular phase of the subject" that I will
present is. deliberately: to fight if we must.
Your obd't servant,
Henry A. "Wise.
To Sam'l G. Home, Phys. and Superind't.
Blind Inst; Jno. M. Clark, High Sheriff,
Sam'l May, Merchant; Philo Sauford, ExTreasurer
State; Nath'l. B. Shurtleff, Phys.
and Antiquarian : Joseph Story, Prcs't.
Com*. Council ; Thos. Russell, Judge ; Jas.
W. Stone, Phys.
From the South Carolinian.
A FAMILY POISONED.
A very distressing incident occurred, on the
jvening of the Gth instant, in the family of
:he Rev. Dr. Leland, of this city, involving
ilmost the entire household in the most imminent
peril of a violent death, from which they
vere rescued by a providential interference alnost
miraculous. The circumstances of this
ippalling event, we: t briefly these: Towards
sundown, one of the ladies was preparing, with
nmn Vi.inrla Srtllio ViisfMIlt for t./Vl !1 n d hv
nistakc she mingled with the flour a fatal
quantity of Arsenic, which had been procured
ind prepared for the destruction of rats, with)ut
her knowledge. The quantity used was
probably two tea spoonfuls, sufficient to have
tilled twenty strong men.
This poisoned food was eaten, in greater or
ess amount, by Mrs. L., her two daughters
ind a grand daughter; also, by several servants.
The immediate effect was violent pain
ind nausea. One hour, however, passed beore
the cause was discovered. As soon as the
aorrihlc fact was known, Drs. Fair and Grain
ivere in prompt attendance, and adopted the
uost energetic measures to afford relief. The
deadly substance was soon ejected from the
stomachs of all in a short time, excepting in
:hc case of Mrs. L., who was subjected to a
succession of most violent emetics for five or
?ix hours, before tlio fatal substance was thrown
ip. And when ejected, it was a black foetid
miss, evincing the most deadly characteristics.
While the others, involved in this calamity,
/erv soon recovered, the mother having suffered
more severe and protracted pain, was exceedingly
prostrated, and has not yet obtained
entire relief, though she is decidedly convalescent.
This painful event is made public, for sov. ral
good uud sufficient reasons. Oue is, that
die aumeroua fiieads of the family in all por
tions of the United States may have authet
tic information, as to the real facts of the ensand
may be guarded against false and exa.
gerated reports. Another motive for public
tion, is to afford a warning to all families, t
exclude from their houses this terrible aget,
of death. Its presence produce? a diretv
possibility of hurrying a whole family to th
grave.
Another reason is, to call the attention o
the Faculty to the causes, why this dead!
poison could remain in the stomach for severs,
hours, without fatal results, when one-tenth o
the quantity taken in liquid, would have beer,
almost instantly fatal. <
A final, and perhaps the strongest, induce^V\%i
Ktfl in f A A ATa Afnoll TT .
uu:ui lui tuia ^uitcuicui'j to IU cttt^iuajij
vent all suspicion or injurious reports as to my
agency of servants in this deplorable affair.- The
sad mistake was made by one of the dau- *ters
of the family, and the poison obtained
her mother without 'her knowledge. Apart
of the servants partook of the biscuit, and sut
fcrcd like the whites. And those servant.
who did not eat the deadly food, evinced tl.
most severe distress on the occasion, and vo:
untarily spent a sleepless night in vain attemp*
to give relief. It should be added that Dr. 1
himself was saved from a personal participa
tion in the peril, by his absence from home, t
supply the pulpit of the Church in Winnsboro.
So that it pleased God that this terrible
calamity should fall upon a household composed
exclusively of females.
In conclusion, Dr. L. earnestly and affection ately
invites his relations, fricuds and breth. a
in the ministry in the South, North and West,
to unite with him in humble and devout gratitude
aud thanksgiving to Almighty God. for
so gracious and signal a deliverance from a
calamity so utterly overwhelming.
Columbia S. C., Oct. 10, 1855.
SUMMER IS ENDED.
Summer is euded; the sun iu his anuu"
pathway has crossed the equatorial Hue onmore,
and left our Northern Pole in anoth.
six months' night. His moontide rays fa
more and more aslant across our own field
and grow weaker and weaker in their powr
to warm and enlighten. The shadows lengt
en cveu at midday, and point in the dirccti<
whence comes chillness and frost. The enc?*
of vegetable life has scarcely yet touched
or flower with his destroying finger, but 11
evident to the observant eye, that the pevi..
of vigorous growth has passed away, and ilia
the season is about to fall into the "sear am
yellow leaf." As the grey of approachingag<
manifests itself here and there amid the raver
locks of manhood even in its prime; as a ting'
of brighter color liirhfs up the youthful cheer
of the consumptive with a premonitory symptom
of impending doom, so does the chaugin;
green of the summer foliage indicate its up
proaching fall.
Rut amid these indications of a oomiiu
change, there is mingled an infinite amount o
present enjoyment and future hope ; the get!
ered harvest., the mellowing fruit, the rip< nil
j nut. the prospect of a respite from summer toi:
and the approach of winter enjoyments, ti
scattering of epidemic diseases before i
health-bearing breath of a polar atmosphm
the new lease of existence which will be giv
t<> thousands of our suffering fellow mcu, who?
only hope is in a return of a cooler and a pun
air, the quicker pulsations of young and lu
i i . ?i.' 1 1.1.
jik;, which uuuuus icapuiiM\c iu iuc ureain .?
l winter, aud drives back his icy approaches b
a more vigorous activity of the vital powers
all unite to render the prospect of the cotniup
death-like sleep of all vegetable life, pleasing
as well as melancholy.
Seed time and harvest has come and gone;
it has been a seed time of evils and a harvest
of death in many respects, as well as one of
good, and a harvest of life. Seed time ard
harvest will come and go again aud again V
the end of time. It hasbccu promised by One
potent to redeem the pledge, and who never
changes his purposes; but they not alwa\>
come and go to us, for each succedin? season
finds the ranks of the sowers and reapers gradually
made up of new recruits. IIow secdily
does an entire change take place in all the la
borers in life's great field! Here a Vetera!
retires and one of middle age fills his place,
to grow old in turn; there a middle ag6d reaper
faints and falls out of the ranks, but the
gap is suddenly closed up by a new comer; in
uuothcr part of the field a youthful laborer, full
of activity and hope, is stricken down, but his
place is speedily made good, aud the work of
time goes bravely on.
And yet, we have each an individual destiny
to fulfill, aud au individual duty to perform
whpflipr veo <snw with ji hrn:irh?r nr i rcimv.Trn,.
.I..VWMV* " v -V M M ?V?* M vivMMvt w? u uutiyu vt
cast j whether we cut the harvest with a widesweeping
and lusty stroko or till the place uf
humble gleaners in the great field ; it is the
manner in which we perform our part, that
will tell upon our future well being. It is uof
the mau of the greatest intellect, nor he wh<occupies
the highest place, that will receiv?
the greatest reward at the Harvest Home j bu
he who does his whole duty to the best of hi.
ability, whether his station be lofty or low. 1.
becomes us then to strive iu the summer >.
life to garner up a harvest of good deeds, sue!,
as wiil support us in our wintry years, in tiiW
and tell in our behalf in the unchanging dur.-.
tion of eternity.
The President and Young America.?
While President Pierce was standing near the
hotel at which he had taken rooms, a li: !c
chap, of a few summers, finding his hatband
unbuckled, went ud to the President and ae
coated him, "Fix my hatbund, sir." "What
is your name'/" said the President. "Dobrce
<?Do you know mo?" <?Yes,
you are the President," said Young America,
<-tix my hatband." The Presideut fixed hi:
hatband, aud then Young America went to hiplay,
contented and happy that he, too, w
the President's peer.?Cliur lot tact He Rcpr
If a men be compassionate tow.i.
the afiiictionof others, it shows that his hex
is like t!v? noble tree that is wounded its.
vvh^n it gives the balm.?11 aeon.
[ tot 'Tia moaay that auk*) men lord*.
4