|jf . mn SLfflntaStes Matt.
II DEVOTED TO LITERARY, COMMERCIAL, AGRICULTURAL, GENERAL AND LOCAL INTELLIGENCE.
II VOLUME I. LANCASTER, C. If., SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL!, 185? NUMBER 8.
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\i T E R MS:
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riLITKlL.
Ifntk of Won X<. Oil,
Or aOl'TH CAROLINA.
Ofc tht Mutourx Rail Road, delivered in
tfU Awe of Rrjtrrtcn tati res, on the
]?* F+nmry, 1852.
TL. 1 Tl.~ fi-. I ! * '
m ? m wy W?W A IIV IKVi UUSIIICW) IH)*
for* the Homm is a hill granting the right
of way and making a ?>< nation of public
land* to the State of Missouri, to aid in
th? construction of certain railroads there
in. Th? question immediately pending is
the motion to refer the bill to the ConiNtitte*
of th* Whole on the State of the
Union;-upon which question the gentleman
'roan South Carolina [Mr. Orrj is enMUd
to tho floor.
Mr. Orr. I propose submitting a few
MBMffca upon the hill now before the
lata for consideration. I have examined
its provisions with great care and
attention, and have come to Uie conclusion
to eaat my vote for it. 1 shall therefore
proceed to State briefly the reason which
I | . operated upon my mind in lariaging me
to that conclusion. The first question
\ ' that h fWtentad to the investigation ot
) .?' th* Hons* ia this : lias Congress the
i ' watitwiioaal power to make the dona)
tkta contemplated in thw bill t In the
#mteknlbn a the following clause :
* That Congress shall have the power
to dispose of and make all needful rale*
and regulation* respecting the territory,
m other pwpcrty belonging to ;he United
I ?ppo? that the (tower conferred l?y
lUi clauM upon the Congress of the United
State* it a* ample, full, and complete,
at atj other power vested by that in*truMM
in Congress. And the only limitation
to that pow?*r, in tuy opinion is an
wnplitd trust Uiat the Congress, in making
that ditpotition of the public lands, thrill
ditpote of them in such a manner as nwst
edectual to promote the interests of all the
tttataa. Now this bill proposes to carry
out, a* 1 csooeive, tbc constitutional power
retted in the Congress for disposing of
tba pabNc land*. I do not tbink Congress
would have the power to give away all ol
the public lands ; for in that way the Co
vtraateut would not be earn ing out thin
implied truvt. By virtue ot her right as
the proprietor of the public domain, the
Uoftnsmrat hai tin* right to (fire away
, ml h?H of the publ k lands, that the re- I
maining half may be culm need in valve.
la not that a aound principle) h it
a04 a correct principle) 1 do not design
entering into an elaborate constitutional
argument upon this subject ; lait I will
?Mtt BOOM anthoritcs which may satisfy
UM mMi ot gentlemen who doubt upon
Ab point, which are more concise and
fuimtely batter than any arauraent which
I aright make. To them I desire to call
the attention especially of the members
ftuar tha oil States who avm to be prejudiced
against this bill, because, hnootk, it
data not provide for giving lands to the
old State*. The ftrat authority is that of
Crihaea. I need not say, >fr. Speaker,
that that anthority with nie, perhaps has
more aright than the autliority of any
???? fli.i.?. u-i? ? -??i -
. . i ...... ii i ...>M|| in HI ii? *r ii?inar
gMtliiata agree with Mr. Calhoun in
Mi viuunar not, it will beoonceded by ill,
mm m wm at imw strict construction4*
aflteCoaaiitution of the United Sutra,
< and that la wm the last man whotgared
la ppbMa Kfc, wbo would have ban disjsuad
bybis nets to todbr upon the 0?n*
tal flotamot great" powam than
Ml wMeh Mm Constitution plainly gives,
la tMadahtte la IJM6 in Ihe Senate, on
d#WI IB Ate" a donation of public M?
M the State of IMnofe, Mr. Cmlhou- pe(kipsiod,
H? Mid:
Tit question in this case is a very
daaltoM. Weave authorised by the
CeaadtuSnn to diaaoee of the public lands.
Mm li a public improvement, projected
attbar by the Male, or by individuals in
CM State, ibni|ii which H will pan, and
If whiah tha tdIm of th? public land*
wl ha nhaaeid. If than, it will add to
dh aaSna of our landa, oafbt wa not to
Mhholl tall I Would wa not, n inddwh
iM Ml I Tbh ia not a novel
nainupte. U haa been aatad upon hr
Wtt than twenty yaan. T>? caaa of tha
?aal tlMlUlna tha litiooia rivar with
lahn Mhhlfn, b atrihiof una. Thna,
*****
whMhar tha lantb wwwd In tin UaM
o flaht ww Ml diapnwl of nhnatli
r
"Mr. Breeze, (in bis seat.) Thousands
of acres were disposed which would
otherwise never have been sold.
44 Mr. Calhoun. I have seldom given a
vote the result of which gratified tne more
than the vole which I gave on that occasion.
I then presided in that chair which
you now occupy, and gave the canting
vote. I take to myself therefore, some
credit of thnt magnificent improvement.
Indeed, I do think that there is a principle
more perfectly clear from doubt than
this one is. It does not belong to thecatp?ry
of internal improvements at all. It
iv not a power claimed by the Government
as a government. It belongs to the
Government as a laudable proprietor.?
And I will add, that it is not only a right,
but a duly, and an important duty.?
Now, what ha* been considered an equitable
arrangement lietween the Government
and the State which mnv tindert.'ilr..
an improvement pruning through the
public lands? I-ong since, it wiw agreed
that the grant of alternate sections, was a
fair contribution on the part of the Uni
ted States, considered as a proprietor, ai ?d
froin which the United States would be a
very great gainer. It appears to me to
l?e an equitable arrangement; and I doubt
whether, in any case, either of a canal or
a railroad passing through the public land*
the Univd States will not be thegainer.
To that extent Ian prepared to go, bo
the road long or short ; if it l?c long you
gain the more; if it bo short, you gain
the less; and you contribute in proportion
to vour gain."
That is one authority to which I wish
especially o call the ut tent ion of momIs-rs
from the old State*, who are dis|>osed
to raise a constitutional question against
this hill. There is another authority,
which I think will be considered U|?on
this side of the House (I >emocrntic) a
very high one, from which I will read.?
lien. Cmk?, in that debate, in presenting
the reasons why he would supj>ort the hill,
said.
"This bill does not touch the question
of internal improvement at all. It asserts
no right on the part of this Government
to lay out a road, or to regulate the construction
of a road, The Federal government
is a great landholder ; it possesses
an extensive public domain ; and we have
tlie power, under the Constitution, to disjtoM
of that domain; and a very unlimited
power it is. The simple question is,
what disposition we make of the public
hinds f No one will contend that we cannot
give tlieiu away to a Slate. As the
Senator from Kentucky has said, every
President has signed bills asserting the
principle that these lands may be disposed
of b^ the General (government, without
restnetiou as to tlie purpose of such dis?l?*?iUon.
We tn ty boutow them for
school purposes, or we inay liestow a porr
lion for the purpose of improving the value
of the rest. \\ bat right have you to sit
still nnd see your lands growing in value,
through the instrumentality of individuals,
without rendering any furtherance of that
objectf Is it the settlement of tlie lands
that makes them valuable."
General Cass subsequently in the
same debate, in reply to a constitutional
i?sue made by the gentleman from Ala
hama, <Mr. I In^iv,) iii a more |x?int?*?l I
manner. intitilnined tlie constitutional
power of Cosign.ua to dispone of it portion
of the public domain to enhance the velue
of the remaining i*>rti??n, lie aaid:
"I will amwer theJSenator. TheGenernl
Government Inta no power to make
any railroad or ennal through any Suite;
hut the disposal of a portion of the public
domain to mine the value of the nut, in
clearly within the |?ower of thia Government.
I find, Mr. S|?enk?T, in the 16th volume
of the Congrcnnioital (?lol?e, another debate
upon the hill granting alternate nectiona
of the public land* to the State of Michigan,
in which a number <>f S-nntorn parti. ipated.
I tmlieve that at that time Mr, Nile?, of
Connecticut, and Mr. Hagbv, of Alabama,
were the only two Senator* who rained
the Conatitutional question, In that debate
Mr. Calhoun participated and aaid:
**A? far an the Michigan bill waa concenol
simply giving alternate aectiona of
the public bind for the purpoae of enhancing
the value of the remainder. Upon
thia point he would nay that he had not
the slightest doubt that tlie Government
not only had the right an proprietor of the
public domain, to grant portions of the domain
f ?r auch a pur]>oae, but that it wan
the doty of the Government to do ao.
The Government in hin opinion, ought to
bo anliain.il of allowing their laud to be
enhanced in value by the exertions and
at the coat of n State without contributing
ill XamA ftiuflm. la. MaJluu ?l.w '
f Hi thai occasion, Mr. Nile*, in reply
to Uiene obm-maion*, charged Mr. Calhoun
with inconsistency in voting for that hill,
dihI with nn id>i?ndoi:nient of his dodrine*
upon the subject of interna! ifiiprovrfiMiit.
Mr. Calhoun replied to the Senator from
Omeetirut ft* follow*:
"He (Mr. C.) acted now on the principle
on which lie had acted from the Iwginmng
?a principle perfectly clear; and not only
waa it clearly the right of the Government
to make thewo grant*, but he considered
that it waa the duty of the Government to
do no. They did not, in no doing, net in
their sovereign capacity. The question
of internal imprm omenta ?a* not at all
involved, but riniplv that of proprietor*)! ip,
whether, when nnvthinjr waa dona to enhance
the valne of their land* in the vidnitv
of the worlu, they wear not called
en, and bound in food faith a* eon tribute
aemethiuf m the proprietor*."
He raid, farther:
IWrt in thie, aud in all eaten where a
road |tamed through the jmhtie laud*, and
appfteathx) war made when the worthed
hero eoamroced, nnd there waa a rraadn
able probability that the value of the pul>lic
lamia would be enhanced, he w as in
favor of contributing largely, nnd in ho doing
ho abandoned no principle. As far as |
lie could judge of the localities, the canal
would be of va?t importance, The lands
intermediate between the termini would
be greatly increased in value. As to the
railroad, be could not express any ( pinion,
but waa desirous to see it completed, and 1
for that purpose was willing to grant the
desired appropriation, on condition only
that the Government should have the
use of it, when required,for the conveyance
of stores nnd troopa."
It appears that explanation did not
satisfy* Mr. Niles, nnd he expressed the
conviction that there waa no difference at
all Iwtween voting for tho Cumberland I
road nud for giving alternate sections of I
the public landi?, Mr, Calhoun replies;
^"Mr. C. remarked, in reply, that if the j
gentleman could not see a distinction |
l?etween the cane of the Cumberland road !
?n work undertaken by the General j
Government?and the c he iu which the
Government, in its proprietory contributes
to works undertaken by States or individuols,
he (Mr. C,) could only express his i
regret. To him the difference was as
great as that between night and day.
In the one case there was an exercise of
the right of sovereignty, in the other simply
that of ownership."
If I should conclude, Mr. Speaker, to
write out the remarks which I am submitting.
I will prehaps incorporate some other
authorities. At present, I will not trouble
the House by reading any more authorities
with referenee to that {stint. The description
of internal improvements ol jected to,
as I understand, by the Republican or
Democratic party, is that where the
Government appropriates niotiy out of the
Public Treasury for the purposoof building
roads or constructing canals iu certain
localities.
In the first pla??e, it is said, and said
I believe, truly, that Congress has no
right to levy money upon the people of the
W ^ > V..X ..f .v. HIV I'UI J" T*s VI U'lPIIlK"
tinp such works. Tliat power is not
prantod hy the Constitution. Coneedinp
even that the Government po?scssed the
power, one ?>f the str??np objections, and
to my mind an insuperable objection
apainst the exorcise of it, would In* thai
y?>u levy money indiscriminately?all
over the country, upon all of the citizens,
uu?l in uouatruotinp these works of internal :
improvement, you benefit sections only, i
Tlie advantage would la* local mer. lv. j
Certain js?rtions of the country wouM Is* j
favored, and others would uot; and is,
therefor**, best to leave the construction of
these works with the States, who will
take care of their own interests in the pr< mises.
Their citizens will l>e taxed for tlie
construction of those works, and they will
receive the benefit accruing l?y the taxation
for that purpose. Hut does this case
romt" within that principal f 1 thmkonc
pentloman. at thoopeninp of this debate,
intimated that this hill was liable to all
of the objections which had Iss-n urpisl
apainst the Government omVirkinp in
works of internal improvement.?There
is no analopv, sir, at all.
This bill |>rop.wes to donate one half
?>f the public lands within six miles on
either side of the railroad to aid in the
construction of that work. !>??. * this
reduee ihe revenue aeeruinp from the >a!c
of the public lands into the Treasury of
the United States f Not a farthing ; and
why! Because the bill provides that
when you pive away alternate sections, I
thai thoae reserved the Government i
shall he doubled in value; and thus those I
which vou are now trvinir to sell at *1 I
25, lands which would remain, probable,
in market for twenty, thirty, or forty years
at that price, are rawed in value i?2 50.
with the confident assurance founded upon
univernal experience, that those lands will
sell more rapidly at that enhanced price,
than they do now at SI 25 j?er acre. If
this wan a prop a'tioo imply to give the
alternate sections without those remaining
being increased in value?if, in other
words in reducing the revenue of the
Treasury of the United States front the
sale of the public lands?then I admit the
objection of iny friend from Tennessee
(Mr. Jones) would be a valid one.?Hut
that obj-otr<?n does not exist to this bill.
It is a phantom flitting only l?efbre the
imagination of my friend. Hint which has
given rise, I suppose, to it is the fact that
he sees no provision in this bill to extend
lands to the old 8tates.
I think I have demonstrated that nothing
is abstracted from the Treasury by the
grants lor tho construction of these works,
and that ail the resources out of which
and from which the funds am to come
into the Treasury, are tx* reduced. If
this is so, how can it be charged that it
is involving die Government of the United
Rtates in a system of internal improvements;
which has lieen warred against by
tbo Republican or Democratic party
througlxxit all time. My friend from
Tennesee, (Mr. Jones) also in the same
speech intimated that it wa* clearly amiI
tfrnncmt, aa well a* unconstitutional.
What are the facte! Almost every single
one of the preeent heads or what are called
leader* of the Democratic party have supported
bills identical with this bill in
principle,without an exception scarcely.
(concluded next weee.)
Addison has left on record the following
important sentence: Two persons who
have chosen each other ont of all tl^e
wiian with a desiwn to bo sack nrh.-rV
mvtttftl comfort an<i entertainment, JlAVO I
m that action bonnd themvrirea to be
goori-hmn<r*d, affable, forgtvfojr. patient
andjojrfel, with ^ to each other'* I
fnultica and imperfect ion's to the cod of
their Kvea.* *
SELECTEB TALES.
FOLLOWING THE FASHIONS.
BY T. 8. ARTHUR.
" What is thia I" asked llunry Grove of
his sinter Mary, lifting, :w he spoke, n
print from the centre-table.
" A faah ion-plate," wan the quiet reply.
" A fashion plate ? What in the name
of wonder are you doing with a fashion
plate I"
"To nee what the fashions are."
44 An J what then f"
44 To follow them, of course."
44 Mary, is it possible you are no weak 1
I thought better of my sister.'
44 Explain yourwl( Mr. Censor," replied
Mary, with nn arch look, and a manner
perfectly self-posseased.
44 There is nothing I despise so much as
a heartless woman of fashton."
44 Such an individual is, certainly not
much to be admired, Henry. But there
is a vast ditfereuco, you most recollect, Ir.tween
a lady who regards the prevailing
mode of dress, and a hrartle*a woman, be
she attired in the latest style, or in the
costume of the times of good queen Bess,
A fashionably dressed woman need not,
of necessity, be hearth**."
44 O no, of course not; nor did I mean to
say so. But it Is very certain, to my mind
that any one who follows the fashions can
not l>? very sound in the head. And
where there is not much head, it s??ems t
ine there is not a superabundance of heart."
44 Quite a philosopher!"
44 You needn't try to bca^ me off by ridicule.
Mary. I am in earnest."
44 What about I"
*4 In condemning this blind slavery tc
a liion."
44 You follow the fashions."
^ 44 No, Mary, I do not."
44 Y-ur looks very much belie you,
then."
44 Mary!"
"Nonsense! Dont look to grave.?
What I say is true. You follow the fashions
as much as I do."
41 am sure I never examined a plate o!
fashions in my life."
44 if you have not, your tailor has foi
you, many a time."
44 I dont believe n word of it. I don'i
have tny clothes cut in the height of tht
fusliion. They arc m ule plaim pod comfortable.
There is nothing about them that
is put on me ely because it is fashionable.'
4* I beg your pardon, air."
M It is u fact.'
44 Why do vou have your lappel* madt
to roll three huttou-hoMs instead of two
There's father's old coat, made, I don'i
know when, that rolls but two."
44 Because, I suppose it's the fash '
' Ah, exactly! Didn't I get you then
nicely J"
44 No, hut Mary, that's the tailor's busi
ness, not mine."
44 t)f course, you trust to him to m:?k?
your clothes aecoiding to the tashion
while I choose to see if the fashions an
ju-?t such a* suit my stature, shaj*
ami complexion, that I may adopt then
fully, or deviate from them, in a just anr
rational manner. So there is this differ
Hoce lietween us; you follow the fashiom
blindly, and I with judgment and discriin
illation !"
44 Indeed, Mary, you arc too had."
44 Do I sneak anything but the truth!'
44 I should be very sorry, indeed, if you
deductions were true about my following
the fashions so blindly, if indeed at all."
44 But don't you follow them ?"
441 never think about them."
44 If you don't, somehow or other, ym
manage to be always al?out even with tin
prevailing modes. I don't aec any differ
enoe between your dress and that of anj
other young men."
? f A I. C_ * .V- /..L! *?
a uuu i tarr u iij^ tiir inc uuilKm% MT\
ry!" reb>ine<J Ilcnry, speaking with semi
warmth.
44 So vou say."
" Anu so I moan."
" Then why do you wear fash ion abh
clothe* ?"
" I don't wear fashionable clothe*?thai
is?I "
44 Vou have figured silk or cut velvet
buttons on your coat, I believe. Let nu
seel Yes. Now, lasting buttons an
more durable, and 1 remember vety we!
when you wore them. But thev ore oui
of fashion! And here is your collar turn
ed down over your block satin stock
(where, by the by, have all the white era
vats gone, that were a lew years ago m
fashionable?) as smooth as a puritan's!?
I K>nt you remember how much trouble yot
used to have; sometimes, to get your col
lar to stand up just so f Ah, brother, you
rut: in incorrigible follower of the Cash
ions r*
44 But Mary, it is a great deal leas trou
bin to turn the collar over the stock*
M I know it is now that it ia fashionabb
to do so."
44 It is, though, in (act."
44 Really f"
- Yea, 'really."
44 But when it was fashionable to havt
(lie collar at*nunc:, you ware wry willing
to take the trouble.
44 You would not have me effect aingu
laritv, water T
44 Me f No, indeed ! I would have you
continue to follow the fashion* an yon an
now doin r. I would have yon draw Kk?
other people. And there w one othei
thin* that I would like to sea in yen."
44 What is that I"
Mf would like to aee vou willing to allou
me the same privilege."
44 Yon have managed poor ease an ingeniousty,
Mary," her brother now wdd
44 M to have beaten me in argument, tho
I am very Min that I am right, and you
i in error, in regard to the general principle.
I hold it bo morally wrong to follow the
, fashion*. They are unreasonable and arbitrary
in their requirements, and it is a
' species of miserable folly, to be led about
by them. I h ive conversed a j*ood deal with
old aunt Abigail on tho subject, and she
. perfectly agrees with me. Iler opinions
you will Dot of course, treat with inditier'
once!"
44 No, not my aunt's. But for all that,
I do not think that either she or uncle Ab'
salom is perfecly orthodox on all matters."
" I think that they can both prove to
you beyond a doubt that it is a moat egregious
folly to be ever changing with the
fiishions."
, 41 And I think that I can prove to them
that they are not at all uninfluenced by the
fickle coddoss."
" Do so, and I will give up the point.?
Do so, and I will avow myself an advocate
of fashion."
1 " As you aro now in fact. Hut I accept
your challenge, even though the odds
' of age and numbers are against me. Iam
! very much mistaken, indeed, if I cannot
maintain my side of the argument, at least
to my own satisfation."
"You may do that probably ; but certainly
not to ours."
" We will see," was the laughing reply.!
1 It was a few evenings after, that Henry
< I rove and his sister called in to see uncle
' Absalom aunt and Abigail,who were of the
old school, and rather ultra-puritanicle in
' their habits and notions. Mary could not
but feel, as she came into their presence,
' that it would be rowing against wind ami
tide to maintain her point with them?
eonfirnu-d as they were in their own views
of things, and with the. respect due to age
to give weight to their opinions. Nevertheless,
she determined resolutely to main'
tain her own aide of the question, and to
use a'I the weapons, offensive and defensive,
that eame to her hand. She was a
light hearted girl, with a high flow of
' spirits, and a quick and discriminating
mind. All these were in her favor. The
contest was not long delayed, for Flenry,
feeling that he had powerful auxilaries on
his side, was eager toseo his own positions
. triu oph, as he was sure that tiiay must.?
The welcome words that greeted their entrance
li.nl nr?t Innrr Ke..n I>?
, ? tf L1K
asked. turning to Lis aunt,?
44 Wlint do you think I found on Mary's*
L table, the other day, Aunt Abigail f"
! 441 don't know, flenry. What was it f"
44 Von will be surprised to hear,?a fash[
ion plate ! And that is not all. By her
own coufossion, she was studying it in order
to conform to the prevailing style of
dress. Hadn't you a better opinion of
her t"
44 I certainly had," was aunt Abigails
' half smiling, half grave reply.
, 44 Why, what harm is therein following
tho fashions, aunt!" Mary asked.
L> 44 A great deal, my dear. It is following
after tho vanities of this life. The apostle
tolls us not to be conformed to this
world."
' "I know he does ; but what has that to
* do with the fashions! He doesn't say
L> that you shall not wear fashionable gnrL'
ments; at least I never saw the passage."
] " But that is clearly whathc means, Mary."
441 doubt it. Let us hear what he says;
* perhaps that will guide us to a truer mean*
mgf"
44 He says: 44But be yc transformed by
, the renewing of your minds.' That elucidates
and gives force to what goes before.'
44 So I think, clearly, upsetting your po'
sition. The apostle evidently has reference
to a deeper work than mere external
non-conformity in regard to the cut of the
eoat, or the fashion of the dress. Be ye
# not conformed to this world in its selfish
principles and maxims?bo yc not as the
, world, lovers of self more than the lovers
' of < lod?but be ye transformed by the renewing
of your minds. That is the way I
^ understand him."
"Then you understand him wrong, Mary,"
uncle Abaal m spoke np. 44 If he
had meant that, he would have said it in
piain terms."
44 And ho he has, it seems to me. But
t I am not disponed to excuse my adherence
to fashion to any passage that allows of
t two interpretations. I argue fi>r it upon
} rational grounds."
44 Fas)iion and rationality ! The idea is
I absurd, Mary !" said uncle Absalom, with
L warmth. 44 They are autipodea."
44 Not by any means, uncle, nud I think
I can make it plain to vou."
' Uncle Absalom ahoo\ his head, and
. aunt Abigail fidgeted in her chair.
" Y on remember the celebrated John
, Wesley?the founder of that on?v unfash.
ionablc people, the Methodist* !" Mary
, asked.
M O, yen."
44 What you think if I proved to you
> that he was an advocate of fashion upon rational
principle* f*
i 44 Yoo can't do it"
u I can. On one occasion, it i> related
of him, that he called upon a tailor to
make him a coat. " How will yon have
it made f aaked the tailor. 4 ft, make it
* like other people's,' *m the reply. 4 Will
f you have the weevea made in the new fashion
T 41 don't know, what ia it T 'They
have been made very tiflrht, vou know,flnir
some time,' the tailor aaid, 4 but the new
i est fashion w loose utotrtfc' ' l/v*? sleeves
s ah f Well, they will ha a great Heal more
i fort able than these. Make mine loose.*
r What do you think of that, node f Da
yon see no rationality there f
44 Yea, bat Mary." malted annt Abigail,
i "fashion and comfort hardly ever go together."
" There you aw mistaken, annt Moat
, faehsmable drees makers aim at producing
' garments comfaitaMe to the wearew; and
i fashions which aw most oomfortnble, aw
most readily adopted by the largest num- are as much the velaria* of their peculiar
bcrs." modes as we are of ours. The only dif"
You certainly do not pretend to say ference is, that, as our states of mind
Mary," Henrv interposed, " thr\ all chan- change more rapidly, there is a correspong??
in fashions are improvements in com- ding and more rapid change in our faahfort
1" ions. You change as well as we do?
"O no, certainly not. Many, nay,most but slower"
of the changes are unimportant in that rc- * ***?*
sped." How could you talk to uncle Absalom
" An<l are the inventions and whims of and aunt Abigail as you did {" said Hcnfashion
makers," added aunt Abigail with ry Grove to his sister, as they walked
warmth. slowly home together.
" No doubt of it," Mary readily admit- "Didn't I make out my point ? Didn't
ted. I prove that they too were votaries of
44 And arc you such a weak, foolish, the fickle goddeml"
girl, as to adopt, eagerly, every trifling va- " I think you did, in a measure."
riation in fashion ?" continued aunt Abi- "And in a g?x>d measure too. So giva
gail. up your point, as you promised, an ! con"
No, not eagerly, aunt." fc*? yourself an advocate of fashion."
44 But at all 1" 441 don't ace clearly how I can do that,
441 adopt a groat many, certainly, for notwitatanding all that has past to-night;
no other reason than because they are for I do not rationally perceive the use of
fashionable." all these changes in dress."
44 For hnine, Mar}-to make such an ad- "I am not certain that I can enlighten
mission ! I really thought better of you." you fully on the subject; but think that I
44 But don't you follow the fashions, may, perhaps in a degree, if you will alaunt
?" low my views the proper weight on your
44 Why Mary !" exclaimed both uncle mind.
Absalom and iicr brother, at once. "I will try to do so; but shall not pro44
Mc follow the fashions, Mary !" broke miso to be convinced."
in aunt Abigail, as soon as she could re- "No matter. Convinced or not concover
her breath, for the question struck vinced, you will still be carried along by
her almost speechless. 44 Me follow the the current. As to the primary cause of
fashions! Why, what can th girl mean?" the change in fashion, it strikes me that
441 asked the qu?*stion," said Mary.? it is one of the visible effects of that process
44 And if you can't answer it, I can." of change ever going on in the human
" And how will you answer it, pray !" mind. The fashion of dress that prevuils
44 In the allirinative of course." may not be the true exponent of the inter44
You are trillinir. notv \f.irv M uirl >, r? - n*l nnH invinlila atntoa ?!?> . m?.?
n, ..y ?- j y ? * ??? .? ? MV.V WV* WIXJJ lUURfc
olc Absalom gravely. necesaarily be modified in various ways
" IikIo.m] I am not, uncle. I can prove by the interests and false tastes of such
to her satisfaction and yours too, that aunt individuals as promulgate them. Still,
Abigail i? almost as much a follower of this does not effect the primary cause."
the fiishions as I am." 41 Granting your position to be true,
41 For shame, child !" Mary, which I am not fully prepared to
4* I can though, uncle: so prepare your- admit or deny?why should we blindly
self to be convinced. Did you never sec follow these fashions?"
aunt wear a different shaped cap from the "Wo need not blindly. For my part,
one she now has on !" I am sure that I do not blindly follow
44 O y?*s, I suppose so. I don't take them."
much notice of such things. Hut I bo- "You do, when you adopt a faah:.on
lievc she has changed tho pattern of her without thinking it becoming."
cap a good manv times." "That I never do."
4 And what if I have, pray!' asked aunt "But surely, you do not pretend to say
Abigail, fidgeting uneasily. that all fashions arc becoming?"
44 O nothing, only that in doing so, you 44 All that prevail to any extent, appear
were follow ng some new fashion," replied so, during tho time of their prevalence,
Mary. unless they involve an improper exposure
" It Is no such thing f" said aunt Abi- of the person, or are injurious to health."
gail. " That is singular."
44 I can provo it." 44 But is it not trnc ?"
"You can't." " Ferhaps it is. But how do you ac44
Yes I can, and I will. Don't you re- count for it ?"
member when tho high crowns were " On the principal that there are both
?win ; external ana internal cause* at work mo"
Of course I do." dvfying the mind's perceptions of the ap"And
you wok them, of course." propriate and the Wautiful
44 Well, suppose I did ?" "Mostly external, I should think, such
44 And then caine the close, low-crown- as a dcwirn to be in the fashion, etc."
cd cap. I remember the very time yon 4'That feeling has its influence no doubt,
adopted that fashion, and thought it so and operates very strongly."
much more becoming than the great tow- -'Hut is it a right feeling i"
cr of lace on the hack part of the head." 4,I* i? right or wrong according to the
44 And so it was.' end in view. If fashion be followed from
44 llut why didn't you think so before," ^ higher view than a selfish love of being
asked Mary, looking archly into the face admired, then the feeling it? wrong."
of her aunt. 44Can we follow fashion with any other
44 Why?because?because?" end f"
4,0, I can tell you, ?<? you needn't 44 Answer the question yourself. You
search all over the world for a reason.? follow the fashions."
It was because the high crowns were fash- th;nk but littlc about them, Mar). ?
tenable. Uune out plain and aboveboard ..And yet you dress very much like
ftn^a-r?; lf . . people who do."
44 Indeed, and I won t say any such r L, , . T?,
? 33 "That may be so. The reason a, I do
44 Then what was the reason !" no^Jh |,? ^ sin^lar-"
44Every liody wore them, and their un- Why.
sightly appearance had not been made '"For this reason. A man who affects
anonri'lit tiv rontpnst " inv sinfrularitv of ilrrs* or mnnnw* lnsra
' "Exactly ! They were fashionable. hj* true jnfluwee in society. People billot
when a new fashion laughed them out K1? *? think ~*t there must be within, a
of countenance, ynu cast tliem aside, as I nuli<^ truly balanced, and therefore do
do an old fashion for a new one. Then not suff?r ?? <>P'niona, *?? matter how
came the quilled bonder all around. Do iOUI*1 to havc tbeir own true weight-"
you remember that chance! And how, in "A ve7 ?*?*8 and just argument
a little while after, the plain piece of lace why we should adopt preva.hng usages
over your forehead disappeared! Why and Unions, if not immortal or injurious
was that, aunt Abigail I Waa there no to huAltJ?- Th<7 the badge? by which
regard :or fashion there! And now, at are known as one of the social masa
this very time your cap is one that exhibits around us?diploma* which givo to our
th? latest and neatest style for old ladies, ?Pin,OT1* their legitimate value. I could
caps. I could go on and prove to your P?*?nt thl* ? I?any "tbcT P?ints
aatisfaction, or at least to my own, 'that ? mw- lu> * would be of little avail,
you have followed the fashion almost as . you ,are determined not to be consteadily
as I have. But 1 have sufficiently v,nced. ,
made out my case. Don't you think so, "I am not so determined, Mary. What
Henry !" you have already said, gTCatly modifies
Thus appealed to, her brother, who my ?f the ***>]"* 1 ?ball at least,
had been surprised at the turn the conrer- ridicule your adherence to fashion, if I
action had taken, not expecting to see do 001 *??? much thought to it myself"
Mary carry the war home so directly a* "I will present one more view. Aright
she had done, hardly knew how to reply, attention to dress looks to the developcHe,
however, gave a reluctant, ment of that which is appropriate and
"Yes."* beautiful to the eye. Thia is a universal
"But there is some sense in youi annt't benefit. For no ono can look upon a
adoption of fashion," said uncle Absalom, truly beaulifcl otyect in nature or art,
"Tlioueh not much, it would seem, in without having his mind oorresgnndipglv
your*, if vou estimate fashion by use," re- elevated and unpreseod with beantifbl untortod
Mary. wages, and these do not paw away like I
MWhnt docs the girl mcan.'"aaked aunt "pectrums, but rw* ever afUr naoro or j
Abigail in surprise. lew distinct, bcerrogwith them an eleva"Of
what i*a, undo, are thona two ^ "T?* *? "M" ch,ra?tar.
button, on the book of your aoaU" ^ "LI"' " ?*
- I am ,uro I don't know - <** ? "? ^MUtu\, fc"m' mgT~
Thon why do you wear thorn if you "w
don't know their aw, unlom it bo that of colore, are th. dwte, of |W
you wi,h to ho in tho frohon t Than thora *"? *?> ") for do tb?y tend to NSefo
are two more nt the l?ottom of the akirt, 90Ciety*
half hid, half seen, an if tliey were ashamed " kshion is not always so directed
to be (bund so much out of their place, ty tnw .. j
Then, can you enlighten me as to the use A just remark. And likewise a rraari^
of these two imm<m rJt rlrrfh here, nailed. I whv all whr? Viavn ? iwrki annnaM?Adf
believe, flap* r of the truly beautifbi, should give ?om4|
"To give strength to that part of the ?ttent?on to the prevailing fashion hi drew,
coat, I runtime." aad endeavor to correct errors, and davel-.
"Aiul yet it in only a year or two since ?P* the true and beautiful here aa in othit
waa the fashion to have no flaps at all. brandies of art
I do not remember ever to have seen, a i m ?
coat torn there, do von? It no use, uncle *Mrt Brown, why do you wear that
?you might aa well be oat of the world y. . r ? Mti r ^
aa out of the fashion. Aad old people _ 1' MlV?'
fuel this os well a* the young. They have wil not ge out with mt> until I gets new
their fashion*, and tvc nave our*, and they one.*