% * * * ^ ^ ' \ ran ' '-"/ I m 40 , '. Jl " ' ** \ ' " 1=^=-=;=-=* - * i n ml. BY F. M. TRIMMIER. Demoted to Education, Agricultural, Manufacturing and Mechanical Arte. $2.00 IN ADVANCE VOL XXIII. SPARTANBURG, S.C., THURSDAY, ^IJGUST 2, 1 866. NO. 87 T H E I 8 P U B L I 8 II E D IVSEr THURSDAY MORNING AT Two Dollars (Specie) In Advance, ^ m fc, RATES OF ADVERTISING. Ono Square, First Insertion, ?1; Subsequen Insertions, 75 cents, in Specie. PW!"BBg ... [From theChnrleston News.] Cincinnati and Char lc*ton Rail >na<1 vl? l'il In view of the great interest which i now being taken in having a communics iion by railroad between the North wo.and tho Atlantic seaboard, and on nccoun of the urgent claims advanced by tli friends of rival routes, we would respectfully suggest to the fricuds of the variou routes, and especially to the citizens o p Cincinnati, Kentucky, Tennessee, Xortl and South Carolina, that a Convention b called, composed of delegates from Cincin uati and the States named. The Conven tiou to meet this summer or fall, at soun convenient plnce?say Morristown, Knoxville or Asheville?to consider the merit of the various routes proposed ; dccidi thereon, and see what may be done in tin premises. Let Cincinnati name the pluc< and time. II it bo thought expedient, a corps o engineers, in the meantime might make : rcconuoisance of tho different routes, or ar examination of the surveys th ercof, whicl have already been made, so as to report ti the proposed convention. It is of the greatest importance to tlu whole country, and especially to those whi may bo interested as stockholders that tlu contemplated railway should have the besl possible location, the most direct route, tile cheapest line, and should pass through s nonntrv n.innliln no nrmluoimr t)i.? nrixitnol j ~ t?; i' 1 l;~ o" amount ot business. Other thing9 being 4 equal, any unprejudiced mind would be in favor of such a proposition as sell"evident Directness of route is now the leading; idea I with Kug.ish railway builders, and t;^ gic... importance is now being rtcognized by out own people. These advantages we claim for the route extending from Cincinnati to Charleston, S. O., via Cumberland Cap, Morristown Tenn., l'aint ltock, Ashevillc, N.C., Spar taburg and Columbia, S. 0 , which we sub ' mit, have been lully proved, are uuauswer cd and unanswerable, by the able report o Dr. M- Carriger, Secretary and Treasuroi of Cincinnati, Cumberland Cap ant Charleston Railroad, lately published it the Cincinnati Cummrrcinl. The only argument against this ropon which wo have seen, used by the lion Geo. A. Trcnholtn before the Charlcstoi Board of Trade, at which lie is represented r to have said : "Now, as regards the Spartanburg extension, they have not got a charter to enter the State ol Virginia, and they cannot reach Cumberland Gap, which is in Virginia, without one; and it is oui of reason to suppose that in the prcseni f condition of the public mind?it is contra ry to any reasonable conjecture, that Vir gia will grant a charter for a railroad whic! is to tap her whole system of 1 cal am State roads, and is calculated to divert hoi commerce to another State. It is trui li o i* o n r?li!irtnr 4 rr? in tliA .Sktut a luc ' | Hidgc Koad completed to Anderson, what ^ j guarantee is there that the Savannah Yult i Icy Railroad, or the road to Port Royal. | I will nut be built, thus diveiling the road j and business front the centre of the State, ' ! and adding immensely to the cost of this | 6X?~?Ui*AArt.* V.'M. .. | completed to Ashcvillc, the great products of the West would seek the shortest route to a seaport, which is Chailestou, S. C.< where, in the language of Mr. Memminger, 1 "there is tin emt.netitinn !<<-< mnvl-nt ? ' clear, and (he proximity of the sea, and of j the West Indies particularly, furnishes an open door to the produce which will come here for sale or shipment." It would thus pass through different parallels of latitude, j and bring products to be exchanged lor those of a different kind. The Legislature of South Carolina, in 1835, appointed the lamented Uayne, | A brain lilauding, Governor Koble, and * i others, commissioners "to cause cxaminaj tions, surveys, and estimates to be made for a railroad between Charleston and Cineiu nati " They applied to the then Secretary I J ol War and obtained the services ol a dis tinguished curj > of United States Topo^ graphical Engineers The engineers re ^ ported to the convention which met at Knoxvillc, Tennessee. .July 4, lsdti, com posed of 880 delegates from nine different States, to wit: Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, I .Tennessee, \ irginia, Alabama, North t' rolina, South Carolina and Georgia. The P - committee to prepare business, say, in re j. lation to this report, that it is found to le |. entitled to entire confidtmeo, as well on account of the able manner in which it lias j been drawn up, as the skill and accuracy of the engineers who have assisted in making the surveys. "From this report it will appear that , within the chartered limits of the compa, nv there is no in act i cable nass tlironoh the Aliouhnny Mountains, but th valley of ; | tlie French Broad lliver; and, most 1'or. | tunatcly lor tho undertaking, the general J. direction of this river within the mountain region coincides with a straight line, drawn Irotu Charleston to the branching t point in Kentucky; and what recommends it more strongly lor adoption, is the fact t that its head waters rise in a level plain, , which begins at the summit of the Blue , Ilidge and stretches to the northwest in an open valley without any descent, percepti I hie to the eye, for 30 miles, to a short dis, ! tancc below Ashevillc, in North Carolina, s ! and for the next <10 miles, it has a very j ! regular descent to the point where it issues ; from the mountains; which descent ir? the . j whole distance averages only 13 feet to the , > mile, and in only one mile is there a de r I scent of 45 l'ect. This committee have no hesitation, therefore, in declaring tliut litis 1 must bo udopted as a purt of the line of . our road, and that it is pcrlcctly practi. cable." "This report was "unanimously agreed - to by the whole Convention, and ordered i j to be published to the world in their name s j and behalf." At a subsequent meeting, 1 { the stockholders cuino unanimously to the 1 { conclusion, after patient investigation, that i I the passage of tho Blue Ridge at the Butt ?I Mountain Osp, via the French B-oad ! River, "was decidedly superior to every ! other to be found within the limits of their , charter, or indeed in the whole extent of the mountain ranges dividitfl^thc Atlantic from the Western States." McNeil and Williams, distinguisiicd topographical engineers, who "were almost continually occupied during an entire pe riod of four years'" in surveying this mountain region, decided in favor of its superi ority over all others. (governor Unync, in his address before the Knoxvillc Convention, says: Now we ' would ask whether the m.rc ristence cf 1 surh a passage through the mountains, in the general direction of a line drawn from Charleston through the centro of South Cni-Illinn null ......-1.. ? ' * , ?..? itauu.- uuai tj in u suui^ni course across an interesting and valuanlo portion of North Carolina, and through the very centre of Fast Tennessee to Losing ton, and from thence to the Ohio River, does not mark out, as with thet unerring hand ot nature, this as the irrcat channel of communication between the South and the West." There i* a difference in dis tance of 91 miles in lavor of the "Spartanburg extension" via French Broad and Cumberland (Jap to Cincinnati over the . Blue ltulge route via Knoxville. The difference in cost is proportionately greater, and according to the report of J)r. M. Carriger it is shown that the cost of the Blue Ridge and Knnxville and Kentucky Roads to more, or over double the cost of the Cincinnati, Cumberland Cap and (diarieston, and the Greenville and the French Broad Railroads, extending from Cumberland Gap to Spartanburg C. II. The total amount of unfinished road is greater on the former than the latter by forty six miles. With such superior advantages in favor of the French Broad route, the inquiry very naturally occurs to every one, how the Blue Ridge road obtained such prominence. "In 1852 there was a vexatious I controversy between the South Carolina ! Railroad Company and the City Council of Augusta, Georgia, about the right of the former to establish a depot -within the corporate limits ot the latter." it was su^g -sted to build a railroad "tout Ander i __ !> . . i. A ?. supjq,used unjust discriininati. il-. .'.u engineer was appointed, who it ade a recoil nois-inco of the route. In his icp.irt h<>ays : ' 'i'he distance of the new roa 1 i ro jcetcd will be about one hundred and fifty miles?forty-eight miles lying in South Carolina, twenty-five miles in Georgia, fiftv mi Irs in North Carolina, anil twenty seven ' miles in Tennessee. These distances may t not be exactly apportioned, the total, how ever, can he relied on. I have no hesitation in estimating that $1,750,000 will j build this road in a permanent furm, with a rail weighing not less than titty five pounds per yard ; but it will be entirely ' safe to assume $2,000,000." With this estimate, the city of Charleston entered heartily into the enterprise, and subscribed a million of dollars. Kx traordinaiT influences were bmn.-ht to bear upon ihe Legislature, and ?Ti.* State was committed to the enterprise in the amount of several millions. When wc consider the great exertions ; which have been made to induce corporations and States to subscribe, and the magnitude of the enterpsise, we arc surprised at the comparatively small amount of in-livid ! ual subscriptions. According to the report of the President of the Blue Kidge Railroad, made to the j Legislature of South Carolina in 1>0H, the i amount subscribed by individuals is $278,700.00 Contracts for work done . . 177,200.00 i o'ni length oi roatt constructed >-> miles, and total cost of road. . . $2,02 4.110.00 1 According to the report of Major K. ('. Met'alia, Chief Knginr.or of ( i ciinia i, Cumberland Cap and Charleston Railroad, made August, 1SG0, the entire eo*t ol the road, exclusive of et|uipinoi t, from Spar- J : tanburg C 11., S. to Morristown, on . the Fast Tennessee and Virginia Railroad, j a distance ol 11?1 miles, is $2,7.'>r>,OltO.Ul, and from Spartanburg O. II. to I'aint , Rock, a distance of 117 miles, 82,2111,102. j 04. The State having already spent two . millions and a half of dollars on the lllue : Ridgo lload, decided not to assist the ! French llroad Road, but to "husband her resources." The Committee on Railroads 1 (not a corps of engineers) reported that ' , "the estimates ol the French Rroad Rail i road, through the mountains, are so much j under the cost of all other railroads over j the same range of mountains, that your Committee cannot regard them as altogeth- ' cr nccuratc, and believe that, should the , work ever be completed, they will fall far short ot the cost." Yet this samo range ' of mountains can ho passed by this lin? ot road without u single tunnel. A committee of fifteen gentlemen of am- i pie means had already agreed, in writing, , to build the road from Spartanburg 0. 11. to Ashevillc, N. C. entiro, at the estimates niado by Major MoCalla, and according to ' the plans and specifications of the cornpa ny's engineer, nnd take one-eighth of tho amount in the stock of the company, and three-eighths in well secured bonds, and one-halt in cash. They also proposed to build that part north ol Ashcville to Paint ltoek upon the same terms. Two of this committee, with one other gentleman, were subsequently awarded the contract to build the road from Morristown, Tonn., to Paint ltoek, 441 miles. They took the entire road ut the estimates of Major McCalla, gave bond and security, and with a force ot 400 hands were pngrcssing satisfaetori ly to ail parties, when they were toroed to quit by the events of the luto war. We would be sorry, and would not in tentionally do the ltlue Ridge Road any inineflrt" W-- ??'J * 1 ii u wuuiu ue glad to see each road built; for we think there would bo burincss sufficient to sustain both. Yet we xuust do justice to our own route, and if "the comparison should seetn invidious," the fault is not ours, but of natural causes. In conclusion, we contend that we have on uninterrupted chartered line from Spartan burg (J. li. to Cincinnati; that lrom Cincinnati via this route to Charleston, S. 0 , is nearer by many uiiles than by any other route to the same seaport, or to any other seaport; that it is cheaper by several millions; that it passes the whole way through a country capable of affording much business, and right on the banks of u river (the Trench Bread), just between the provision and cotton growing regions, which can afford power sufficient to do all the manulacturinsr rcquircd|by the contiguous States. Wc believe that nature has marked out this route ns the way in which the South and the great Northwest are to be brought together in social and business intercourse. The way is so plain that, 9ooner or later, capitalists will take hold of it and carry it to a suecesslul completion and a prosperous future. It is for this generation to decide whether we are to iuld our hands aud lose the goldcu lruits, or move forward and build up an enterprise which will not only bo ? blessing tc us but to future gOueT?? lions. "FRENCH BROAD." i ? i Utiles Tar Se?ie?iaiy Pcupie. II. T. Tuckerman, in one of his essays, *>- ^ > u>, t.. it,; ? ,1 y._ uionui, in the course of which Tuckcrman spoke of the difficulty of combining mental toil with health. To this Sismondi said : There is vast error on this subject. Be assured that we wore intended for intel leetual labor, and that there is a way of making it subservient to health. I will toll you a few rules founded on experience: Vary the kind of work?let it he research one hour, meditation another; collation today, and revision to morrow. Do this on sy-tenj : give the first part of the day to the hardest study, the afternoon to exercise, and the evening to social intercourse; let the mind be tusked when the brain is most vigorous, that is, after sleep; and woo the latter blessing not in the feverish hours of thought and emotion, but after the "ontle exercise of the mind which cntiics from passtinie and friendliness. lie considered occasional travel and prudent habits the best hygiene for a man of sedentary pursuits; and the great secret, both ol health and successful industry, tlu> absolute yielding up of one's conscious noss to the business and diversion of the hour, never permitting the one to infringe in the least degree upon the other. ? fcw Family Prayer.?Robert llall, hearing souie worldly-minded persona object to family prayer as taking up too much time, said that what might seem a loss will be more than compensated by that spirit ?>f order and regularity which the stated observance of this duty tends to produce. It serves as an edge and border, to preserve the web of Hie from unraveling. "The curse of the Ford is in the house of the wicked; but lie blcsscth the habitation of the just." ^1 ? Gen. John li Maorudf.r.?This gentleman is the editor of the Mexican Times, the American journal started in the city of .Mexico by the late ex-Governor Allen. To every American desirous of being posted on Mexican affairs, the Times will be a valuable paper. Its terms are one dollar per month, or ten dollars per year, in ad vance. Leisure.?Employ thy time well if thou meanest to gain leisure; and since thou art not sure of a minute, throw not away an hour. Leisure is timo lor doing something useful : this leisure tho diligent will obtain, but the lazy man never; lor a life ol leisure and a life of laziness are two things?Franklin. A missionary asked an Indiac, "IIow do you know there is a God?' Pointing to footsteps in the sand, the savage answered, "llow do you know that mou havo been here?' Jjjm KImi. [We publish by request the following emend* ed copy of the ode written by Mr. Timkob for tho lute ccremouiul coronation of the Confederate graves at Magnolia.] Sleep sweetly hi your humble graves, Sleep martyrs of a fallen cause I? Though yet no marble column Craves The pilgrim here to pause. In 3ecds of laurels in tho earth, The garlands of your fame are sown ; And, somewhere, waiting for its birth, The shaft is in tho stone. Meanwhile, your sisters lor the years Which hold in trust your storied tombs. Bring all they now can give you?tears, And theso memorial blooms. Small tributes, but your shades will smile As proudly on those wreaths to-day. As when some cannon-moulded pile Shall overlook this Bay. Stoop angels hither froui the skies i There is no holier epot of ground. Than where defeated valor lies Uy mourning beauty crowned. The Difference for Sambo.?Mr. OHphant, an Englishman, who has written some true and many amusing things about the events of our civil war, shows tho nature of the change wrought in thcoondition of the negro, by the following anecdote : "I invariably asked every negro I conversed with, whether he thought himself better or worse off than formerly, and as invariably received for answer, that he was in some respects better, and in some worse. One fellow on board a steamer illustrated tho difference thus : "If, when I was slave, I had tumbled overboard, the boat would have been stopped, I should have been picked up and put by the fire to dry, because 1 was properly, aud then given a hundred lashes for falling overboard. But now, if I fall overboard, 'Oh, it's only m cur.-cd nigger, go ahead,' and I should never be picked up at all. In a word, tho negro used to be a dog with a master, now he is a dog without cue." Important ip True.?Tho editor of the American Uuiuu, published at Sheiby! viile, Tcnnossoe, ha9 been shown the modrr' " ?l lu! r.r: -*>*1 * ? collisions and other accidents on railroads. Tho advantages of the invention are thus given by the Union : ' From its simplicity, T7o feel confident thai when once adopted, it will becomo a general thing, as it will do away with all other kinds of signals, as by this invention any official on the road can stop any train, when desired, at any distance. Ho can shut off tho steam of a running engine at u distance of five miles as well aa if ho were on the engine. At the same time, the conductor of any train may bo stopped on any part of the road, can prevent any other train from coming nearer than onehalf mile, by stopping the approaching engine." j The Secret.?"I noticed," said Frank* lin, "n mechanic, among a number of others at work on a house erecting, but a little way from rny office, who always appeared to he in a merry humor, who had a kind word and a cheerful smile for every oue he met. Let the day bo ever so cold, gloomy or sunless, a happy smilo danced like a sunbeam on his cheerful countenance. Meeting him one morning I asked him to tell me the secret of his constant and hap* py flow of spirits." "So secret, doctor," he replied. "I have got one of tho best wires, and when I go to work she always has a kind word of encouragement for mc, and when I go home hlio meets nn> witli ? cmiU ?? ! ? J .. ...VM . UIMMU uuu U f ttUU then the tea is sure to be ready, and she has done so in any little things through tho day to please inc, that I cannot find it in my heart to speak nn unkind word to any. body." A disloyal paper down in Louisiana, tno having the fear ot Sumner's scrap* book before it, and not standing in awe of Thad. Steven's "penitentiary of hell'* perpetrates the following: A Topekn, Kansas, paper nominates Charles Sumner for President, and ThacL deus Stevens for Vice President. Why not put a few millions tons of nitroglycerine under the country and be dene with* it? The little tax of ono por cent, upon every box cf matches, netted the government 81,500,000 l ist year. According to that estimate, 150,000,000 bunches or boxes of matches must havo been used in this oountry during tho year, or five bunchee 1 equal to five hundred matches-?-for every man, woman and child. Blushing.?Blushing is said to be ft sign that something of tho angel is loft, in \ woman, beautiful to the eye and bespeaking the inward purity of the heart. When a woman ocases to blush, she has lost bar greatest charm.