rJim "jmjamUBBBKBmj l-'WWb
From the Baltimore Sun.
CONGRESS.
Wamiinoton, Jan. 23, 1950.
Skn*atE.?Mr. Mnaon offered an amend
merit to the fugitive slave bill providing
that any person obstructing the arrest of
fv slave shall be held guilty of a misdemeanor;
and that the testimony of the
fugitive shall not be taken.
The Senate resumed the consideration
of the resolution offered bv Mr. Foote,
.i_-i ,i - ? "
uccjarmg umi. it is me auiy ot Uongress
to establish territorial governments for
California, Deseret, nnd New Mexico.
Mr. Cas^ resumed and concluded his
argument against the constitutionality of
the AVilmot proviso. lie read some extracts
from John Quincy Adams' diary,
in which he pronounces that the constitution
of the United .States is morally and
*
puiiuunriy vicious, inasmuch as u cnu not,
prohibit slavery. He contrasted the
hpirit of this denunciation with thrrt of
Gen. irashingtbri's Farewell Address,
and the patriotic sentiments of Jefferson,
Monroe and Madison.
The nnn who thus denounced the constitution
of his country had held more
fosts of honor under it than any of the
ist century ; lie then held the second
_ a 1 il /* *
jjusv, unuur mc government, and soon
nfter hold tlie lirst.
Mr. Cass concludcd his remarks on the
constitutional branch of the subject.?
The necessity of sn?'V.ug the question he
urged with much force.
Formerly it had been assumed that
the power to exclude slavery from a territory
existed, and that the source from
which it W:l<i florii-i.d n-io o
.. .. .w v. . . . ? *? cto OUU^Ill I?/| .
The (Senate was not hound by the political
legislation of the Supreme Court.?
This Senate was to judge for itself of
?ich question. If the opinions of the
Supreme Court were binding upon us,
we might, being divested of authority,
abandon our seat here. The opinions of
f y??? ?1:1!.?1 ?<
?..V ?vuj/ivmv- \./v/UI"0 Ull jJUHUUill tjUHJCClS
were all obiter opinions?opinions by the
way, They were entitled to respect, but
were not binding.
7/e examined tlie precedents in the action
of Congress. Authority in countries
favorable to the developcment was
i if kIaut rnr*utl\ ?** ?
.. ill. ^lUlllUliiy
from time and use. There are but fewinstances
of decisions on our b'.atute
booliB, and these, for the most part, passed
tub silentio and settled nothing.?
There was no discussion?merely silent
legislation as to power ?r*er tenitories, up
to 1820. There was nothing in precedent
to preclude a reference to the Constitution.
The Missouri controversey brought up
?uu ijucMiuu, unci it was noi scitllod, but
evaded, by a political exp?vii<?nt. Tho
compromise was submitted to, but it altered
no previous opinion.
No man could now observe the state
of things in the South without feeing
in them the dangeis that the Father of
his Country pointed out h his Farewell
Address.
The resolution was passed over,
Thrc Dcseret .Memorial and Constitution
were referred to the Committee on
Territories.
Tho bill introdlirod Ht? \fr Fnnfn tnv
the organization of territories, Ac., was
referred to the Committee on Territories.
Adjourned.
House of Representatives.?on motion
of Mr. Bayly, the 7/ouse resolved itself
into committee of the whole on the state
of the Union, (Mr. Boyd of Ky. in the
chair,) with the view of referring the
subjects embraced in the President's annual
Message, to appropriate committees.
Mr. Clingman availed himself oi this
occasion to present the remarks of -which
he jjfave notice yesterday, concerning the
Rubicct embraced in tho PrnsiHfnt's Mr>c
sage, yesterday, in regard to Cnlifornin.
Mr. C. expressed liis confidence in the
judgement, in! 'grity and patriotism ot
the President; and in commenting on the
views advanced by him in the Message,
f.nid there was no real difference between
the President and himself, lie admitted
the right of eac h State to settle for them*
s Ives all such domestic questions as were
referred to therein; but as k.who are the
people that are to decide as well the time
as manner of admission of new States,
were in themselves questions for the
judgment of Congress under all circumstances
of the case.
He alluded to Louisiana, which was
If Ant. ftVA VAflre oL n A
r?|,v r?? v ^ X/WIM U'/IVIC OI1V ?T an iUlU^YUU l<;
forma State constitution, and to be admitted
by Congress into the Union. He
argued that the admission of California
with her present organization, would be a
great ant?-slavery triumph; bnt maintain- j
r.d that it the territorial questions were
not settled this session, and permitted to
go ever till tbo next fall elections, none
of the gentlemen from the free States
here can bo returned except upon the
anti-slavery platform. Those from the
North, he Haul, who had stood up for the
right of the South hnd shown themselves
the friends of the Constitution and the
Union.
lie went into nn exposition to show
what would be the advantages to the
>.Vouth if the Union were dissolved;
>naintaining that the commercial towns,
Baltimore, Charleston, Mobile and New
Orleans, would abstract a large portion
tf the trade of New York. I'hiruMpbia,
and Boston. The .Southern towns, lie
said, if unfortunately such n thing as dissolution
should take place, would grow
up in wealth.
in anusion 10 the iNorthern abolition
movement, he cited the great loss to
I Maryland of her property, which in :
! slaves amounted to at least 00,000 an:
nually. //e said that from the tone of
i the Southern press, as well as from oth|
er indications, it was obvious that the
: South will atan-early day be sufficiently
' united to insure the success of whatever
j means it may be necessary to adopt, and
! protect themselves from the aggression
menaced from the North. In relation to
' the territorial question: he submitted it
calmly to the Northern gentlemen that |
' they had bettor make up their minds t>
' ^?ve the South at once a fair settlement
1 ?not to cheat them by u mere empty
form without reality, but give something
I. ' O O
substantial for the South.
j They might be said, to acquiesce in
the Missouri compromise line. lie woukl
individually prefer, under all the circumstances,
giving up the whole of California,
provided they oould have all on this '
side of it up to about the paralel of 40
t r ii v ^ '
uugiuus, nut Jin iiuiii me norm nne 01 i
! the /S'tate of Missouri, rather than its .
I Southern 36 degress 30 minutes. They 1
! would thus be gating the wholu of New j
Mexico, and having flic mountain chain
s-nd desert on the west, obtain a proper i
frontier. Tlie.y might then acquire, at
some future day, whether united or di- i
vided, possession of the country along
the (Vulfof Mexico, well suited to be oc- i
cupied by a slave population.
He meant that no restriction ought to !
be imposed by Congress on this territory, j
1 i,..? ?!...? :? K.*5 ? !
uui vuav cuici it IKIU UtTII 1L*I t OJH'U U) 2111 j
classes, in a proper period, that a majori- :
ty may tlicn, when thejr make a ?S'tate 1
constitution, determine for themselves i
whether they will permit slavery or not.
The South, he said, would acquiesce in !
any reasonable settlement. Btrt, said ho, |
when we a?k for justice, we are met by I
the senseless and insane cry of "I'nion, j
Union." JIc was disgusted with it. j
When it came from the Northern gentle- |
men, who were attacking tbom, it fell on j
his cars as it would do if a band of rob- I
hers had surr<?ur.ded a <5willing, and,
when 1110 in mates nlte.npted to resist, the j
assailants should raise the shwat of:
"peace, union, harmony.'!
lie was for making the issue now,
when the South had the political strength
to resist and to control the ijueslion. lie
concluded by warning gentlemen of the
North against measures which, while
submission to them would be ruinous to i
the South, they would not in the end be I
ben< ficial to their section. Seeinnr ilion !
. . W.V., |
the issue in all its bearings, it is for tliom |
to decide. They hold in their lmndc the j
d-esliny oT the existing government.
Mr. Howard, of Texas, rose and said |
he would enter into no mathematical cal-I
dilations of the value of the American !
TTnion. lie would not attempt to reason :
as to what would be the action of the
South if disunion takes place. lie would
go as far as any Southern man to main- |
tain the lights of the South, and still to i
sustain the Union. But if the North j
wore determined to trample upon the j
rights and interests of the South, there
was an end of the Union.
Jfc would not denounce the North, because
there were men at the North who I
had stood by the Constitution and its compromises
until they were sacrificed.
There was stifl a party there who stood
n???u-. ;
?. it/i utt vywiiaiivunwu <II1U tor jllSMCC lO i
(he South. Therefore he wo\iM not m:fke !
n wholesale denunciation of the North, j
He believed in the personal patriotism of |
the President, hut he feared his action
was und?*ra control which would be detrimental
to the (South, ffe referred to
tlin nrnculnntiul nnnl?of #l.r* ? a
|v..w |/. voiv4v.ii.(?i VWIKVOU tuu uninnii/
phases assumed by (he 'President in dif- i
fercnt sections of the Union upon this !
Wilmot Proviso question, which hud had |
a great prejudicial moral action against j
the South. The acts of the last presi- j
dential canvass, he said, were no index
of the feeling of the South on the slavery 1
question. The ?S'outh would stand up in i
solid column for its rights when the crisis |
n n*i
7/e then nlladed to 4he views of the
message of the President on California affairs,
and said whilst it asserted tUe doctrine
of non-intervention, yet the Administration
had t'l rough its special nger/t,
Mr T B King, interfered in all the movements
there which led fo the S'.nte organ
izffiion, onu cxciuaca the institution -bf
slavery from its organic law. //e knew
from the public press there that the pvopie
were impressed by the agents ot the
Executive with the idea that the State
could not be admitted with the institution i
of slavery engrafted in her Constitution. \
From this knowledge of the course of <
conduct of the Administration in that ,
country, he distrusted the Executive up- ,
on the subject of slavery?he did not fi
think the rights of thefkmth were safe in 1 ,
Ilia Imml
He alluded to the message as a-very j
mysterious document; stamped with in
sincerity upon- its face, lie said that
whilst President Polk had maintained the ^
rights of Texas upon the cast bank of the ,
Rio Grande to its source, the present ad- j,
ministration had totally disregarded and 0
abandoned them. Ho entered into nn j,
- JLiLJJL"?A.':"- ' BBWggg
examination of the message of Mr. Polk
nnd the President's message of yesterday
to prove the position, He asseited the
right of Texas, by tV.e treaty even with
Mexico, to the whole of the territory in
disnute between Texas and New Mexico
The President recommends non-intervention
in his message, as well, upon the
slavery question as upon the New Mexican
boundary question; but ho abandons
that doctrine as soon as Now J/exico
forms a State constitution. He denied
the right to give jurisdiction to the Supreme
Court over the subject of the. disnuted
territory. There was no ntrbt in
the Supremo Court to take jurisdiction
unless by the consent of Texas; nor could
the Federal Government exercise the
right lo create a new State out of any
portion of the territory claimed by Texas,
lie cited early ;rutborities to establish the
boundaries as claimed by Texas to tho
territory in dispute.
lie said that upon the subject of the
slavery question, Texas would stand
where the whole South would stand?
which would be for her constitutional
rights in their broadest extent.
KEO W EFCO URIER
SAlnrtiay, Feb. 2, 1890.
With a view of accommodating our Sub
scribers who live ut a distance, the following
gentlemen are authorized and requested to
act as agents in receiving and forwarding Sub
soriptions to the Keowkp. Courier, vii.
Maj. W. S. Gri.hiiam, at West Union.
Edward Huoheh, Esq., " Horse Shoe.
V l> Vl?V>.n l?..~ II A
ji. i . ? uiu., i/nv;in:iwr h UtTTt'ai
M. r. Mitchell, Laq.. " ricklintfville.
J. K. JIacood, " Twelve A'ile.
T. J. Weiid, for Anderson District.
TIIE PENDLETON MESSENGER.
This is one of the oldest journals in the
up-country, am: in the days of its youth
nnd vigor of manhood, our good people
were want to look to it for light to aid
them in their search after trut"h. But
there is a certain nge beyond which men
(and we suppose News-papers may be
judged by the same rule) begin to decline
in body and mind, and their fco\insels
arc no longer regarded with that abi.1!
r J i .i*i .t -
umg commence, 10 wmcn uiey are entitled
in the palmier days of manhood.
Now we are half inclined to think, from
the course the Messenger lias pursued of
late, on certain questions of State policy,
that he too has passed the meridian of
life. We were taught in our youth to
vnvpvonn/i nl<1 ??' ? ? *
.v.v.v..v,v ?<iv? <uiu ic^>|)cut our culltemporaries,
but when ill humor and
peevishness characterize the lectures of
our elders, they lose their influence and
sometimes become intolerable ; and a due
regard to politeness would probably dictate
that we should not retort upon the
infirmcties of age, but in the present case,
the attack of the Messenger upon the
Courier is so captious mid uncalled for.
that we can not do him justice by keeping
silence.
Passing by bis facetious reference to
"Gumbo Chaff"! and his learned, and dignified
quotation fr>m the 'Nigger Song,'
i.:~ i *
ins usuiii rcrerence wnen nc wislies to be
witty; lie says:
It will be seen by looking into it, that
there i* a small mistake of twentv thousand
dollars against the Bank, This can
he no error in the type, for it will be seen
that the editors make it the basis of their
argument to show that the Bank does
not make the interest on its capital.'
In the nrticle published in tho Courier, our
renders were invited to make the calculation
for themselves, nnd if the Messenger had been
asVeady to do justice as he was to find fault,
much trouble would have been saved himnnd
us, and the infliction of this accusation and de.
fence might have been spared our reader*.
The following is a copy of the figuring in which
theMessenger sagely discover? 'a small mistake
of $20,000 against the bank' and which cannot
in his estimation, be accounted for 'by an error
in type.' IIow illiberal!
1. Railroad and Fire Loans,
$1,171,188:52 at 0 int. $70,271.3V
2. Fire loan <fe
R. R. b'k
cnp.l $ 1,022,260 90 ?& t9I,l
3 Revolutionary,
|M 7,408.40 '3' 3,523.15
Totnl nnj'nt of debt,
$2,310,800.81 in't. $124,007.95
Now wtfosk the Messenger to steady bin
nerves, and coolly calculate the interest on
these several siimi at the given rate, and ite? ?'
!lio aggregate ? 124,007.95 is not prcciRely cor.
ect, Honoe, then, it is plain that tlio 'head
md front of this offence'originates from a typographical
error, and not, as the Messenger mod*
istly insinuates, from the insincerity and misrep
csentation of the I5ditc/3 of the Courier. Any
:>oy who can multiply 1,022,269.89 by 5 will
?/>/? immn/lint/tltr !?<? tlm **noi?lf oUahI/I W* < 1
113,19 instead of 81,118,4'J, which wc ore sat.
a tied the Messenger roust confoss arises from
in error in the type.' IJcsideH, wo have exam
lod our manuscript and find tho fig ure in the
rigirml to be a 6 instead of 3. What a noise
r > l??n r.lined nbo'.it * me.ie ilwdow. Wc
have raid this much in vindicatiou of ourselveH
from the attack of the Messenger. We regret
having had to say so much, and assure our
friend, that nothing but the most serious necessity
can induce us to resume the contest.
As to the Messenger's correspondent 'R*
1 1. _ 1 .. . 4 ? 1 * 1 1 i ..
wiicii nu iuuius iu rt-r.ue u&a language aim 10
use such phraseology as is in repute among
gentlemen, and chows himself free from the
bhaok.es of the Bank, we may undertake to answer
him.
FREE SCHOOLS.
rri.. t> ~e i? i. a _a ai.i_
j ne ih'iiiu ui rrut'oi'iiwuib iiiui ui uus piacc
on Monday last, nnd transacted the usual business
before that body. Haviug barely n quo
rum of the Commissioners present, Messrs. S
I Kirltsey and E. It. Doyl were requested to aid
I a.. : ?r t?-v. r\t *i._ c . .
in uic cAtiuinmuuii ux 1 ciicuurw. \JL uiu lurijr
applicants, 11 were passed in the 1st, and 29
in the 2nd class. They located forty nchools>
and allowed 7 public scholars to each. Teachers
of the 4st class ntc allowed $8;00 per free
scholar per annum, and those Of the 2nd class
are allowed ?C,00 per free scholar per annum.
The result is that 280 children of the poor will
have an opportunity of going to school this v?ar
at a cost of (1,634 to the State for our Distuct.
UVOTPDV
A suspicious mind might readily infer ihui
the modern Washington has some great or ignoble
purpose in /iew, which he fears to reveal
to tlie dull comprehension -of his constituents.
One mail brings the intallig' "?? that the President
has issued a proclamation dismissing Don
Carlos, the Spanish Consul, The next mail an
nounces the fact, that the proclamation bears
ll.. 41U 1 1 i 1 it. _ 1
UUIU U1U 111, UUV WU8 llliv I'XJXTOUU IU U1C VU1gar
eye until the 16th;?that it was not then
published in the official journal at Washington,
but twelve days after he signed it, it is ushered
into the'light, 'by authority,' in the columns of
tfieadmimstrationpapcratNcw Orleans. This
is a mystery which can only be explained by1
officials. Only a few days before it was sighed
a member of the 8cnate had offered restflutiohs
Milling fur nit tit* rnrrn<nnn.lon?>i? mnora Art*
in the Rey case, which, in all probability, Bug.
gcsted to the administration the necessity of
immediate aad jvccordiftgiy Hie papw
came forth full grown. and judfcihg from our in.
formation Don Carlos must have had a secret
copy served on him immediately, for he had
taken passage for homo before the pioclamation
was seeirIn New Orleans. Of this transaction
the Truo Dolta says, "Is the Government of
this great country compelled to sneak into pa.
pers, far distant from the seat of its power, the
fulininations of its will? Is it possible?can it
be, that any state necessity exists, for the steal"
thy and suspicious proceedings accompanying
the advent of this most strange scate paper,
tho embodiment of a most lame and impotent
conclusion! O, Zacluiryl Zacharyl quae demen
tiac etpit te7
CONGRESS.
Our readers will find in our columns the coneluding
part of Mr. Cass's speech on the constitutionality
of the Wilmot Proviso. Mr. C. haa
shown throughout *he whole of his speech
which is regarded as a masterly effort, tliat ho
is aound to the core on the all important question.
We aleo publish an abstract of the speech of
Mr. Clingman, of North Carolina, on the admis"
n~i:r t v.. a_t _x c*?ii
muii ui v/ttiiiuriim. xzu uinc.i Hirong oouinurn
ground, and shown the benefits the South would
derive from a dissolution of this Union.
Also, an abstract of the speech of Mr. How*
ard of Texas, in defence of the <South?he is
justly severe on the President for the sly interference
in the affairs of California, which has
lately been brought to light through tho Message
and other documents. Texas will stand
hy the South.
A NEW IDEA.
V*h3 President nnd Directors of the Virginia
and Tennessee Railroad Company have mado
their second annual repott, and recommend to
the stockholders, as a Bound policy, to authorico
i ihe bord of directors to build a rolling mill, far
j the manufacture of the railroad iron required
; in its construction. 7'heir calculation* show
that (hey will savo the sum of $282,21*7
; king their own iron. If this bo tru?, why should
Carolina Railroad Companies goto Europe to
buy iron? 2The work on the al>ove road was
formally commenced, a short time since?Gov,
Floyd, of Virginia, spade in bond, made the
first cxcavation of earth at Lvnchburar.
V
THE OREENVILLXMOUMTAlNEEfc.
This paper camo to us ttoo weeks ainro with
a new fancy head piece, and cori&idcrably enlarged.
The eoureo of the-Cifollna press is progressive,
and every mail brings us additional
eviJoncoH of the fa4t. The typographical part
of the Mountaineer is handsomely executed.
Wo hope it will receive that patronage which
ita improved hppearance merit*.
ME?9SAQE.
Gen. Taylor has sent to Oongrcra, Mcssago
No. B. in reply to cor tain inquiries relating to
California. All comment on the subject has
bren crowded out this week. The Me-nnage is
marked by strong ovidenccs of duplicity, and in
hincerity to the South?the papers accompany,
ing the Memage show plainly that tho General
has l>cnn tampering with California, holding out
inducements to tha t people to exclude slavery
from tho country by their constitution.
MARVTAXD WIDE AWAKE.
The House of Representatives of the
State of Maryland has adopted a resc
lutwn doctoring her a fclardboTtfag State
?protesting against, fill interference by
Congress with the slavery question?declaring
a preference for the Union, but ii
a separation must take plar ? that she will
go with the South.
I ?
THAT NEW ROAD.
The Commissioners appointed to lay
out a new road from this place to Penj
dleton, had fixed on last ^Tuesday as the
i rlnv fr\v ?.
I IV* VVUIUIVUVIII^ fcUUII lin Vdll^HllOn&i
but they nil "camc up missing" exccpt
j Oen. Garvin. Wt have heard of no ex'
cuse for the disappointment?hope they
nil have a good one, and that they will
' agree on some early day to carry into effect
this much desired improvement.
THE FARMER AND PLANTER
We are requested, by the Messenger
to say that, the Farmer nnd Planter v ill
be fortb-coming early in this month.
Some unavoidable delay prevented its
, appearance during the last montb. Wo
fnicf tKo r?f nnr
vr- ??'<; fi" "
on It tliat nntronftgc to which nn ngricultnral
enterprise established in our midst>
is clearly entitled.
Oor thank* arc tendered to Hon. Jos. L. Orr
fur finndrv P!nr\rrr?uairYnol il.vmmnMiu
THE "STATE OF CALIFORNIA."
Wc yesterday noticed the extent to
j which Executive interference in California
had been carried, as appears from official
cfbeuments stibniitted to Congress.
IFe now call at'tchTion to a remarkable
statement of Mr. Foote, made on the
floor of the Senate, in the dobafn nf
Thursday, the 17th instant, on Mr? Cl?mens'
resolution. Mr Footc 'was replying
to Mr. Truman Smith, who, while offering
himself as the semi-official representative
of the Executive, professed ignorance
of matters made notorious in iuo
newspaper press during the summer.?
; Here is the statement, which passed
mil liAiit
n??uu? WUUCIUIVUUII Ul IJU ill I li CilUOll. 1"
Char. Mercury*
"It has been stated in the California
papers, and I know the Senator reads
those papers, and hnvx> no doubt he has
the most extensive knowledge of Chlifor^
nia matters. This fact has been published
also in all the newspapers I have
met with recently in the United SUitec,
and must be known to every man of intelligence
in the country, ylnd the fact
is this: It iy ft part of the proceedings of
tlie California convention, that a leading
member of that body, Mr. Bolt?, by
flame?a distlngtiishcrd Virgin':?, Demo
criu, ana an oia acquaintance or own
?rose up, and in a speech which has
circulated in a printed form, and which
I can hand to the honorable Senator if
he desires to see it?I say he rose up in
; his place, at the precise moment when
Gen. Ililey quitted the chair of the convention,
which he occupied during the
wnoic course 01 ine deliberative proceedings
which ha4 been gaing on> and said
he felt boUnd to state the fact* -and-challenge
denial, that coercive power had
been employed to bring about the present
stato of things; that the constitution
of California about to be adopted bad
been forced upon them He charged
further, that assurance* had been given
in the most imposing manner, hy the
powers in Washington that, unfett such
a constitution wits- adapted as Wa&-suited
to mc instes 01 ccirtnm high personages
here?perhaps including the honorable
Senator from Oonhecticut, for he may
have admonished them topbiY the suhject
by a eifrdCttyr, for aught I know, and in
eluding the President and his cabinet?
all the influence of the Executive would
be thrown ag&tost the admission of California
as a sovereign State; but that, in
mo event of the adoption of a constitution
ngrccafMe to them, then that the infltfehCf
AvOuld be exerted?through tho
honorable Senator from Connecticut, I
presume, not I suppose intended to be
employed in any but legitimate modes?
for her admission. Now the honorable
Senator from Connecticut need not impute
anything to the administration or to.
myself. Iatnte in Vi5m ?t iWt A?t
I been published, find must be disproved,
I or this administration will'remain unvincat
oil; I state to hiri a fact which I would
not liko to take for granted, in the ab*
Bence of evidence?a tnet which must be
explained; in relation to which thk administraiion
most bo vindicated, else it must
Buffer in the estiaiation of the whole coun
t rjr WW ?
The CotmriiUeo of* Ways and J/ern^
iri the lowor house of the Alabama Leg*
islature has rt?orted against an appropri*
ation feft*- rchuilding the canitol> and in
fiivonof removing temfiorariiy to the old
cftpitol at Tuscoloosa. until tho RfintimehU
may b<8
Murder.?Mr. G. Fowlor, wag
dered in Raleigh on the 8rd inst., by *
Christopher Scott, who inflicted tju#6?
mortal wounds on him with ft knife.?Scott
U in j?i), and bail refused him.?
I The deed was committed at lli? lio'une at
the devil, or ill frnne.?AijKRkMt**,