Tuedday Xornngd4 1
ad DURBEC h W , Auchla an
Commission Merohants, Columbia, 8. -0.,
are the authorized agents at that place, In
colleoting ahAsqiptions and advertisemente
for (he News. They will receipt for all
monies due, thie-offie. .
Mr. HENnY SCOTT, of Columbia, S.
C., has plabed us undor obligations to
him for late-New York and Richmond
papers. He . will pleao accept our
thanks for his favors.
Under the combination of some of our
cilizens and the military autl orities, the
public ,woll, in front of the market, has
been put in repair, and affc rds a good
supply of wnter. Those wio took an
interest in the matter deserve the
6alnks of the citizens living in the
ineighborhood of tho' well, for they can
now procure good water.
A refreshing shower ot rain fell on
Monday morning lat, which cooled the
htmo.,piere and caused vegetation to ap
pear reanimated. It was the first rain
-we had for three or four weeks, and was
very acceptable to mankind and brute
and vegetable creation.
Gov. B. F. Perry.
We announced, on Saturday morning
last, the appointment of the Hon. B -
JAMI!N F. PARY, of Greenville, S. C.,
by Prpsident JoiNstmN, as, Provisional
Governor of South Carolina.
In conversing generally, with our ci
tizens, they all seem to be satisfied with
the appointment. Mr. Psnny is a prac
tical man, and a statesman, and is well
qualified to preside over onr State in hor
present dist~racted condition.
The Columbia Pharix says of Gov.
PEanY10 1 - ..1 1 I:.
Mr. Petry, >a distinguizhed clawyer, a
man of fine morals, -excellent character
and sound, manly sense, has been
through life a consistent. Union man.
He perilled much fort! u Union iii'1832;
end, in addition to the great general
odium incurred by' the Union party in
that famous struggle, he risked his life
.in a P '1 bat, and we belove lost
cor ' ora : a vr pu r.prpctice.
Si the s :sg imost
ui kehly, ir tur' Le lature and in
all the fluctuations of parties and politics;
has maintained his consiatency as a 'gup
porter of tihe Union, *ithont forfeiting
the confideacq even of Oise citizens who
were hostile to hispolitics. 'le was op.
p tdresolutely to the secession of the
,tate, and 'regretted the measure to the
last. Nor is th'ereaiv'inconsistencv iii
liintourse by acceptance of a judiial of
fice Vhder a Government:fa t. He
recogized an existing condition of
things to which all his oiposition had
been vain, and mi$ht'well suppose that,
in a judicial espacity, he conld mitigate
Aland) moderata "the stifes' of party, and
arr'est those persecutions of the, unoffend
ing which migh happen to come before
the courts, H is acceptance of the'ofliee
ofa Judge 'of: the Confederate Court,
preceded, by a' few #6~elis only, the
dvnfall'6f the Gov-ernnment. We r4
~gardl Mr. Perry as'really one efthe moet
upeiceptionable persons wb&. could be
presented to the. United States authori-.
ties. The record is .its his favor through
From *ur Atgusta' exchaang/s we
* gtshUe tfo* ig' ieo in refere. to'
-the Jon.. Jtiryanw0W DAVrS.' It19" a-n
(xr~t frera a tolegraph~ ogqepathIdrpm
Fortress Mon-og -
''"As incorrecetatements,(not emanat.
ing frbm this'. ~i~t,) have appeared in
several' journal regarding the' health
. and, oondition- of Jeferonm D~avis we
would inform4he p'bljo that tui*-heAi,
at the~pre t'thl. Is dNd bettep "han
Olyde.
"This morning ize was aeen IDy our
informantepgs sepkin andy
Upn h thec~,o
wlm cto n
South. 0~ar exm ea~ *p~(
m 1l0 so inet(etve that the Jasati
m the t, will be t ne
the oint otl -ty
net, ,upot sufrage in Sout
jusp,q . we make in that
reilo par es o races--the b, mad
party and the white map's party, and
we Rhould not like to guarante", under
those circumstances, that so roibahti'a
,ense of -justice would-prevail. -it- the
North, that a majority of our pile
would sustain the blacks. Would it b4
wise to get up a political war of races at
this juncture ? Are we prepared for all
the incidents of such a conflict ?
Would it not be criminal rashness to
imperil all that we have gained in that
way?"
The following is the form of the par.
don granted by the President of the
United States to those whose petitions
are favorably received :
"Whereas, , by taking part in
-the late rebellion against the govern
ment of the United States, has made
himselfliable in heavy pains apd penal.
ties, and whereas the circulmstances of
his case render hin a proper ohject of
Executive clemency. ow, therefore,
be it known that I, Andrew Johnson,
President, do, hereby grant to hie said
-,, a full pardon and amnesty for all
offences by him committed, arising from
participation, direct or implied, in the
said rebellion, conditioned as follows :
This pardon to begin and take effect
from the day on which the said -
shall take the oath prescribed in the
proclamation of the President dated May
29, 1865, and to be void and of no effect
if the said - shall hereafter at any
time acquire any property whatever in
slaves, or make use of slave labor."
A correspondent of the New York
Herad, ivriting from Columbia, S. C.,
givA the following letter to that paper,
which we publish flor the information of
our readers. and to let them Ahe the cor
resifonden idan in general:
Co.Um arA, S -C.,Jue 21, 1865.
THE DIFFICULTIES AT.ENDING TRAVE!.
through the Southern States are greater
in South Carolina - than any section I
have yet visited. The railroads alolig
the line of which Sherman's armynmarch.
ed are completely obliterated. For
eighty miles not a vestige is left, with
the exception of the bed of the road and
bent rails. From Charlotte, N. 0:, the
road is running to the Catawba river, a
distance-of abont thirty wiles. At this
point the railroad bridge, consisting of
nie spane, y burned by Stoneomn.
Here the passengers alight and crQss the
river in a small boat, the pontoon bridge
-having been carriqd away by a recent
freshet. A walk of two miles through
the broiling sun brought us to the rail
road again, whele a train was in waiting
for Chestervillo. To Chesterville, a dis.
tance .of about forty miles, both the road
and rolling stock are in better condition
than any I have seen. The cars are in
good order, and the speed double that of
any road in Vir inia or North. Carolina.
Judging from :9 receipts ,the day I
came over it, I opine that the stockhold.
ers are not declaring very heavy divi.
dends at prerent. The number of pay
ing passengers was four, the balance
consisting of paroled rebel prisoners.
Ten miles beyond Chesterville and
eight miles fropi W innsboro', the road
terinates, leaving thirty~eight~iiles, to
Columbia tQ travet as best you ican.
Our mode of. onveyanace, and the only
one available, consisted of an old fasth
loned rebel kurmy wagon, drawn by fbut
roulet 4taz luty,wp irere oblig.
edto pay, tnuo4erate sinof fiteen
doflare ab I presume the raqw~
hiigher on aeeount of, havin'g oni~o the
phiwalric sons of the Palmetto State for
foibe patsk ptfor teni
tition and that tr would be 40(m epd
tod witWkn 'ot' 'iann6ther da,
he at onde raised lhi iee Lee diji ja
We et some slght apprhen sions on~
.taking so long', trip through the dn
try tI#pr~oe, e we lasudedw Wei409
the S:e "ankeesP' 4ho had been ovei
t .v nen unor~e gu$~~ss
anst bendh of ree&d tha fa
wdhut y r Ba'ventIure~
pbo .Jid U in the . Mfis tb *v6
I w asip first ri t and
SO er oftt
nd resif Lte to -to
" 1r, b-adi ~ted
sh Q elfeh* 4of 1
Ttie a torr re of du' than of
her less guilty sister States ; but now
thap the var is over and we look about
as-at 'the terriblo 'desolation existing'on
every side, we can !but .phink -that
though tbeir crime was great, altir pop
ishment.hasbeen equally so.
OOLUMUIA.
The once beautiful capital of South
Carolina did not escape t.6 avenging
hand of Sh'ermn. Her beutiful blocks
of elegant mansions and pnblio buildings
are in ashes. In one nigL.t twelve hun.
dred buildings were destroyed, and four.
teen hundred familles made homeless.
Eighty-f6ur squares, comprising 'at least
two-thirds of the city, are in ruins.
Probably no city of its size in the Uni
ted States cQuld compare with Columbia
in beautf or in wealth and refinement of
its inhabitants. There was its capital,
and h'ere were congregated the elite and
chivalry of the State. All that nature,
art and wealth could do to embellish and
adorn its streets and gardens and to
make it attractive had been done. The
streets arte wide and the walks lined
with eveiy variety of foliage mott at.
tractive to the eye. Flowers in infinite
number and variety are to be seen on
every side ; while the parks,- gardens
doerydrds are most tatsefully arranged.
The- can be but. little doubt 'that the
destrictioh of'Colutnbia was the w6rk of
our army. I have taken consideraible
pains to Apt the truth of the matter, and
it is the universal testimony of the citi
zens. its well as the negroes, that Sher.
man's troops went fron house to hoshse
with burning toohos setting 6.- to
them, atid in many 'Instances burning
them while orcupil by the families.
On Main-strect, the' principal basiness
stret In the city, not a single building
was left standing. These were. mostly
of brick, while Most Of the private res.
d'nces were built of wood. Among the
buildings saved are the South Carolina
Institute, Young Ladies' Seminary,
churches, Insane Asylum, the'elegant
residence- of General Wnde lfHampton;
together with quite a number of tivate
residencos on the outskirts of town.
ITrE UjJIanITAXTs,
froni the highest to the lowest, are to.
dny in the most abject state of poverty.
They have neithe# provisions nor the
wherewith to obtain them. People
who ocupy elegant mansions, and who,
n few wee since, - were worth their
thousands, are now pennies and with.
out the means of hnymig' the actual nie
cessaries of life. Ioney, there is none,
with the elception of a little pit' in cir.
dulation by the o9eers and soldiers of the
gar
-Ift ing with the citizens I find
them genendly ready and willitig to sub.
mit to, the neoe stiep of the case. bqt
Without any aba dofhme'nt o? the princi.
pies of State rights for' which they have
been contending., They say, "We are
compelled to aban4on the cate for the'
present, but, we hate you, and always
shall onnitinne to do so." In addition
to the hatred of the Yankees, they now
seem to feeltthe most bittet- hatreAd to.
wardh the nlgt. 'he tlegroes have a~l
learned that they are free, and, 'as is
usually the chas at'Itst, -most of them
stopped work both on the tlantktioris
andin he i hd congre a~d ima 'e
numbers at )pum iia. As there $ f's
South Carolinamnor' than doubts the
htimber of negroes than white peote let
(sm fond neeasta'y to hae a ilitary
Hanghton.a eduimandng .the Twen.mv
fifth Ohio Velunteeru,: was -aooordivy
setst o Coh,,mbia for tia putpose.. . ~3.
on arriing iwar thes tow* he kmuon th
*roads and stret ofthe oltybleldeuip
'with negoeh ;th6neit. usaorag he
anwt out and atd all the abl,b*4d
Meale ngrs And slt th,~n t4oric
eleaingth~ asbbiskeftdbi'te.6tned
'distriotb -Tlssyworke'al dy ishfole
y expeotng whes aM cate*ot 'e
An ordeV theu nsw e~im
ewne. dfl~~ua~e~
stndnaths ehdiihwlss
eken blitirauaisbis
thieeW~tguersME~ERN
Boutherp U say that
with eA 01 in propef
he I settled state oi
A IN ' 6i 'f so large w
body 1p ce, they wi
bebe ree r than slav.
They contend that the only source of
profit inl the State from slavery consisted
in the inerease, and that if we take away
the right of property ,4n.them they., wi
then havemany more- in the State than
they can possibly use to adiantagb.
TM SOIL OF AoUTIf CAHOLINA
is proverbially the poorest in the Sonth.
No effon has been made to reouperate,
but after it has beomo exhausted by the
continuous raising of cotton, it has been
allowed to go to waste and new ground
cleared up. It has been the policy of
the planter tq clear as much land as
possible, raise all the cotton and negroes
le could in a few years, and, aftertlho
soil became exhausted, he would be ri'ch
enough to emigrate to Louisiatia or some
other Western State, and bty a new and
larger plantation: This year there has
boon no cottqn of consequence planted
in the State. Large quantities of corn
and some wheit and oats comprise the
crop.
COTTON.
There ia considerable cotton scattered
over the State from last year's crop, in
ntall lot., but the great bulk of it has
been destroyed. In consequence of the
destruction.of the railroad, stoppage of
mails and facilities foi travel, the greater
lportion of the citizens are in the mopt
lamenitable state of ignorancq regarding
tifo rest of the oonntry. fany of them
still think. that the cesation of hostilities
is merely a truce, and that the linr will
be resumed itgain in a fev d'ys, while
others admit that the war is over., but
contend that the emanoipation of the
slaves is to, be graual, coveringx period
of (hirty yoars. All are ansious to Inow
who is to. he their Governor. When
asked who-they would prefar, they gen.
erally lilt upon Mr. Boyce. as the most,
available man for all parties. Ex.
Governor Aiken has been almost too
conservstivQ during the war to.gi
Patisfaction.to the leading- fire-eaters.
OAething above all others is apparent,
are snjugAted most completely
and horoughfy. The very conrse taken
by Sherman in his march through the
country did .,tpre towards ending the
war than a dozen victories. The reme
dy was severe but eficttlal. ' I am
informed by Colonel Haughtoin that the
oath -ckf allegiance is being very generally
t!ken by the inhabitants, and that there
is a very genieral desire to get the ,tate
government in working 'order as soon as
possib1e'. and to settle down to work,
The inhabirants with whom I have talk.
edapprooaite the fact: that their only
co.1rse. now is to work.: !hqy first want
to know on what terms tley are to be
received--whether they hav any riglits.
either in property br in the affairA of
State-and theun they tireready to .begin
work.
TutE RCTURrND'1I'llL soLDIERS.
Verj little trouble.hap*.curred in the
State from returned soldiers. In the tip.
per comnry, as they call it, raids were
made upon property lelonging to the
rebel government, and was appropiated
discrinaely; but when this was
gcole,, the diffeicuties ceased. Negroes
also, nsi oe mnstances, ianded together.
and organised a system of robbery from
thelplanters, who in. somegases' shot
them,. Which they were-andlorized to dg
by Colonel Haughtoii, "provided they
ceitd not otherwise protect themselves.
It will takesa long timt for the negrpes
te learn wvhat freedom is, and theoy will
now be obliged to work iherder thatt
ever to snajinin themselves and' fhrmi
lies." 'The idea of' freedonm is that they
cane live as they have been acnstomed
to 'see white people do, withoot-worlk,
##446at the'governent willefeetthehn,
Mma# iohl era agiue t Ple iby pt
tig ha'e~into their ' ~~1io wil
)ead to i~ealculagle inljpg to ghgts vyes
and the country8
TI'nes the go inu'e
capftkliga ditep WfhsE
orot 'irhebf .e
p rtit o rt 4 t
hian eitn~48 rrbndae on
ab: thIeot g Ii it
i reeWestern men.
y Yi h 00eston
severab'
.e in l teni
en 'u gold ap
pears to be a general feeling of istruit
in South Carolina of, papet inom
They were so sevle VtJ tq re.
con o e u l pa er o i r
There is wtv s.kbjeckupon 'l*h it is
impossible to talk with Southern people
without at once raising a breeze, and
tpdnwhich It is impesaible to reason
*ith them; and that Is tho.. pol Of
' titng nroes the rig t of m u a
Or fd i t tiey a4re it . No
amounit o reasoming Can- contnihjt
of the right- or'jnstice- ofthe- plan;and
nothing but the force of 'arm4 will ever
induce them to submit tp it1,7 U. MY
that the? give up their slaves ly;
but, when you come to put hihi '14U a
social or political equality with' uiat -is
more than we canIstand In -tiui they
may be Indtoed to graot th.pjvilege
upon certin. conditions, sno ,4 for in
stance, being able to read and 'write, and
the owner of a thousand dollars inigo"v.
emnment secutiies. I doubt the feasi.
bility of church membership. quAliAca
tions, as nine-tentls of them are non.
bers of the church.
As far as South arojna iP concerned,
I think it would be, lreetly safe to
place it upon the-groun of being able to
read and write, at the same time re
stricting the whites to the samo test.; for
ini the first year .there 'will b6 niote no
groea who possess that accomplishment
in the State than white people., The
negroes certainly are very desir6qs of
enlightenment, and the Aret use for their
freedbm,. as far as my experienee oes,' is
to klarn to read. Their dpportfmaities,
as yet, are very litnItedf as the citisens
do all in their power to disco it;
but itisfrequently thecase tlat' see
negroes, who, by some means have learn
ed to read, seated by ihe roadsde'teabh.
ing their'less enlightened brethren and
8iaters the alphabet. . Schoolg will un
dopbtedly be established as soon "s the
wainta of this class are. tnown at 'the
North.
THE 'fntsoN( LoCATED At Col.UMnIA,
where maur of our offlears were confined,
was the building erected as an addition
to- the Insane Asylum. Both the accom
modation and treatment of prisoners
ware far superior here to maiy parts of
the South.
I was a good deal amused at the con
.versationl of an intelligent colored dtiver,
who was pointing out the places of inter
est to us as he drove us about, the city.
Upon pausing the Insane Asylum'we
asked him if there were many conflned
there at present. -He said, --'No; there
are not many now, buti" says he; "Lord
bress you, Massa, you ought to have seen
h6w fast they tooked crazy after the
Conscription bill -was passed Why,"
said hei "they used to iftki hem
in by the hundred so craty.. that
they could not go.. into thp ,army:
but as, soon as the war was oypr they
had just 's much sense as i hive." This
same hegro told mhe that Wh'n 'soei of
of our prisoners were passing through
there, one of themn told hinm they1" had'
nothiffg to eat for two day..,H wvet/
of and bought lty. loaves of "brqad,.
which he, manae to slip -in to tli~u at
night. Hie was irgfohied on by some
petso that saw him, and "My gmy"
says he '"they gave rno J9mtfty
THE LADIICS op THK5~
takb their defeat mubbh o tdfe r
teh thes 'beh. "Thy are bitWefoir
1A *dofen iltigs ber'
cook their own l.
#f sr bco tentn e
th ei bewis and earn meal
~hiwhtp adagquan
satq it and
th . strengthb
at the.
MkcodniIbp. The
sitk r the mea. nor ambi.
sir 1~apents,
jthink
anir
* t of