TO THINK OWN SKLK UK THl'K, AND 11 ML'ST FOLLOW, AS "111K NIC!Ill' THK DAY, THOU CAU-KT NOT TI1KN UK l'Al.SK TO ANV MAN."
VOL. I. PICKENS COURT IlOIiSJE, S. C., SATURDAY, AUGUST 4, 1819. NO. 12
THK i HOllsintlO no J'
KUOWEI) COI1K1EK,
rniNTKn ani> i'Iibmaiiiio wi^ki.v in
W. II. TRIMMIKK.
T. W. NORMS, Jr., ^ r....
13. M. KEIT11, \ E,1,to,s
TKRiTIS.
One Dolkr and Fifty Cents for one yoftr's
subscription when paid within three inoiilln,
Two dollars if payment i* delayed to the c'.ose
vi imi Huoscription year.
All subsciiplioiiH not dourly limited, will bo
considered R8 pintle for nn imletiuito time, and
coi.'litued till ft discontinuance is ordered and i
all nrrenmjrofl pnid.
Advertisoncttlf inserted at Ift cents pe
square for the first insertion, ami 81 1-2 cts. fo
ouvh continued insertion. Liberal deductions
innde to those advertising l>y the year.
All Communications should be adtlross,cd
to Uic Publisher post paid.
GEN. CASS ON THE WILMOT PROVISO j
Tlio following extracts from the recent !
letter of Gen. Cass, will give a clear idea j
of its pitli and substance. We quote only
from the part relating to the Wilmot'
Proviso:
"It will not surprise you, but it will
mnnv, who have viewed my course only
in a party aspect, to be told that in that
very loner to Mr. Nicholson I expressly (
stated my opinion to bo, thrit shivery :
would never extend to California or New
Mexico; and Unit the "inhabitants of
those radons, whpf.lmr tiw.v
0 , V..V-, Ull |
(heir plows or their herds, 'cannot bo 1
slaveholders." T quoted with full np- :
probation the opinions of Mr. Buchanan
and of Mr. Walker, the former of whom
says: "It is morally impossible, therefore,
that a majority of the emigrants to that
portion of the territory South of 30?
:t0' will ever re-establish slavoiy within
its limits." Ml" Wslllfnr i?ni?(nino
' beyond tho Rio del Norto slavery will
not pass, not only bccause it is forbidden
by law, but because the colored race
1 here preponderates in the ratio of ten
to one over tho whites; and holding, as
they do, the government and most of the
?ni it...!.. '
vmuun 111 tnt-ir possession, moy avilI not
permit tho enslavement of any portion
of (he colored race, which makes and
executes tho laws of the country." And
to theso remarks I add: The (picslion, it
will therefore be seen on examination,
does not regard the exclusion of slavery
from a region where it now exists, but a ;
prohibition against its introduction where
it docs not^jptist, and where, from the
feelings of the inhabitants, and the laws
oi nature, "it is morally impossible," as
Mr. Buchanan says, "tfiat it can ever reestablish
itself."
"I have never uttored to it hitman Leing
a sentiment in opposition to these
views. And subsequent events, the
events indeed of every day, confirm their
justice, and render it more impossible
that slavery should be re-established in
the region ceded to us by Mexico. Such
a. i ?? 1
wiu guuunu opinion 111 uiu non-sitivc- |
holding Slates, among those who are j
most attached to the compromises of the |
constitution, and most determined to
maintain tliem. And I do not donbt bnt
there aro many person in the Southern
States -who resist the Wilmot Proviso i
\\ itii all their power, as offensive to the
feelings and injurious to thoughts of tho
South, but who still believe it is a question
rathci*^of principle than of action,
and that circumstances arc preparing an '
oxolusion which Congro*.s has no right to
pronounce.
* In th .j view here taken, the effect to
engraft the Wilmot Proviso upon an act
of Coa^nv^,, even if Congress had the
requisite power, is iv useless attempt to j
direct the legislation of the country to
nil object which would bo just ns certain- j
l)r attained without it. If Congress, [
have not the power, 'as I believe they
have not,' in common with a larger portion
of the people, it becomes worse than
useless by becoming unconstitutional.?
And in aiklition to this, it is pe uliaily
? i _if /* ii iv . " ?
ouunHivu 10 onc-:iau 01 me ruawp 01 tne
Union, who seo in it nn attempt tocir- ;
cnmscnb? tlieir rights, and to mortify
their pride of character. No .man can
look at the signs of the times without
being satisfied t|iftt the prosecution of this
question is producing the worst state of
feeling; ami though I trust that happen
what may, our Southern brethren will
still cling to the Union, etjuall^tlnjir ark i
of safety and ours, still there are evifs i
>liort' of a separation which every good
.itizen should seek to avoid, lie should
eek to avoid all occasions of unfriendly
.'celin^s: to avoid So fur as nifty be the
\gitfttion of questions hostile to the senti- ,
nentft or interests of different sections
of the country, and thus tending to nrrtiv
>nc of them against another. Therms '
< nough passing inihe t)td Wet Id?and if
there wore not. there is cnomdi mwairw
wound us?to tonch us thft lnortlirhahlg
. talucof our inMiiulions, mid thai th<>so
ought not to be hazarded hy internal ili.;- 1
wi.nww.iiv m iiiwir origin
as thcv arc portentous in their consequences.
much for the expediency of urging
a meiisuro thus advocated and opposed.
But beyond this question is a still more.
important one in a constitutional government,
and that, is the power ot' Congress
to legislate over the subject; and this
must be settled afiirmatively before the
propriety of legislative action can be
considered. 1 am not going over this
ground at present. 1 have already
touched it in my letter to Mr. Nicholson,
and I shall probably have an opportunity
of expressing my sentiments more
ftlllv nf (lin n/ivl _r/"<
j .... v *v nv/AK fiasiuii ui congress.
General Cass goes on then to discuss
(ho constitutional right of Congress to
legislate over the territories. 1 le denies
that such power exists. lie says that
Mr. Madison and Judge Story placed the
action of the old confederation, in passing
the ordinance of 1787, entirely upon the
ground of necessity. For exorcising
such a power of legislation over the territories,
he says there is no authority except
that, of precedent, and he adds:
We f.livn (!">? inaliwnl".. ' '
- ....... ..wv?ivu>gir uuill \Yli;il
has been done to wlmt ought to bo done
?from the authority of precedent to the
authority of the constitution. These arc
times which try such questions. Who
can wonder, that with the views entertained
of this subject by the South, an
appeal should he made to the common
charter of the country, or that a large
portion of our citizens should be satisfied
wi*' no answer not derived from it? That
wnai nas noon must continue to bo, is a
principle which has done more to pcrpetniito
abuses than all the other causes
which have operated upon political institutions.
The letter concludes as follows:
Those who oppose the Wilinot Proviso
on the ground of its unconstitutionality,
uiiu never surrcnaer their opinions and
vote for it. Those who have heretofore
advocated its adoption may well abandon
it, convinced, as t.hcv must be, that their
object will bo as well attained without it
as with it. It appears to
mo one of the most barren questions that
over divided a country; barren in useful
results, but fertile in diflicnbies and dan- j
gcrs. 1 freely confess that F. look with i
nmnzetrlent upon the zeal and pertinacity I
displayed in urging this measure under i
the.se circumstances, nntl augur from them J
(lie \\ orst consequences.
Theste arc my, sentiments. They will
give offence (o many, and will expose me
to much obloquy. But I do not hesitate '
thus openly to avow them; for every pub- }
lie man who is not prepared to take a decided
part agreeably to his convictions, !
in times like these, is not prepared to dis- i
charge one of the first duties which he- ;
lonjr to his position. "To insure rlnmnc- I
tic tranqui!'y," in the words of (he constitution,
was one of the great motives
of the people of the United States in the 1
organization of their present government, i
Jl/onsures which may endanger that tran- :
quility should be scrutinized with great
caution, and never adopted but in the
hu t necessity, and then with great reluc
tancc.
LETTERS OF HENRY CLAY VXD
MARTIN VAN BUREN.
The following letters were read at the
free soil eonvenlion held at Cleveland, I
Ohio, on the 18th inst.:
A8Uland, Jui\e 10, 1840.
.uontlcmen:?I received your otlicial
letter, in behalf of the freemen of the Reserve,
inviting me to unite with thorn, ait.
Cleveland, in celebrating the anniversary
of the presage of the ordinance of It/87,
on the 13th of July next. I concur entirely
in opinions as to the wisdom of that
1 T 1 111 1 J 1
? , IIIKI i .mi J^IIUI ifuu. 11 uns
secured to the States on which it operates
nn exemption from the evils of shivery.
But the event of the passage of the ordinance
has never, within my knowledge,
been celebrated in any one of the sixtyone
years which have since intervened. Jt
is proposed for the first, time to commemorate
it. It is impossible to disguise the
V/VUV ii/(iuii i i nil 11117% fill 1.1 fi km: Ull^lllilU1^ tint
of the question, now unfortunately agitating
ilic whole Union, of the introduction
.of slavery into Now A/exico nnd Californin.
Whilo no one enn bo more opposed
than I nm to the ox tension of slavery into
t hose new territories, either by the authority
of; Congress or by individual entcrpuse,
T should l>e unwilling to do any thing
to increase tho prevailing excitement. I
1 *!...* il. i! .. '--.ill I i - -
iii11jit uiitL mu ijtii-MiDii win DI3 nu t in ;i
Rpirit of enlmnrss and candor, and .finally
ftettled In a manner to ndd htronj^tli and
{liability, instead Of-biinffhitf any danger,
to th? existence of oisvlJJhioiH In all our
difTcronct^ of opinion \vc tthould never
eonse. to renumber thai \vr aro lejjowcitizeus
ot'otxv common nnd glorious coun
j try, nor to exercjso mutual niul friendly
i forbearance.
i But, gentlemen, waiving all other coni
sidcrations, indispensable engagements
will prevent my t'ltendnnco on the occa- 1
sion to which you have done me the honl
or to invito mo.
"With great rcspcct, T am,
Your friend and ob't. servant,
II. CLAY.
Afossrs. J. 0. Vaughan, T. Drown, Com.
JjiKnKNW.vu), July 7, 1840.
Gentlemen:?1 have received
! \ itation with which you have honored me, j
I to unite with the freemen of the Reserve
in celebrating on the 13th inst. the anni- !
| versnry of the passage of the ordinance of
: 1787, and return you my bost thanks for
this proof of your respect and confidence.
It will not be in my power to comply
with your request, ar lit can scarcely bo
necessary to say to you bow cordially and
, earnestly 1 concur in (lie nr?lir?v ?? ' il.r. ,
j great measure you desire to sustain.
, That "the ordinance of 1787" lies at j
, the foundation of the growth and prosI
pei! y of the people and States of th
; .Northwest?that the vigor and vitality !
j they possess is justly attributable to its ;
; action?that the exclusion of slavery by j
i that act, f/on this territory?all then hejd !
i by the nation?dcclarerl ilm ?ri??n?i ?.wi I
, . , 7 ? ?? .
I allnmed the futuro policy of the Ameri
, can people?and that the iuflucnco of
(iovernment should be kept actively and ,
; perpetually on I he side of freedom?are
; opinions which deserve, and will, I doubt
; not, ut no distant day, meet with the heartfelt
concurrence of the .masses of the people
of every section of our extended confederacy.
Sincerely wishing you succes in your
patriotic efforts, I am gentlemen,
Very respectfully,
Your obedient kovvnnt
MART A N V ANJiYT RUN"
Messrs. J. C. Yauglmn. T. Drown, Com.
[/'Voin the JV. Y. Tribune.\ (
tw. <3?
X'4U AivimiikM ui' Ol ATK, j J
Washington 20th June, 1840. j <
L. 11. Breisach, Iijsq., Now York. j <
Sir?I am requested by the President j
to acknowledge the receipt of your letter i
to him on the 7th insfr. and the printed 1
account of the proceeding of the mooting i
of Hungarians and others in New York. <
7'hcso proceedings had not escape atlcn- i
tion. i
7'he Government and the people of
this conn try are profoundly interested ja
the events which ore now passing in Hungary,
and all information calculated to j (
ihvnw llirllt oil flio r>r/?or>n< " i
- O "v:" i
tween that country and Austria and litis
81ft cannot fail to be welcomo.
It is the policy and practice of the Uni- i
led States to recogni/.c all Governments I
which exhibit to the world convincing i!
proof of their power so maintained thom- !
selves.
If JIuncrnrv sustainsherself in Mils im-1
etninl contest, there is no reason why wo ;
should not recognize her independence. I
Congress, it is believed, would sanction
such a measure, and this Government <'
would be most happy in that event to on j
tor into commercial as well as diplomatic
relations with independent Hungary.
i am, sir, respectfully i
your obediant servant,
John M. Clayton. : i
Mrs. Louisiana Thowcr died on the i<
20th March, at her residence in IheStntc j?
of Georgia, nged at least one hundred and j i
thirty-nine years. Khe had seven children
before the Revolution; her youngest, j 1
living chi'ui is between seventy and
eight v; she has great grandchildren thir- .
ty years of age, and a number of great-j
cfreat-aieat-trrnndchildren livinrr in Flor
I idn.
('auxoukia Goi.n.?Wo lmve. been
ftUUfshed, from the Mint/with the f<?lio>vinpr
statement:
The deposits of' California Gold
dnring the six months ending
30th of June, wore?at tho
Philadelphia Mint, - - < $1,000,81$
At the New-Orlenns Mint, - - 174,185
iL f Yhw A'AA I
O 1 , I I o,w&
Arid tlt<> aniount deposited at
tlie Philadelphia Mint, io
the 15th inst , - - R"7,302
Depositor of T 64 fc, ? - - 41,111,
Tot til deijogiftwnfl far as ascertained/
fcl ,.106,572
| /'hi fa. North Atnerican, July 20.
IIoun's Verv iMTBfnVr?Horn inquired
of a Hardware merchant if lie kept all
kinds of nails, 'Yen,' replied lie, expert
iiiL' to enlflh a r.MHloniPr. 'Wull. fl.nn' i
said the incorrigible, 'give me ft pbttnd
and a half of (at-nailst' For fear of getting
a pourtrf-fH he wa: obliged to mizzle.
From the Cfarlnton C u i r
Haii,-Roao Accidknt.?ThccarH from
Philadelphia, wore detained beyond lh<'
regular hour last night, on account of
their having ran over and killed three
cows near Wilmington, causing the upsetting
of the engine and tender aiid badly
conl/liiw^ "
tnu ^njjiuccr#
Baltimore, July 21.
Advices from S.m Francisco to the 19th
May, say tliat the market is overstocked
with goods, and the town crowded with
emigrants. Seventy vessels had arrived
there. The rivers were much swollen bv
B # %/
rcccnt rains. All was tjviict at the mines.
Some persons arc staled to Iu1.v9.dug 00,000
dollars worth of gold in a few days.
Dates from Buenos Ayrcs of the 0th*
June advise that all was tranquil there. 1
A civil war had broke out in Cale lo- .
nia.
The l'rcnih blockade in the Oriental |
ports had been raised and the lleet were
returning home.
The cholera is stilted to be nijiidly decreasing
in the Wf&l.
| Telegraphed for Charleston Courier.]
Our JUdtimore correspondent, ui\d,?r
dale of 23d ins!., f?ives us the following. t
T'PI.nin n\r rn*..- "
i j j> i i jill< UAIjKIJOJNIA. ,
An official bulletin 1ms boon issued by (
I ho Austrinns, announcing that (he llun- 1
tjarians have been compelled to retire from t
Haab. They were said to have taken a ]
route towards Acs, prior to the capture of (
Haab. (Je^rgy, by declining to risk a <
battle at Haab, and retreating towards I
Gran, deceived the Austrians. i
The Russians were under ll necessity 1
of leaving some 20,000 men I. iore Com- <
orn. Georgy, however, would never have
uuanuoncu itanb,o^ccpt with the view Of '.
detaching n portion of his force against j ]
Paskewitch. I
A mmor prevailed in the French As- i j
seinbl) , that the Hungarians had obtain- 1 I
cd nn important advantage over the Rns- I <
sians, in the vicinity of Kaab. The Rns- '
sians are reported to have lost ten thou- ]
sand men at AVaumo. ' I
A conspiracy against the Pruss iari Gov- 1
eminent was discovered, and a desperate ' f
battle took place between the troops and >
insurgents on the 29th ult., in the vicinity j'
r>f Carlshuc and Mogders telle, in which J r
Lhc insurgents were defeated. Gen. Pan- { i
ncckcr had taken possession of Barren. ! t
THE CHOLERA. |(
This horrible epidemic, which has pre- j.
railed with such fatal ellect in most.por- j ,
nuns 01 our country, tor somo limn past, '
Is, we are happy lo learn, decreasing. ^
Vks8i:i. Destroyed.?On the 7th inst. *'
Ihe American lirijjj Otkcllo, while tipohor- '
sd in tho river at Tabasco, was struck by A
lightning, look fire, and vias destroyed.
Mom: Goj.p.?The Br. steam ship i
Great Western, from Vera Cruz, arrived
it Mobile on the 20th inst. with one mil- j
lion two hundred thousand dollars worth j
nf California Oold, consigned io New-Or ,
leans merchants. ,
(
? | ,
i s
The following decision nftecting (lie !.
rights of belligerents was made in Now- ! J,
York, on the 13th inst., under the follow - I j
mg oircumstances: K
A requisition was made by the consnl ' (
of Bremen, under the Hanseatio treaty, to ! ,
Judge Betts, for aid of United.States pro- > ,
nr>?s, to arrest and detain II. Bnrtolo, 8. |1
Borg, F. Peterson, nnd four othorsj u.h j (
deserters from the Bremen ship Dorothea, 1 <
*1.: i rni-- ? i . ? . i
in iiu^ jiun.. xiib iihmi were orougniimo i |
court by the marshal, and the IT. ft. dibtr?ot
attorney moved tlicy be committed.
Counsel fow the prisoners proposed to
prove that two of the men wore Danes, 1
and that (/no other was u'tHeh urged hy.t])p
master : and nnntandAfl t.lmf <1>a Tinnna
were not bound to servo on board the ves- I
f?el?Denmark and tlie German eonfc-d- 1 1
oration being at war.
J udgo I3ett? decided tlxxt, under tbe
treaty stipulation# no question was open '
to consideration before him, other tnftn 1
whether iliese men are the individuals I
named in the. ships roll, and whether i
ll>i?v nrr> i Ifi'/fiw i\f (li<? IT.CliUn I
Tim Uibunqis of this country have no cpginstance
of the contract, to cto^ormhic;
whether it be vulied by tho local law
where the ship belong.-?, or by the law of ]
nations, The object of the convention!^ i
to have uattcrs affrtbting the liabilities or '
i ight? of the Bcnmen, in respect to thp j
smonincr contract, adilisted unn detrimin
ed by lite courts of the country whom
the ship belong*. No proof being given
that the captain had discharged any ?ne
of tho crow.in this port, it is ordered that
(he men be committed, pursuant to the
provision of (ho'ln-uty and arts of Con !
greys in flint behalf. Washington lie2?tblic.
|
Mns. Maduon's Annuity.?Tlio New*
Vork JournaJ pf Commerce, speaking of
Mrs. Madison's deotli, says
"Congress, two years ago, purchased
(lie remaining Madison papers, and gave
Mrs. J/adison the interest of a fund of
twenty lUpusnnd dollars, which was i>ut
in the' hands of trustees.
"Mr. jl/ndison retired from the Presidency
with a handsome competency, but
it was impnired before his death. Through
the indiscretion of /Vrs. J/iidison's son by
her first husband, she had become impoverished,
notwithstanding the receipt of
11 1 -1-" * -- l- -
.wm unmsinui uuuurs niter J)Ir, jJfadisot/s
death, from Congress, for ihe first
series of J/adison papers. Congress was
willing to give her twenty thousand dollars
more, but it was known that the sum
would not enure her benefit. With
her death the annuity eCascs, and the
fund goes hack into fhc treasury. She
was, however enabled to make some provision
for a devoted niece, who has been
tho nron of linv nlrl nifn "
.... -r ..... "6v..
[From the Savannah Georgian, July 21.]
AXOTIIER FLORIDA W A It?OUTBREAK
OF THE INDIANS.
Information has been received in thus
;ity from Florida, stating that the renaming
Seminoles have become hostile,
ind have committed depredutions on Julian
River, in 8011th Florida <i.~
best information avc can obtain, some
imc in the early j?nrt of last week, the
[ndians madc an attack on the settlements
>n Indian River, in St. Lucio county, and
ommenced plundering tho houses aiid
aring on the settlors. The Indiims, >i!is
stated, wereiii considerable muyljers, so
much so that defence by the whites was
sntirely impossible. Ojie person, a My.
liak.Qr, was killed a*ul horribly mutilated,
fl/aj. W. F. Russell, Deputy Collector, at
Indian River, was shot in tho arm. ilia
nmily, it is feared, have fallen into the
ianJ\ .uf the Indians, as they have since
been missing. A munber.of other persons,
mostly females, arc also missing.
The settlers were ohligedtoleavo their
Maces and take io the river, nnd come up
he const outside. Some tjventy men,
ivomon and children have arrived r.t
>t. Augustine, and report others on their
,ViV\
There are yet a considerable number
>f Indians remaining lii Florida. We
mve it on tljp i^thonty of one ivlio isininrmtoly
acquainted with them, a rcsiloni
of Tampa and Charlott's Harbor,
hat the number of warriors cannot be
"ss than two hundred and fifty, lie has
iad .p.pportunifids from his dealings with
llOITl. fn l:nr.v? snmnH?n? nf ?
, Mv..?yviiv?M VI IIIVII HHill>er.
They nre well supplied with arms
ind ammunition, an^l flcattcrcd in small
>arties throughout tfyc .country, aa tiuv
vill be, wilt give serious trouble.
.WK/K.OF THE^TiiVOAiu FALLS.?-The
J 10,000 tons of water which each minlte
pour over the precipice"qf ^he Niagirn,
arc estimated to carry away a foot
if tho Miff m'Jltr v/inv -
( j . KtKiuirg tins
ivenige, '.ind adopting (l>c clear geologi nl
proof that the fall once existed at
^ueenstown, four miles below, we must.
iuppOfp a period of twenty thousand
ears occupied in this rpccs^jon of the
ataract to its actual site?while in the
)elta of the Mississippi, nearly 14,000
3uare miles in extent, an estimate fouwl.
on its prcsiVnt ia'o cf njcijpasc, and on
i calculation of the amount of ertby
patter brought rtmvn tho stream, has
ustified JMr, T^vcll in alleging that sixty;cvcn
thousand years must have elapsed
since the formation of this great deposit
}tgan.;?Quarterly JRcvicxo,
Census of Greenville District.?Wo
no indebted to tho politeness of 6rol. R.
1) ...V~ i?i
l . uuumcn., ?tiiu iii*? jusi cumpieiea inc
t nstts of the white inhabitants of Greenville
District, for a statement of the result
:
Whole number of white inhabitants,
1F,552
Increase since the Census of 1800, 0(50
\Moun taint*.*
The State Capitol of Tcrtnfcssee, nt
Nashville. is said to bo one of the grandest
edifices of the kind in the Union. It
is 240 foot deep by 235 frot front; and
will be supported by 28 columns.- ftnrfi 4o
fret in height. The height of the building
will be 80 feet. The Banner says
(lint wliolo building is t6' he constructed
of frtono and iron, inside as well as outside.
,rJs Mr. M. abstemious in his living ?"
asked n nbvsieian of a rather nbf*i?n ni
londnni upon.a patient laboring under nn
inllamat</ry tjjmiplftjihl.
"WiuuJ&e's abstemious enough in the
oafin' pnrt,7V&4 I tell'you lie's stcniuiou;,
when you conKno tfu" r k iu'.'
<