* ' - ' ' ' i> ! ^ ? " : ' ? "- ' ^ - -?-T? ' -*- * ? | '"~> Jl i ' ' '* ^ 1^1 I I ? W&*A '. ^ljiqultniq, Jjortiqulturp, gontqstiq tiqonoing, jjolite jroyturq, jpolitiqa, and thq <|uritnl Jfap? of the gaj. itMiififSl'n.r,; I iiT^wib^^^ferEM&ft-T^aia, '.Jtijxmss. , ; &?I*-*?I tjpiiwwao?' 'ifcp ????mm* ."'. ? _ ? ? ?*? 1 ?XI xar&AATlVJS flXUUEBSITY 70S WWIKO LARGELY 07 SMALL GRAIN THIS FALL. ErxTOitSouthern Cur/riVATOR.-?-From a careful reading of the Cultivator -for several years, I am satisfied you thoroughly appreciate the value of small grain to the ^Southern farmer, and that you havo been unremitting in your efforts to encourage a * larger growth. On account of its importance, it should be kept constantly before 'our farmers, until every one is converted to the bolief that he commits a great error wheu ' file fails to devote a fair proportion of his land to oats, wheat, barley and rye. The maximum of success iu farming can never be obtained without the aid of these cereals, for to whatever extent a farmer may plant o?f oorn aud cotton, it is always in order to v . AuppUunat with fall somv grain. It may be sown at a period when neither of these can be, and requires comparatively little caro, producing a spring harvest. It is no ' argument against grain growing to say (as many do) that at the proper time to sow th.>y are too busy picking cotton and gath- , ering corn, and that harvest time comes at a period when every energy is devoted to j choppiug cotton and cleaning corn. A slight expense in extra labor here pays by j far the largest profit of tin operations of j the farm, and how foolish to bo deterred by such reason ing.(?) From indications uow, it would seem that 1 the South, is destined yet to become a groat wheat and oat producing country. It will j be that when we produce euough to meet our home consumption; .And thatoyve ought ' to do, for tho simple reason thalTsPe Can do 0 it so easily. We may never care to raise them for export, on account ot the competition of other sections, but wc may ad vauce another important indnstrv fwnol c ft ~ ?" \ ** " ** r growing) by any surplus. Whether barley ^ and rye shall be grown other than for graz- J ing or soiling is yet to bo demonstrated.? j Sor these purposes alone, however, they arc invaluable. At preseut the oat is the most valuable cereal to us, aud next to it wheat. t As a money crop oats arc far ahead of wheat, consic^ring the comparative yicM and price. How long this will continue, ot ? course depends on "supply aud demand." We certaiuly ought to grow enough wheat for homo consumption. If every farmer in the South would, this fall, devote ouc acre of good land to wheat and three to oats per mule, what a difference it would make in our resources next summer ! I do not know to what extent crops arc ^ a failure iu othor secCtbns or Georgia, tout-*iu this I know there will be a great deficicncy in the provisiou crops, and cotton is not promising more than three-fifths.? r?? . i - * 1 n A mere win uot do ono-tniru 01 a crop oi t( sweet potatoes aud peas, and uot much over j, a half crop of corn, I am arraid. It is as "j bad in South-western Georgia, the papers state. Dry weather has prevailed general- ^ ly throughout the State, and caused more or less damage it is certain. In view of ^ this, is it not imperative that we should be () unusually active this fall, iu endeavoring to meet these deficiencies by a larger spring harvest? Iu all probability, the coming ^ season will be a fair and perhaps fiuc oue j. for grain. Let us not proorastiuate, and s when September and Octobor comes be uuprepared aud say, "Well, I believe I will Q wait until spring." Get seed ready at - JIaJU lw???j Oiul sow by tnel5th of October?bearing in mind J this fact, that if put uniformly 3J to -I y inches deep, the plants will withstand the ^ severest freezes of winter, and also suffer much less from May aud Juno droughts. If porchanco auy one farmer should be ^ induced so sow, where he had intended not to sow, or to sow more largely, by anything | I may have said, I would be glad to have a (] postal from him next .June, setting forth his conclusions in the matter. S. A. C. : . L New Development.?It has come to d light recently, that a large quantity of the u 5,000 Remington Rifles, belonging to the t >Statc were sold to sporting organizations dur- c aug the Republican rule, by the officer hav- I ing them iu his charge, aud that worse thau c all, this individual has appropriated the lit- a tie fund raised through this side speculation, c to his own private purposes. To what ex- c cent tills lias been carried on, 1r*t not yet c boon definitely ascertained, but it has been t pretty heavy. Adjutant General Moise is ' xL~ A 1- il. ? 1- - 1 - a x? 1 uu iuu truuh. ui niw wuuie iraiifcciewon, una i tho guilty party will soon be brought up and t made to answer for his theft. When the s whole thing is sifted through, which will t Moon be done, our people will know what be- v came of the many thousand missing State a arms. t ? * ? Dr. Caldwell, of Iowa, states that in 1802 ? he was present at the exhumation of a body which had been buried two years before, j The coffin had sprung open at tho joints, ., and the hair protruded through the open- j ings. On opening tho coffin tho hair of . the head was found to measure eighteen inches, the whiskers eight inches and the hair on the breast fivo or six inches. The man had been shaved before beings ,4 In 1847, ? similar circumstance occurred in Mercer County, Pa. I11 digging a grave, ? the workmen came upon the skeleton of' a ( man that had been buried ten years. The f hair was us firm as during life, and had grown to a length of eleven or twelve inches. < A AGRICULTURAL PROGRESS IN MECKLENBURG, NORTH CAROLINA THE WORKING OF THE FENCE LAW. Having a business call to Charlotto last week, wo made use of tho opportunity thus afforded for taking a look atthc surrounding couutry, to note the progress of our neighbors, and to inquire into the workiugs of the new fence or stock law in that section. To make a good beginning, we started under the care of Capt. Wads worth, directly to his celebrated farm, situated to the west of Charlotte, just outside of the limits of the town. We were prepared to see a ?i r i^ ~ uiab uiuba ihiui, out, uia uoi expect to tind ono so complete in nil its arrangements, combining such a number of small iudustrios, under one general management. Capt. NVadsworth has adopted the true system of farming, for which our country is adapted?that of mixed "husllnndry ; practicing a system of rotation, under which corn and cotton are followed by small grain, which in turn arc succeeded by clover and the grasses. Concentrating his manures upon the cultivated crops?corn and cotton; Ins thorough preparation for, and cultivation :>f. these crops, insures a fine yield, and leaves his fields in fine condition for the *rain, grass aud clover which arc to follow; 1 ind the lands are virtually at rest, and rapid- i \y recuperate by the accumulation of vege- ' ;ablo matter, wliilc protected by the last '< lamed crops, although furnishing large ]uantities of hay for his stock. Stock rais- ' ng is also a part of this system of mixed 1 lusbandry, and ho runs a dairy farm as a I jart of his system, having one of the most ionvcuicnt, commodious barus, with% all < nodern arrangements, for the protection aud ( io'nvenience of his stock. 1 lie pays particular attention to the pro- ( luotion of fruits of all kinds,?such as ap- J das, peaches^ pears, plums, cherries aud t ;rapes, haviug a fine vineyard of the last, 1 or which he finds a ready market in Char- 1 ottc, turning the remainder, if auy, into 1 riue. Hogs, turkeys, geese, ducks, chick- 1 us, pigeons, ?xc., are raised in large quanti- s ics, and the large flock of from scveuty-fivc 1 o one hundred turkeys, scattered over a k rctty meadow, was alone a sight worth go- 1 ug to see. This farm is worth an article 1 n itself, being a model for this couutry, 8 rhich every one should imitate, leading as c t does, in the right direction, and showing, k s a forerunner of better days, what can f nd will be done witji this favored country " f ours under a more intelligent and more 8 crfect system of agriculture. k .There are.said InJw ninnir (ma farina and _S luch fine stock around Charlotte, but after visit to one of her gold mines, which is ow in successful operation, we turned our ^ ttention to an examination'and inquiry in- i 3 the operations of the new fcucc or stock iw. This law has been in operations iu lie adjoining county (Cabarrus) for three t ears, and a farmer from that county told s that it was now giving general and almost r crfect satisfaction; and that no injustice ^ ras done to any oue uuder the new order f f things. It has prevailed in some town- g hips of Mecklenburg for several years, but ' t was difficult to pass it in aud around ^ Miarlotte, as every one owned a cow or two, j ir which they had free pasturage. It pased, however, lust winter, and nearly every j tie acknowledges that it is better, and the j nly complaint that wc heard was, that the s liutigc came too suddculr. and that sumo < leopftr -rrarrto m&kc extra exertions to get heir pastures in readiness before the crops 't rcrc planted. We talked with white and lack, landlord aud landless, and all acknowl- j dged that wlicu the contracts for another j ear are made, every inconvenience will be j rranged, aud every oue satisfied with the usticc and fairness of the new law. Among he results, or effects of the ucw law, we nay mention that all of the vacant lands .round tho town have been put under culivation and made to produce fiue crops; lairy farms have been established, and milk .mi butter can be purchased for less than it j akes to feed a cow, (milk now selling at 25 . icnts per gallon); permanent pastures have ( iceu established around the towu in which iows can be pastured at reasonable rates ; tnd besidos, since the stock have been en ( dosed, vegetation is more luxuriant, and a :ow tied out to a stake with a long rope can molly pick enough grass to keep her iu good iondition, at this season, without feeding.? The farms aud fields that were under fence j email) so, but all around Charlotte fields are o be found without a fence; and there is a mall patch of corn on Main Street, near he ccntro of the town, without a fence, < vhich remains untouched by man or beast: ; nd in a few years wc expect to sec her beau- i iful yards and lawns unprotected by any- | hing save hedges, or very light ornamental s ences. 1 Our observations aud inquiries in Meek enburg only serve to strengthen the con dction long felt, that the stock law is exact- | y what is need id to put our people upon | he high road to agricultural prosperity.? | Sj)artun. i Plain Rioe Pudding.?Totwolvo cups | .nit and about a tcaspoonful of butter. IOx ellent baked in a blow oven for three or < bur hours. In the country they blow a horn before linucr; in town they take one. CHOLERA IN POULTRY. An Essay ltcad Before the Summer Mcc< ing of the State Grange at Anderson, ? C., on the 10th of August, Prepared b J II. Foster, of Lancaster County, S. C Of the few diseases poultry are liable tc none seems to deserve so much utteution a cholera. From some points of rcsouiblnuc' between this ailment 0nd Asiatic cholcr; among men, it is probiblo they have a )ik< origin; that is, oither iymotic or*animalcu lar. Such symptoms as diarrhooa, collapsi nud rat>id fatalitv. without nnv annnron ft j i ?j t r symptom, are couunon to both. Also th< fact that Asiatic cholera usually commence: in India, and that sovcral Urge breeds o chickcuB have b#eu imported from that coun try duriug the last twenty or thirty years It is a well known fact that disuses anfllo kingdom. Enlarged is chicken cholera. So ujifoyn-^^is thai one can foresee an attack^y inspooting thai orgau. However desirayp definite ideas ol its nature or essential elcmeuts of its cause may be, its prevention is still more desirable It is often communicated to the healthy through the drinking water. Their water should be frequently reuewed during the day, and troughs dusted over with pulverized copperas, or riuscel with diluted carbolic acid. Gccso that arc confined to a yard and compelled to drink at a common trough take :he disease; otherwise they have not been known to have it. All poultry that manifest any symptoms >f cholera should be separated from the ithcrs, and fed with cooked food moistened with diluted cirbolic acid, and a few drops >f muriatio?iincturc of iroc^iu Uiein water. \ large per cent, are soon too much prostraed to be able to eat; they can even be saved hen if cooked food be pushed down their hroats three or four times a day, it being noistencd with diluted carbolic acid. The nain measure for protection against this course is to buru all that die or it. If the lead are buried the larva; of the common >luc fly will still bo propagated in great lumbers, and when near maturity will leave be carcases, come near the surface, be cratchcd out aud eaten, nnd thereby poisou ithcrs. As all will not take the trouble to urn dead poultry, it is well to keep a watchul yard dog?so watchful that any cur that night have been eating a cholera-killed fowl hould not loiter around on^'s premises. It s evident that this is ouci>f the ways by jtot lllH. ? The Death ok AdmIral Kemmes.? dobile, Ala., August 30*-Aduiwal Senimes lied at ten minutes plst scfeu o'clock his morning, at Poiut (J liar. lie was born in Marjmuid, aud entered he United States Navy mi 1826. He was apidly promoted, aud irrl855 attained the ank of commander. \^iqii the war beween the States commented Adbiiral Scuines, who was well grounded in polities, and i States Rights and anticonsolidation man, larucstly cast his lot with that of his friends aid compatriots of the South, and the galant services he rendered to the-Confoderutc :ause, soon won for him the admiration of lis countrymen, as well as the plaudits of lis enemies. As early in the war as the uuimer of 18G1 he took command of the 3ou(tv!lLl utA/ olouuiur yltich mch havoc with the mctctiaut marine of tie United States. It w;fl| as the cotmnauler of the "290," or, #s^she was better mown, the Alabama, built in Engand for the Confederate ^jfics, that lie wou lis highest fame, Hold, fWrless and zonl)us, his vessel became, for a time, absolute nonarch of the seas, inflicting immense lamages upou the mercantile marine of the uiemics of his country. Ou the 19th ol June, 18G1, the Alabama ivas sunk near Cherbourg, Franco, after a lesperate battle with the Federal war steadier Kearsagc, commanded by Admiral VVinslow, a native of Carolina. Nine of ho crew of the Alabama were killed and wenty-one wounded. Admiral Seuimcs, ifter the destruction of his vessel, was rescued by the English yacht fiLerhouud. Since the war he has resided in Alabama, imong his kiudred audloved and respected by all iiltfn who knew him, leaving i volume of admirable interest concerning liis adventures and service in tliat Confedjrate cause. * jc Lively Times jM Chicago.?J'lio Chijngo Tribune says : In this city the avalniche of grain from the country has put a new face on everything. Railroads are now full of business, and thousands of idle men ic.t to work All lli/* loL-/? ??-.? ?!/> inand for tho graiu trade, and extra men, it increased wages, arc set to work "loading uid navigating them. Orders good* from the country arc coming in, 4pd this i: beginning to work i\p trade umong the merchants, and of course that SQtsidlo men it work, boxing, packing, oajrtiug, and handling. Altogether, ^lnttcrjfurc rapidly brightening, and the auspices ore favcruble An ambitious Philadelphia couple were on Sunday last married whilst on thoir waj to Atlantic City, on the morning cxcursior train. The ceicmony was witnessed by : car full of friends, the wedding cake wai cut and other festivities were indulged in. LITE ON AN OCEAN STEAMER. t- Steamer Britanio, I White Star Line, Mid-Ocean,m y June 22d, 1877. J ' Iu this letter, I propose to give some of >? the characteristic* of au occau-steauicr, and a particularly of this vessel, and the l,Oerc manic" of the same line, as they arc conII structed and furnished exactly nliko. e An occau steamer differs very widely from - a lake or river steamer. The load o'r car go of a lake stealer is placed ail on the t main deck, and, of course, above the water 3 line. In an ocean steamer the cargo is put s in the hold far below the water lino, also our f baggage, except what we require iu our state rooms. A lake steamer draws only from 5 to 8 or 10 feet of water. This stcu mer draws 25 feet of water. A lakcsteauil .am il, , i is driven by a screw, situated iton'riy 25 foot t below the surface of the water, iu frout of ' the rucldor, but in rear of the vessel. This T screw has four steel flanges, and is only 215 ! feet G inches iu diameter. Vet its propcll itig power, being so deep under water, is r tremendous. The hull of a lake steamer is constructed i of wood, and has guards extending out four I or five feet bevond the hull. An ocean 1 steamer is constructed of iron?great long iron plates forming the hold, and these fastened by bolts to an iron framework. There is hardly a particle of wood below the water line. There are no side guards. A lake steamer is wide in proportion to its length. This steamer, the llritanic, is 470 feet long and only 45 feet wide. The following are the principal statistics respecting this vessel. Length 470 feet; width 45 feet; tonnage 5004 tons ; engines 700 horse power; indicated power, 5000; eight boilers, with 32 furnaces under them; consumption of coal per day 05 tons; number of Jr>flicers and men, including sailors, firemen, cooks and table waiters, 152; average speed of ship, 15 knots to the hour, (a knot is one-sixth of a tnilo longer tha an English mile ;) diameter of screw 23 feet, six inches ; diameter of shaft 22 inches. The dining saloon is about fifty feet long and extends from side to side of the ship, having five rowsot tables, with fixed revolving chairs. scatiner 182 norsons. CI I On leaving port the tanks are filled with 28,000 gallons of fresh water, which, by means of pipes, is carried to every part of the ship. If this supply should fall short, ouc gallon per minute can be produced by i'r/nii f It a prr-* .IwUUm ""Tticto arc twu^icrti (u JrUu ific , ship, and nineteen other engines to do the other work of the ship. By two small engines the cargo and even our baggage is lifted into and out of the ship. An enclosed wheel on the upper deck, worked by a small engine, drives 15,000 cubic feet of fresh air every uninute through pipes into every stateroom, and to all parts of the ship. The ship is steered by steam! Iu the wheel-house ou the upper deck a man stands behind a small wheel, not three feet in diameter. (A child could control this wheel in the roughest weather.) By means of rods which extend from this wheel to an engine placed on the main deck near the stern, the man turns the wheel one way and it opens a valve in one of the cylinders of the engine, or by turning the other way, the valve in the other cylin ?o open ^ im tViio ttwj rie? ? ?p?wor in ur.' plied directly to machiuery which controls the rudder. If the man in front lets go of the wheel, the engine is locked aud holds the rudder in the exact position in which it was left. This steering arrangement is comparatively new, and is, as yet, applied to but lew vessels. Jf by any accident this engine and apparatus should get out of order, there is placed directly in front of it the great double wheel for lour to six men to handle, aud which can be put in gear iu five seconds. There is arranged throughout the ship a scries of eleetric wires, so that if we arc in our stateroom or smokiuir room, and wish < > call a steward or waiter, we have only to touch a button. A bell rings in the steward's department, and the "Indicator" tells where the servant is wanted. This and some other of the vessels of the .White Star , Lino possess improvements which are not found in Man^of the diuer steam vefcsClS. The dining sutaiuu anil nMi?wrooms are as near midship as possible, and arc on the main deck, and far above the water line, liy this arrangement but little motion is felt, and the port holes can be left open unless the weather is very rough.? Although tho waves are now rolling from 5 to 10 feet high, our vessel moves along without any pitching, and 1 aui writing as agreeably as if iu my own parlor. In all modern built steamships, there arc below the water line air-tight compartments, so that if an ! accident should happen and a hole he stove in, a single compartment would fill with water, but do no other damage ; only adding a | little to our cargo As to safety, I would I rather go from New York to Liverpool in r this vessel than to go from New York to , Chioago in the cars. A gentleman next to m ntobMiPtlTM lilts was his thirtyfourth trip across the Athntic, and this, he ! said was the finest vessel he had ever sailed r in. We asked him if he had ever met with i an accident. "No," said he, and then adi ded, "I was once on a Cunarder, about ten s years ago, when a portiou of the captain's room on the upper deck was carried away and I l'ound about three feet of water iu my stateroom. Two sailors wero washed overboard. but this was hardly an accident!" To show how little the wind and Weather affects our progress, we sailed .tho first day from noon to noon, 3G1 miles; 2d day 304 miles; 3d day 301 utiles; 4th day 3G(> miles; 5th day 317 miles. The chief cuginecr (there 9 ^ arc seven assistants) told uic we could with perfect safety mako one mile nn hour more, but the couipauy would not allow it. Tbcy confine him to i)5 tons of coal per day.? v They would allow no racing. The average time of crossing the Atlantic in theso vessels is about 8 days, or two days less than tho average time ntado by bouio of the other lines. I have a good word for tcmporcnec people. Our captain, Thompson, presides at tho head ' ner iudulge in wine, ehninpngne, etc. Cnpt. '1 hompsou never takes a drop of wine ; only a glass of milk,?and this he takes at breaklast, lunch and dinner, not even taking tea or coffco. And he is a perfect picture of i i.t i ? .inn iiuu sirengiii. We have some noted characters on boad. Gen. Daniel E. Sickles, llev. Dr. Huberts, of Elizabeth, N.J. Kcv. Dr. Crosbj' of New York, and the brothers Williaui and John Jacob Astor, and their families, who own about one-third the real estate of New York. The two brothers, in dress and general appearance, look like a couple of respcctablo farmers, though rather more tanned than farmers in general. One would never tako them for millionaires. They arc becoming quite sociable and conunuuicativc. Wo have on board, for freight, six thousand tous of American cheese, six hundred tons of American beef, and Jive hundred thousand dollars in specie ! The beef is placed ill iuimonso rntriiroMlnM ?._ .w.. uo man mo milk wc use and our principal provisions. The milk is put in air-tight cans and placed in the refrigerator, and is about as sweet to-day as when we left New York. Last evening wo had a grand entertainment on board, consisting of singing, piano solos, recitations and prestidigitation. I have attended many less interesting entertainments in New York. Iter. Dr. Crosby presided. At the close, a collection was taken up for the benefit of the Liverpool Sailors' Orphan Asylum; and a hundred dollars in gold was realized. where the main crowd was gathered^ but off a littlo-wuy in t?nt> foatl^ ^ceurrcd in the same tent either. These circumstances throw around this extraordinary occurrence a horrible suspicion of murder under the guise of religion. As far as wo have particulars it appears that a number of women were carried from the arbor to tents, in a very oxcitcd state. ind that after being placed in the tents where the childreu were, these tragic scenes were enacted.? Our latest information is that two of the children were killed almost instantly, while the third one is alive, but with its buck broken and many other bodily injuries ; it is expected to die. This place, Steele Hill, was the scene of some ugly rioting during a eainp-uieeting there one year ago, and wo think it is now tiuio tor some lcgul proceedings to be instituted against somebody. This is the season when newly-married couples make their appearance at the watering-place hotels, languish on four dollarsa-day diet lor one week precisely, and then go home to the realities of corn beef and cabbage for the balance of their natural lives. 0 * v*" *