MAJOR GENERAL E. F. GAINES.
The Now Orleans Picayune, in announcing
the doath of this gallant veteran,
who was only a warrior for the sake of
pcace, thus happily sketches the incidents
of a life long and useful?which gave
AHA1* rv V\io n?/l Cft Wrt/* .J rt
?4w??vn Mia VVUIII/I j a.iu lUUlU VU IUU UU*
parted chieftain'.
"Now that the nged warrior is no
more, and professional rivalries can no
longer cast a shade over his merit, the
whole Republic will no doubt hasten to
pay unqualified tribute to his many admirable
qualities. We do not pretend to
enumerate them here, for they have a
place of greater lustre in the imperishable I
records oT some of the brightest pages of ]
American history ; but we will remark
that in no part of the United States were
they better appreciated than in Ncw-Orlcans,
where by along residence he bad
thoroughly imbued its inhabitants with
the conviction of this high military genius,
his devoted patriotism, nnd his peculiar
single mindedness in all that related
to the public service. Ilis views on the
line of policy to be adopted at the outset
of the war with Mexico afford an illustra
uon oi tne ample grasp ot mind m military
matters with which he was endowed,
and his promptitude in meeting the exigencies
that arose out of our first opera
tions on the Rio Grande, evinced the
genuine patriotism which ever characterized
his noble heart.
"We recollect an incident at that period
which admirably brought out his fine
qualities of the dovoted citizen and uncompromising
soldier. When superseded
13 command, he remark in our presence
before the superior officers of the
Louisville Legion, then about to proceed
to Brazos: 'Gentlemen, we arc in a diametrically
opposi'c position ; glori -us to
you, out painiut in tne extreme to mc.
You go to meet the foe ; I, for the first
time in my life, am compelled, in the hard
obligations of duty, and under superior
orders, to turn my back on him.' But
the task would be an endless one to recapitulate
the examples with which his
glorious career abounds, of his unhesitating
sacrifices to honor, duty, and his
country's weal.
"His brilliant defence of Fort Erie is
fresh in the minds of his admiring countrymen
; his arrest of Aaron Burr, when
occupying a very subordinate rank in the
service, and other exploits must be left to
tne pen ot hw biogmphcr. We look for
n sketch of his life, more ample in detail
than can be afforded in the columns of the
daily press, wherein full justice shall be
done hiib.
Oen. Gaines retained his consciousness
during his short illness, until the mom nt
of the collapse. Yesterday mornir recognising
one of his young military friends
who stood much atfcctod at his bedside,
he remarked to him in measured accents:
'Well, my young friend, my time is approaching.
I suppose I must go. I have
nothing on my conscience, and am not
afraid to die. I am an old man, and probably
have lived long enough.' This highly
characteristic address was delivered
with the Utmost calmness ?Viowinrr
?- - B v"v
perfect pence of mind of the brave and
good old soldier.
"When the moment of dissolution arrived,
life passed away without a struggle.
Ha died as he hod lived, calm and
collected ; with a serenity that nothing?
not even the terrors of the mo tal pang?
could discompose.
"The deceased was born in Virginia,
on the 20th of March, in the year 1777 ;
was appointed Ensign of Infantry from
Tennessee. 10th June. i7oo \fnJr?r
cral hv brevet 15th August, 1814 ; and
at th.j time of bis death was commanderin-chief
of the Southern Division of the
ormy.
"The mortal remains of the gallant old
hero have already been dressed in the
full uniform of his rank, with his battle
sword buckled to his side. Thus he lies
ir. death, as he ever wished to He, with
the panoply of a proud soldier on! Thus
he will be buried as he ever wished to be
buried ! Ev mund Pendleton Gaines was
is brave a soldier as ever trod on battle
ground!
From the South Carolinian.
A THORNY COUCH.
General Taylor we think will repent
the hear he accepted the nomination for
the Presidency, but more bitterly must
he rue the announcement he made, that
"honestv, capacity, and fidelity" would j
be the only requisites in his officers. Mr,
B. F. Brown having received nc/?cc to
quit, addressed the following note to Secretary
Meredith, to which he received no
answer:
Wasiiiwoton, June 1, 1840.
"Sir : I have this day received from
you a dismissal from office. I respectfully
request of you a copy of the charges
against my "honesty, capacity, and
fidelity" in the discharge of my official
duties, if any exist." |
Mr. Rrnwn (linn ? *
? wauin iviwr I.O !
the President, the concluding paragraph
of which is couched in scorching language.
He says:
' To this letter (the above note) I have
received no reply, for the reason that
there are no euch charges. I was removed
for my political opinions alone
Wore this given as the reason for my re|
? ~
moval, I should submit cheerfully, proud
that I am considered worthy to bo sacrificed
for my principles. But you have
neither the disposition nor the honesty to
admit the fact. By so doing, you would
place yourself before the world seli-eonvinced
of the violation of your most solemn
pledges made in the- presence of
God and the people. You prefer rather
to attach the stain of infamy to those
whom you displaco from office ; to prostitute
the presidential office into an infamous
engine by which you may defame
the private character nnd blacken the reputation
of your fellow-raen, after having
deprived'them of their means of support;
a course of conduct in a Chief Magistrate
which will find its parallel only in the
atrocitv of the bandit, who first seizes the
fmrse and '.hen drives the dagger to the
icart of his plundered victim. Uut there
is a power in this country more potent
than the edict of a President or the decrees
of an irresponsible cabal, upon
whom he may seek to throw the responsibility
and odium of acts which ho dare
not perpetrate in his own name, but for
which ne is himself alone accountable.
That power is public opinion, and to
thr.t tribunal the humblest citizen can
appeal.
KEO W EE~~C O uTUEIT
Saturday, June S3, IS'19.
Anniversary Oration.?Wc invite the attention
of this community to the advertisemc .t
of the Pickens Lyckum ; and heartily approve
i the mode, choKcn by the Lyceum, for commemorating
the National Anniversary, which is too i
frequently remembered only in revelry and di* J
sipation. The selection of the Orator is u good j
or.o, nndas there is no other celebration in the I
neighborhood, wc bespeak for our friend, a
crowded house.
Coi'rt of Equity adjourned on last TIiutbi
day after setting a few hours; Chancellor DarI
gan presided,?not Chuncellor Dunkin, as we
stated last week. Thero was little business^
and none of any importance.
AN ABOLITIONIST ARRESTED.
It is with indignation and regret we havo to
announce that the rabid Abolitionists and Freeeoilcrs
of the North, not contcnt with harassing
the Soutli by every species of misrepresentation,
ridicule, and abuse, of which their fruitful
imaginations are capable,?endeavoring to produce
insubordination among our slaves and
discontent among ourselves, by arraying the
lower and up country against each other?by
scattering the fire broods of discord among our
people in the uliapo of incendiary book.\ papers
and pamphlets; but have become bo bold
and enthusiastic, as to send into the very bo?om
of our happy country, the heartless, conscienceless
Abolitionist in person, to propagate his un
j uam/tt tu UWIU11U9.
J. M. Barrett, a young man of genteel np'
pearancc, was arrested last week by the citi!
zens of Spartanburg Village, npon a chargc of
'circulating and distributing incendiary publications.'
Mr. B., who is doubtless an hired emisary
of the Northern lave, hails from Cincinn&tti,
Ohio, and pretends to be travelling ovtr
the country in search of statiscal facta for a
Gazetteer about being published in that city.
If we may be allowed to conjecture, we would
say he is obtaining such statistics as will probably
eubserve the ends of Iuh fnrtinn
with the names of individuals in the neighborhood
of post offices, to whom abolition documents
may hereafter be directed. Mr. B. visited
this Village not long since, ostensibly on
the same business, and was even then strongly
suspected of having some illegitimate object
in view. From tlus plncc, he went to Pendleton
and Anderson Villages, nt each of which
places he was also suspected, and was near
being nrrestcd at the latter place. Since that
we ha ve heard nothing of him, until lie visited
the good citizens of Spartanburg. Some intimation
had Men given them of Mr. B.'s probable
intention of visiting them, and sure enough
several letter* preceded him, mailed at Ciucinnatti
and Dublin, Indiana, addressed to J. M.
Barrett. These letters were afterwards unwillingly
exhibited and found to contain sundry
inccndiary papers and writings, sufficient to
justify his arrest. He wan committed to jail
to await his trial in the Court of Sessions at
the next Fall Term. The Spartan says thAt
the only account which the said B. crav?#>f Kim. I
| self is "that he id an agent for Messrs: E. Har-vood
ik Co., New York, to collcct statistics
uiui information for a Gazetteer, shortly to be
published and that he cannot be reapomible
for any letters or documents bent to hitr. by
| mail." Tho same authority says the prisoner
was treated with the utmost civility by the people
prosent
CHOLERA?ITS CAU8E AND CURE
Numerous conicctures nml *
w - ..?*vuvn iM>ru I
! been made to ascertain the cause of thin disease,
i But each experimenter differs bo materially ,
from (JI the others, that little else has an yet'
been established save the utter ignorance of all
speculators an to the agent producing citolera.
The. hut hypothesis is, that it is owing to a
deleterious agent in tho atmosphere, called
Ozone. Its existenco was discovered by Prof.
Schonbein, the inventor of gun cotton-, and
Dr. J. H. Bird, of Chicago, attribute !?? ** ?
tence of choler A to it Oxonc is "generated by
the pannage of electricity Uuroiigh the air, decomposing
it* water, and i* tho came of the
peculiar odor perceived during the Working of
an clcetric machine, or after a Etroko of light
MMMMaWRWaHHMMMnMNHMMaMMHMinWMMMMMHM
ning." "It ia no peculiar element, nor any com- ]
bination of known elements, but i9 oxygen gas 1
jwculiurly modified." Its presence has been i
heretofore detected in the air during the prova- <
lcnco of other epidemics, varying in quantity i
with the violence of the disease. ]
It has been heretofore held that it was a dc- <
ficiency of electricity, which produced cholera, i
but according to the above supposition, the
moiv) electricity we have, the more otone, and
consequently the more cholera.
Dr. Bird states that sulphur will neutralise
the influence of ozone; and from that has deduced
the principle that sulphur is one of the
best preventives of, and a certain remedy for
cholera. This discovery is attracting great at- '
tention at the North, where this disease cither
prevails, or is likely to prevail. It U eaid that
cholera has never existed near a sulphur spring,
nor in any location where sulphur is abundant.
If this fact bo true, it goe? very far to support
the opinion of Dr. Bird, and as an investigation
could be easily made from tho sections
where the epidemic has prevailed, fcnd this fact
tested, wo trust that such will be had, and that
the great disidcratum of a cure for, and a preventive
of cholera may be given to the public
upon a sure foundation.
It is >.&id tuat all premonitory symptoms of
the diseessc have always yielded to a tingle
dose of three or four grains of sulphur. When
the disease has advanced, this dose must be repeated
every three or four hours. It is recommended
that one part of powdered charcoal
bo mixed with four of sulphur, which will
make the remedy more efficient
MR. CALIIOUNS LETTER.
We publish, in another part of our paper, a
letter from Mr. Calhonnou the subject of Die
Memphis Rail Road Convention, which must
prom interesting to all who feci any anxiety
on the subject of this great national enterprise.
Emenating, as it docs, from the mind of
one so eminently qualified to discuss a project
of puch vi..st magnitude, it cannot fail to elicit
the deepest interest in the considerations of our
fellow citiien.-*, and the public generally. The
penetrating eye of Mr. C. scans rapidly the advantages
resulting to us from the connection of
the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and in the
closing paragraph his superior wisdom singles
out difficulties which to the more superficial
mind would have remained hidden for the 'dark
future.' It were well to pause "until we see
what interest we arc to have in the work."
The Union is a journal long and favorably
known to the Democratic party ns one of the
fitrongept nnd moat powerful of ita advocates,
published at Washington City, and edited by
Thoa. Ritchie of Virginia fante, and in uow conducted
under tlie joint supervision of Ritchie
4 Burke. The latter in reply to certain charges
made against him, concerning abolitionism, by
the Philadelphia American, apeaks out with r
boldness and independence which unequivocally
'definea tho position' of the junior Editor.
In reply he snys:
"When the editor of the Philadelphia
American asserts that the junior euitor
of this paper sympathises with the abolitionist,
or has any connexion with them
whatever, he docs it without a particle of
tact upon which to justy f;uch an assertion.
We do not accuse that paper of
wilful misrepresentation, but we do of a
carelessness of statement which is but
little less culpable. Our whole political
career disprooves the statements and the
insinuations of the American, as can
abundantly be shown if necessary. If
any more such false coinage cornes from
that source, we shall stamp it as it deserves."
WHAT IT COSTS TO GROW A POUND
OF COTTON.
Sir. Solon Robinson, who it i? said, has made
an extensive agricultural tour during tho last
winter, lias published in the National Intolligcncer,
a letter upon the coat of the growth of
a pound of cotton. He rays that the cost of
growing 321,126 pounds of cotton last year,
on one of the best Dlantatioim in
na, wiw (17,804 48, being a fraction over five
cents and four mills a pound, including freight
and commission, as well as interest upon a
fair valuation of property. Tho cost of growing
128,000 pounds of cotton uj>on the cane
brake lands of Alabama last year, was $6,676
80, a fraction over five centa and two mills a
pound, tho iteii)s of freight and commission
not included in tho estimate, lie eives it ?? I
his opinion that when cotton falls below 6 cent*. 1
it does not pay the interest upon the capital
invested except in a few cases. Our farmers
who grow cotton should turn their attention to
this fact, and with but little trouble tliey can j
count the cost, and then can Ull at once at what
price tliey can afford to grow it
REQUEST TO RESIGN.
We publish to-dny tho resolutions passed at <
a meeting of the aittmnt of TVimKi?
" - * v.
Ky., uiWpcciive of party, which call upon the
Leyiwlature of that State, to request the Hon- i
H*nry Clay to resign hU seat in the Senate. '
The doctrines of emancipation advocated by I
Mr. Clay arc declared to be inimical to the 1
interest* of the commonwealth, and in violation
of its constitutional rights. .
It. in rumored that Mr. Underwood, the other
Senator from that State, will be lftwfr to have i
tendered to him a similar reourof
THE WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 1
It in the dcfrirc of tho board of managers of ,
this mo?iutn?t>t, that each State in tlx* Union
uhA'il contribute "A ptoco of marble or grtmito
npon which it* namo U to be placed." Wc ,
re that Dr. TorM*. fh^ Springs |
uw written to know tho dimension*, which the i
ward would like to liavo tho block, intend Lug, (
i# he saye, to make a formal tender of a piccc <
>f marble from a quarry owned by him and his j
family, through the Governor for this lnudablo t
purpose. Wc arc glad to see that Houth Car- ]
alina will bo represented in this national mon- (
mncnt, and hope that Dr. Curtis will find such 1
'a piccc or parcel'' of marble as will answer. I
VOLUNTEERS. (
Proffers of volunteer forces, it is said, have
been made to the Government for the protectection
of tho Itio Grande from Indian depre- }
dations. The ^Secretary of War declined ro- j
c?iving them, nshedid not onticipato nn out- ,
break of such a nature as would require more ^
than the reguW force; but should occasion ,
arise for greater force than the regular*, it will ,
be taken from Texan. j
I'tlmatuke.?A New York Free-soil paper
has hoisted the name of Thomas II. Benton as '
its candidate for President in 1802.
New Flour.?Wc learn from the Columbia
Tnlnfrrnnti flint w, -.,! 1 1- 1 ?
of this year 6 wheat, have boon offered for pale
in that market. The wlu&t was grown in New- ;
berry District.
Ciiolkra in New Yokk.?The number of 1
eases and deaths from cholera in the city of N. 1
York, for the week ending 11th inst., were 212 <
cases, of which 00 proved fatal.
"THE SPARTAK."
"The Spai tan" of last week contains the vhlodictorv
of itn former V.ditnr 7. r> f'nHr/.ll '
w ho nbout five and a hnlfyears ago established
the Press at Spartanburg, and during that period
has devoted his untiring industry and energy
to carrying it on. * In bin retirement we
wish Mr. C, much happincs#.
The Spartan will be conducted hereafter by
Dr. P. M. Wallace, to \vhom\vo wish success in
the undertaking.
HEALTH OF CHARLESTON.
The Charleston Courier announccH tho fact
that the city is now enjoying an unusual degree
of health for the i>eu?i>n of ihe year. The lo-st
weekly hill of mortality Khown the death of
but C white persons. The city is entirely clear
of all filth and decaying matter likely to produce
disease, and no case of cholera has oc
cuiTcd there a? yet.
Mb. Polk.?"Wc regrot to learn that ex
President Polk is dangerously ill of Cholera at
Nashville, Tenn.
iRICIILAND DISTRICT.
The white population of Richland District
in 6,812, of (vlueli number 3,2GG live in the
town of Columbia, and 3,0-17 in the country.
The present census shows an increase of 1,039
since the year eighteen hundred and thirtynine-.
BARNWELL DISTRICT.
The pi csent census shows the nu:nber of
white inhabitants of Barnwell District to bo
12,266,making again 1133 aincc the census of
1839 was taken.
liy Telegraph for the Carolinian.
FRANCE.
The ultra Radical party of France have
returned to the Assembly from two hun- |
drcd and ten to two hundred and forty j
members. In the Assembly, the Gener- j
al Amnesty Bill hod been acted upon, 1
I?* 1? -
??..u n?? jusi uy u majority 01 live votes.
Duke d'Aumale, who is still under sentence
of exile, has been electcd a member
of the Assembly; but it is stated that so
long as his sentence is operative he is ineligible,
and disqualified from taking his
scat.
The new Assembly convened on the
28th Mny. A scene of great excitement
fltlfi nnnfnmAn aaa???.a/I r' 11
w?i*u?ivti wv>uiuu very soon Biior inc
opening of the session. It appears that
the President hnd addressed the Astern- i
bly, and charged certain intrigues against '
Ledru Itollin, and that in consequencc
thereof the Assembly were in aangcr
from the mob. This was esteemed very
inflammatory and rebellious, nnd resulted |
in the resignation of four secretaries, and i
a number of members were on the point j
of withdrawing from the Chamber. The
o i j ? A ?
i (uajuent apologized nnd retracted the offensive
remarks, nnd thus prevented a
general explosion,
HUNGARIAN AFFAIRS.
We have nothing very decisive from I
Hungary. Immense armies of the Rus- .
sians were concentrating and advancing. (
The Hungarians had determined to retire ,
to their fastnesses, where it is unquestionable
their chances of,succcss are much
better than upon the open field. The city
of Buda is said to be m possession of the (
invaders, and it i* reported they indis* ,
erlminately massacred five or six hundred
of the inhabitants. It is also renorteJ
that the city of Fhtmc, situated on tho J
gulf of Quarncro, at the northeast cxtre- ;
mity of tho Adriatin, the only seaport ,
town of Hungary, and a place of great ,
strength, is in possession of the Magyrs. ,
A Russian fleet had made it? appearance,
and the town of Fredeoicia had sur*
rendered to the Russians. Commotions
Rtill prevnil in Germany, but their is nothing
decisive or interesting in the accounts.
HOME. I
ff L - ? ?
a ne iNttipolitan troops have been with- 1
drawn from Womc, nun the Austrirms rc- '
luuiri i/iavtivc i/i Jtaly. The Fjcmh <\y \
ny had not entered Rome, and numtxfrs
)f the troops had manifested evident signs
jf sympathy with the Romans. This disiffection
was increasing among Oudinot's
oldiers, and they wore suffering severely
from exposure to the malaria of the
:ountiy. The mission of the Frcnch Ambassador,
Mons. d'Harcourt, had failed,
md negotiations were at an end.
Tl.~ i"\?: ?- *
iuvj lyjinwn war continues, and without
any prospect of peace.
GREAT BRITAIN.
Tho Canada question seems to create
10 excitement in Parliament. No debate
lias taken pltico 011 the subject since the
sailing of the Europa. There is no hope
;hat the State prisoners, Smith O'Brien
md McMannus, now under sentence of
leatli, will be pardoned. Intense misery
Mid suffering prevail throughout Ireland.
I11 one place the inhabitants were suffering
so much from starvation that they ate
1 corpse cast upon shore.
For tub "KeqWkb CouniEn."
THE FALLS ON FALL CItEEK.
This beautiful cascade is situated 9
miles north of Pickens C. H., and directly
on the road leading from that placc to
Jocassec Valley. Tho stream (Fall
Creek) forming the cascade, though
small, is nnn r?f >v?,w ?
?MV (UV9V UUJUtiUU illU
writer hns ever seen. Rising nnd running
its whole course among high hills
that are covered with forests^of tall trees,
in whose shady recesses tho wild deer
still find shelter from the hunter's pursuit,
and where the cry of the wild cat
and scream of the eagle still may be
heard; you may stand on its banks and
hear at oncc the tinkling of many waterfulls
mingling sweetly with the low and
mournful but musical wail of the winds
through the trees. This beautiful little
river, in approaching the cataract, winds
now through mossy dells murmuring
lovingly to the wood Nymph's song:
and now, rushes through some deep ravinp
nlmffinnr ark/1 ~ - 1
uiiu tuning iia puic ana 1
bright waters, leaping nnd Inughing
along over moss covered rocks, forming,
as if in sport, a thousand charming little
cataracts; and now, widening into a tranquil
bay, lingers to kiss its bright banks,
t:ll like a truant, merry at its own tricks,
it whirls away to the cataract, where it
precipitates its limpid waters, in a mimic
Niagara, over the precipice, falling in
broken lines the perpendicular distance
of one hundred feet; and then again
collccting itself in a iyn*v,n'' por?1 ovo.r
which little crested waves arc always
dancing, slumbers in the soft sun-light.
As you stand at the foot of the falls, the
banks on either hand rise into Almost ??? -
pendicular cliffs?their sides covcred with
laurel and innumerable plants, that clothe
the rocks in waving garlands, and here
flower to God alone. On their summits,
aged trees, with gnarled trunks and
broken limbs, lift their heads to heaven,
and though lightning scathed and tempest
riven, seem like bold men in troubled
times, to court the storms that rend them.
Few scenes will strike the devout wor
nnijipci ui muure so much as tHisjfcLthc
towering cliffs and waving treeSjiHegay
tints of flowers blooming ^ai'ound tho
border of pools an smooth and limpid as
the firmament which thoy reflect; the
failiug waters that seem to have the voice
of a spirit nnd to sing a wild wailing
song, joined to the deep, unbroken solitude
of the woods around, present one
of those chefs <T aeuvre of creation which
God lms scatterred over the earth?lingering
remnants of Eden, to call up, in
the bosoms of His children, those feelings
of deep devotion which such eccncs
Dnly can awakeij. -g> . ,
Angus.
plckknri c. ii., 's>;-0.
Another New Plan&ip?W?!???
tho late English papers that Professor
Schumachcr, of A1 toriK^nnounoef., by a
circular of 11th Mayfnhc discover/ of
another new planet. It was ob?w>rved at
Naples by Signor Gnsparis, on the 12th
April. It resembles a star of the Oth er
10th magnitude, and its position was.near
& star, which appears on Steinheil's celee*
Lial chart in right ascension, i2h. 0m.
40s. and in?7 dea. Om. 9s.. .mrf form
No. 23,006 in Lalande's catalogue. The
motion of the planet was retrograde, and
it was approaching the equator. This is
the ninth new body (including planets
and satellites) which has been added to
the solar system within the last four years.
Memphis Railroad
consequence of the prevalence of Cholera
on the western rivers, the Convention advertised
to be h-.ld on the 4th of July at
1 rhilrnnil t+rvm /*5<
lias been postponed to Ifilfi of October.
Hm is i judicious chimin, and we doubt
not wtlJ {fi'.-r^?c the attendant