- . r
T
68TH YEAR. NO. 75. SE
FARMERS HURT BY
AMERICAN POTASH
Such is Declaration of Dr. A. C.
Summers, Who is Inves
tigaiiug.
%
HIT DARLINGTON COUNTY
"I Found a Calamitous Condition
in a Large Section/' Dr. Summers
Says?Loss Many Thousands.
"I found a calamitous condition in
a large section of Darlington county
which I visited," says Dr. A. C. Summers
upon his return from a trip o(
inspection , which he made as state
chemist at the request of Commissioner
Harris. It had been reported
to the state department of agriculture
that a large number of farmers
In Darlington county had suffered because
of the purchase and use of the
socalled American potash, and the department
was urged by Bright Williamson
to make some investigation.
Mr. Williamson, who is a bankei
and plants extensively himself, and
made a preliminary investigation to
see if there were any cause for so
manv different fields of tobacco and
cotton dying and withering. In his
letter informing the department, Mr,
Williamson said, "The result of the
use of domestic potash on tobacco
and cotton showing up now Is most
alarming. Where 75 pounds per acre
of K20 was used on tobacco there is
practically none, and the effect is serious
on cotton. Where 4 0 to 50 pounds
of K20 was used there is generally
about one-half stand of tobacco
Where smaller quantities of K20 were
used, the effect Is not noticeable."
Dr. Summers state that Mr. Wllliamon
presented the matter conservatively.
The loss in Darlington
- county alone will run up into the hundreds
of thousands. Other counties in
the state have not reported and they
may not be affected as seriously, bul
In Darlington, through the activity ol
J. M. Napier and Mr. Williamson, an
effort has been made to locate all of
the fields affected. There have been
individual cases reported from other
counties.
Dr. Summers endorsed the statement
of Mr. Williamson that "the evidence
of the poisonous and disastrous
results of the use of potash is positive,
overwhelming and spectacular."
It can not be alleged that the widespread
destruction of plant life is due
to too much moisture, for by a process
of elimination it was shown that
one part of a field where the potash
had been spread has suffered greatly
while in another part where German
kainit or oflier forms of potash were
used the plant life was healthy and
t hn u mmint nf mnoif m-n t* tKn
lire community was the same.
"I never witnessed surh ruin in the
fields from causes other than the most
detruotive hail storms." said Dr. Summers.
"One farmer had lost all of
his tobacco plantinK on ono piece of
land and he then plowed it and planted
cotton. The cotton germinated
and grew very well until the roots
came in contact with the potash in the
soil "and then the pladts died. This
farmer is trying cowpeas to see if that
crop will produce.
"I think that the poigon will be
eradicated from the soil in the course
of a year. I observed that where
there had been heavy rains since tho
putting down of the potash that the
poison seemed to have leeched out to
some extent. We are making experiments
in our laboratories and will
know by Monday more of the chemi
cal nature of this American potash.
"At a meeting of the eotton farmer*
in New Orleans about two month*
ago an effort wax made to get the
government not to put a heavy tariff
)hpon German potash. Thla effort waa
killed hy the ngeney of the men interested
in American potash. A meeting
of Southern commissioners of
agriculture will he held In Washington
at an early date to protest against
a heavy duty upon German potash.
Our farmers must have potash, and If
the domestic hrand Is poison to the
soil wo must find a corrective or be
permitte'd to buy the German potash
(which we can not do at the prohibitive
prices proposed.)'*
Dr. Summers declared that the appearance
of some of the fields Jn
Darlington county was reully pitiful
HE La
MI-WEEKLY.
SOME,DEALERS NOT IN
NEED OF FLOUR L1CENS1
Four Classes of Deulers or Users Wi
Not lie Required to Obtain
Licenses.
Washington, July 14. ?* Foil
classes of dealers or users of whea
flour will not be reuired for the pret
ent to obtain licenses from the Unite
States wheat director under reguls
tions issued by the license division o
the director's office. These classc
wero defined as follows:
Hotels and other establishment!
' serving food for consumption on th
premises, who manufacture bread c
other bakery products exclusively fc
such consumption, whether or not ui
1 ing more than 50 barrels of flour pe
month.
Dealers in damaged wheat unfit fo
human consumption.
1 Dealers selling wheat or whea
flour to purchasers for use and cor
sumption exclusively on ships owner
operated or controlled by such pui
chasers.
Manufacturers of alimentary past
who neither sell, manufacture no
store wheat and wheat flour.
\
Iloth manufacturers and distribv
tors of pancake and other mixed o
specially prepared flours, howeve
1 are required to obtain a license froi
> the wheat director if Such pancake c
other specially prepared or mixe
1 flour contains a substantial amoun
i for example, 10 per cent or more, t
wheat. Dealers in wheat for seed pui
' poses are also required to obtain
1 license regardless of the amount c
seed wheat handled or of the class t
whom the seed wlieat is sold.
FIERCE ATTACK MADE
ON JOHN S. WILLIAM
Counsel for Riggs Rank I>ocl?r<
Comptroller of Currency Is
Adept at Falsification.
Washington, July 14.?Renewin
his attack upon the fitness of Joh
Skelton Williams to succeed himse
as comptroller of currency, Frank ,
Hogan. of counsel for the Riggs Ni
tiooi bank, of Washington, asserte
before the senate banking and cu:
rency committee that Mr. Wlllian.
was "an adept In the most dangerou
form of falsification, the telling <
half truths."
Hogan sai& he would show that th
comptroller had carried his personi
, animosity against officials of the han
to the extent of issuing an officii
statement charging them with havin
borrowed more than $5,000,000 of il
funds for their personal use during
period of 18 years. The fact tha
this total was reached by adding u
renewed notes, he said, was carried i
the comptroller's statement only i
an "inconspicuous" admission tha
some items might have been renew
ajs.
LV lkl< V'li It'll ? i W l'l*f?v
I 11 I I I I %? I l/.-n r l .1* * 1M I ^
RESIGNATION <>r Mlt. IICHLF/
Wahington. July 14.-?Presidon
Wilson has accepted the reslgnatio
of Edward X. Hurley as chairman r
the shipping board, effective Augm
1. It is understood that Mr Hur>
will be succeeded by John Ilarto
Payne, of Chicago, general counsel n
tho railroad administration% whos
nomination as a member of the shir
ping board- was sent to the senate tc
day.
OR. PESSOA IS PROCLAIMED
THE PRESIDENT OF RRAZII
Rio Janeiro, July 14.?Congres
has proclaimed Dr. Kpitaeio I'esso:
president of the republic for th
term ending 1922.
I?r. Pessoa, after a lengthy visi
to Europe, is now on his way to Hh
Janeiro, having sailed from New Yorl
July 6.
Two Divisions Coming Home.
Washington, July 14.?Definite as
slgnment of the fourth and fifth dl
vflcilnna Ipcq tho 3ftth infnntrv rncl
ment, to early return home was an
nouneed by the war department. Th<
exception of the 30th infantry led t(
reports here that this urtit woult
form part of the force to be deft or
the Rhine when all other organize
tions have been released.
Sells I 'lit n t for
Knoxville, uly 14.?Robert 8. Ar
faMs, of Kingsport, Tenn., an automobile
expert, has sold to the ilenera'
Motors company the patent rights to 8
boring and milling machine for $1,?
250,000.
ANCA
LANCASTER, S. C., TUESI
MOST GERMANS ARE I
MENTALLY TWISTED 1
Swiss Observer Finds Ninety I
Per Cent Are Unbalanced
ir on Account of War.
it
id
THEIR EFFICIENCY GONE J
i
f
is Everything Said to Be in Dis- I
order and No Straight Thinki,
e ing is Possible Among the Peot
pie.
>r ______
i,r
A Berne Special to the New York
Times says: A number of Swiss mer- h
,r chants, who for years past have regu- h
larly attended the famous Leipsig ii
Lt Fair, have been unable to express c]
i- their amazement at what they saw I
l( there. It was not that there was I
r. nothing to interest them at the fair, a
but that while they were in Germany s
e they could hardly believe that they t
ir were not in some other eountrv. <>
did not quite know which. The meri
chants, manufacturers and. others at
,r tiie fair, with whom they had to deal,
r( seemed to he mentally unbalanced,
n "Ninety per cent of the people with c
,r whom I had to deal," said one merd
chant "really did not know what they
t, were about. In visiting the various
>f exhibits in Leipsig }. would give an
p. order for something. I would tell the
a man in charge that I would take say ^
500 gross of a certain number down
0 myself, and then, of course, I expected
him to write it down, too. Then I ^
would order something else, and by
the time I had finished giving my or- ^
ders I would ask to compare my notes ^
with his. Then, to my great astonishment,
I would find he had either
not written down the orders at all or
had written them down all wrong.
"At first I thought I had merely
to do with a careless individual, but
afterwards I found that nine out of <
ten persons were in just the same I
* state of mental confusion. I then
n talked to some of the other Swiss who
If were visiting the fair and found that 3
' they, had had similar experiences, f
Once I lost patience and spoke very
d sharply to one man, whereupon he (
i- simply broke down, and said he was
18 sorry, but he had been four years in I
18 the trenches, and that he was no
longer capable of doing his work as
he did it befdre the war."
? Judging by all that these Swiss
1 merchants observed in Germany, this
k mental weakness and incapacity is (
>i ?
anecung 1101 only men who have been i
? a long time in the trenches, but also
8 civilians?women who were at home
a "and men who, for one reason or an- (
other, were never at the front. Some
P Germans known to these merchants (
n before the war as shrewd, energetic, i
n capable business men, now. they say.
talk like children, as if they knew j
r" nothing whatever of the outside
world, or what has been taking place
during the last four or five years.
^ Thus not even now do some of
them seem to realize that the value
n of German paper money abroad has
,f fallen. When told that the German
;? mark is only worth 35 cents in Switv
zerland today, instead of 1 franc 25 (
centimes, they asked. "Why?" As if ^
,t thev had never heard of such things
i v
e as international exchange or a eountry's
credit being good or bad.
>- The exhibits at the I.eipsig fair
were fairly numerous, but there was
nothing new. The lnrge firms insist- (
ed either upon payment being made ^
'J in francs or upon 17o to 2<?0 per cent
s being added to the prices for "Ger- ?
n many, owing to the German exchange
In Switzerland being so low. So confused
were the minds of the represen1
tatives of the smaller firms, however.
" that they asked the same prices from
1 a Swiss merchant as from their German
customers. Kven in the case of j,
the large firms, however, the Swiss ^
. merchant simply told his agent to K
. buy up such and such quantities, pay
. for them, and export them.
These lending German firms have n
a a combine, and are supposed to con- k
j trol prices for export, but as a mat
1 ter of fact, so I am assured, they do u
t nothing of tjie kind. In short, the if
- German merchants seem completely
dazqd, bewildered and confused at
present, and do not know what they
are doing.
What particularly struck all these
Swiss merchants, who have known
Germany for ninny years past, was
' the lack of orderliness everywhere,
(Continued on Page Two.)
)AY, JULY 15, 11)19.
HOLD SHORT COU
HERE JULY 16,17
lome Demonstration Ager
Give Instruction in Ect
nomics This Week.
IN ATTRACTIVE PROG
fome Gardening, Canning,
to Be Chief Themes at
ing Beginning Next We
day.
Following is the program i
lome lionmnatriiHon oLnri
e given at the Central school
ng In Lancaster Wednesday, '
lay and Friday, July .6, 17 a
t will be In charge of Miss J
I. Neely, county home demons!
igent, and Miss K1 FreUla I'oi
istant emergency home denu
Ion agent. The ladies of Lai
tre especially Invited:
Wednesday, July 1(1.
10:45-l 1: 4 5?Opening exerc
Devotional. Rev. W. S. Pattei
Welcome address. Mayor
Stewart.
Response, Hon. Frank C. CI
Address, Mr. T. W. Moseley.
Announcements.
11:45-1:00 ? Steam Pi
'"ookery and Canning. Mrs. Do
Valker, Miss Minnie Garrison.
1:00-2:30?Dinner.
2:30-3:30?Vinegar Makin
hardening, Mrs. Dora Dee Wa
3:30-5:00?Uses of Milk ai
dp Service, Miss Marie White.
*rogram for Canning Club
, Wednesday, July 16.
section A.
10:45-11:45?Opening exert
11:4 5-12:00?Announcemen
12:00-1:00?Canning In Tl
Jlass, Tomatoes and Soup M
Hisses Edwards and Parrish.
1:00-2:30?Dinner.
2:30-3:30?Salad making, (
Dreading Demonstrated) and
Service. Miss Marie White.
3:30-4:30?Sewing. Miss
larrlaon.
4:30-5:30?Gardening, Mrs
lee Walker.
Wednesday.
Section B.
10:45-11:45?Opening exert
11:45-12:00?Announcemen
12:00-1:00 ? Salad r
Boiled Dressing Demonstrate!
Table Service, Miss Marie Whi
1:00-2:30?Dinner.
2:30-3:30?Sewing. Miss
larrison.
3:30-4:30?Canning In T
Jlass Tomatoes and soup mi:
disses Edwards and Parrish
1: 30-5:30?Gardening, Mrs
lee Walker.
Thursday, July IT.
Section A.
0 :00-1 0:00?Opening exerci:
llavnllnn.l !>..? II II
Club songs.
Talk. Supt. A. ('. Itownll,
Announcements.
10:00-11:30 ? Making 3
'uroe a nil Ketchup. Saving soei
Vilt-Rosistant Tomatoes. Miss
.aids and Parrish.
1 1 : 30-1: 00 ?Sowing. Miss
la rrison.
1 :00-3:00?Dinner.
3:00-4:30- Spraying and IV
Bordeaux Mixture. Mr. A. A
[nown.
4:30-5:30 - Marketing Club
rts, Mr F. R. Harkoy, Cleinsc
?ge.
Section B.
0:00-10:00 Opening exerc.it
1 0: 0o-11 ; 30 ?Sewing. Miss !
a rrison.
11:30-1:00 ? Making T
uree and Ketchup. Saving
mm Wilt-Resistant Tomatoes,
(iwards and Parrlsh.
1:00-3:00?Dinner.
3:00-4:30?Spraying and \
lordeaux Mixture, Mr. A. A
eown.
4:30-5:30?Marketing Club
ots, Mr. F. L. Darkey, Clemsc
'ge.
Friday, .Inly 1H.
Section A.
0:00-1 0:00?Opening exerci
Devotional, Rev. ! '. U. Mason
Club songs.
Talk.
Announcements.
10:00-11:30 ? Making T
(Continued on Page 2.)
i Ng
nor ; HENRY H. WATKINS
l\j?| is CHOSEN FOR J
18
} ViKlt'iMMi Lawyer Nanicil to I
taricy in Western l)|stri<
its to .south t'iiitt.inii.
Washington, July 14.?Th
fight of the vacancy on the b<
the federal court for the West*
RAM trict of South Carolina was
here today by the nomination <
ry H. Watkins, a well known
' of Anderson.
Meet- From the beginning of th
(dnes- ^,r" Wat^'n8' friends have lef
ing undone that would make h
(nation certain and as -intimt
this correspondence several
, . Mr. Watkins comes off the wi
of the A A1_ . ..
/v hku me crisis in un
rso to
build l'0n WaS reac^e(^- then
apparent that the nomination
Thurs- ? ? Al .
, - ? tween Mr. Watkins and
nd 18. ?
Thomas S. Sease of Spartanbu
uanita
a day or two ago it was anr
ration . . . , . ,,
as almost certain that Mr. V
iK, aswould
be selected.
Today Senator Dial said:
icaster
satisfied that we have made ai
lent recommendation. Mr. \V
is a lawyer of splendid ability
is? s. tleman of highest standing a
rson. who will do full credit to t
It S eral bench. I know of no mat
we could have selected who
yburn. more worthily fill the place.
sorry that other good men ct>
get it but there was only on
essure to give and that has gone to M
ra Dee kins.
The senate judiciary cor
now takes this matter under
K and mont and Mr. Watkins probal
lker. be confirmed within the next 1
ad Ta ten days
Senator Dial has requested
(iirls, man Nelson of the judiciary t
tee to expedite action upon th
ination of Captain Watkins o
dses ern d,8trirt ?' South Carolina
(R narily, the nomination with ot
In and ceived today from the White
ixture wou,fl ,,e over until the next
meeting of the committee and
referred to a subcommittee.
Moiled Regarding various report
Table have been current concern
judgeship, Senator Dial toda
Minnie "Ev?nr man whose claims we
sented to me had a fair show
Dora 'ore department of just
filed all names that were su
to ine, together w ith all recom
tions received. Some names i
pers reached me earlier than
*1868.
and the friends of some car
' made independent representat
nuking ......
. rectly to the department. All
1) and , ,, ..
were carefully considered ai
le.
had been filed."
Minnie Senator Dial said that the
had never reached a stage ai
in and became necessary for him
<ttire) ?'are whether or not he would
the confirmation of any candle
. Dora *
SUMMITS TO FOKDNEY
TKONA POTASH P
SOS.
4 . ,I> liilJS IM'UM'C I Ollllllllll'l1
mail Result* of < Icmsiin In
fixation in Darlington.
'ninat 0
[1 from Washington, July It Rc
os E<l- tativo Lever has laid before
sontative Fordnoy, chairman
Minnie j)OUSe wny8 and moans con
which is handling tho potash
tion. a copy of the news lettoi
Iaking j,y ciemson college In which
\K(*m
k * pears that an investigation In
conducted in Darlington cou
' ""'i the effect of tronn potash up
n ( ton, corn and tobacco. The
gallon seems to demonstrate t
potash of this character is <1 is
to these crops. Mr. Lever fe<
Minnie findings should be of int<
Mr Fordnoy and his committ
omato thoy may have a deeidoi
' once upon the character of
Misses that may be finally dete
upon and for this reason he via
to lay the matter before the
taking committee.
Mc
}>n (] (JKItMANH MAKE REDDEST
FOR LIFTING OF EMM
in col
Paris, July 14.?The official
the German national assembly
flcatlon of the peace treaty will
sos. here shortly by a special eourii
Weimar, Raron Kurt vtm I.
head of the German peace n
announced in a note to Preml
menceau, president of the pea
oinato f?rence. Raton von Lersner,
fore, asked that the blockade
Germany be raised
-1
' ' " 1.
iVS
SUBSCRIPTION $2.00 A YEAR
, REQUEST GOVERNOR
TO CALL MEETING
I I
American Cotton Association
Wants Big; Gathering; in
ie long . Columbia
inch ol' . ,
?rn dissettkd
TO EXPLAIN PURPOSES
of Hen
1 ci w yer
Resolution Requests That Sime
fight ilar Conventions Be Held in
t noth- States in the Cotton Growls
nom, *,1
intr Belt.
times,
nner.
Governor Cooper has been asked hy
e situa- .... ? , A,
the American Cotton association tu>
became ? , ,, ....
la be CU a ineetinR in Columbia at whick
Jud e ?''jec's an'* purposes of the Amerr
lean Cotton association and the South.
r8. 11 Carolina Cotton association may be
lounced , . . , . . . .. *
,, . . explained to tlie people of South CarV
at kins . ... , .
olina. I his request has been made in
"1 in oomp"ance w*Ci a resolution adopted
by the directors ol tlie American Cota
excel- . . ,,
ton associ.ition at a meeting held reatakins
cently.
, a gen- ,, ,, , . ?
11. Harris, commissioner of agriculnd
one . , ? ,
? , ture; J. H. Claffey, president of thtr
he fedi
wli ii Farmers union; A. E. Padgett,
president of the South Carolina BankWj"U,u
ors' association: I?r. \V. M. ltiggs.
, , ' president of all of the chambers of
uld not # . . , ,,
connuerce of the state and all other
^ ^ organizations interested in the development
of the agricultural interests
of the state have been asked to join
t*ie ca"- ** '8 P'anned to make tber
meeting the biggest ever held in the;
lily wid
state.
\e( ol while the exaet date of the big
gathering has not been determined, it
( a 1 is hoped to hold it just before the big
membership campaign to be conduct"
aou>~ f,y the South Carolina Cotton asso^
o'S'' c'ttCon next mouth. Plans for this
( campaign are now being made at th?
titers reheadquarters
of the association in Co?"se
lunibia by B. P. McLeod of Charlesth'h
be t0n' 8tate Inana8er. and A. A. Protzman,
organization director.
J. Skottowe Wannamaker of St8
ill At
Matthews, president of the American
11| r the
Cotton association, and also of the
y said *
' .South Carolina Cotton association,.
Tn T*?" s*ate<' that a similar muss meeting
. 8 u" will be held in every state of the cot'
iro
ton belt. These meetings are being
m ? called in order that the objects and
j purposes of the cotton association*?
1 ithers may explained to the people. The
... objects and purposes as given by Mr.
ididates
Wannamaker, are:
ions di- ....
Purposes of Meetings.
I names _ ,
ro protect the interests of the cotfter
all . .
ton producer and to improve his condition.
matter To promote economic regulation of
t which rottou production to the end that supto
do- pjy |jp so adjusted to demand
oppose that the producer shall at no time bo
lat0- required to sell his product at lest*
than a fair and reasonable profit.
To promote intelligent diversifica
wxiw. tion of crops, and to develop markets
KOHL frtr _
.?/ ? 1 WIIK I 111(111 ? Vllldll, (l? V
may lie profitably raised.
Cliair- Improve and enlarge presently
existing warehousing facilities and to
secure additional facilities to the end!
that the producer inaj carry his crop,
or such part as he may desire, at the
minimum of expense and physical
ptesen- damage and at the maximum ot seIlepre
parity and (innnelnhility.
of the j To broaden the markets for raw
iinf11et?, j cotton un.Uto enlarge the uses for cotlegisla-j
jon ,in(j cotton goods,
issued | To improve and increase transah
portation and distrihutlon facilities,
is been To collect Information as to both
nty on domestic and foreign consnmpfion of
on cot- cotton, the state of trade, the extent
investi- Qf acreage, supply and condition of
hat the cropi an,j all other information of
astrous | pract icnl interest to the cotton tndus ls
tlint (ry and to disseminate the results
crest to through the several suborganizations
!ee and to every member of every community,
' 'n"N- together with directions as to the
leglsla- course to be pursued in order to sermined
cure the best result.; in view of th??
s quick facts disclosed.
proper To do nil and singular whatsoever
may be conducive to the stability and
profitableness of the cotton producing:
Industry.
'KATIE The resolution adopted by the dltext
of lectors of the American Cotton asso's
rati- elation asking the governors of the
I airive various states in the belt to call one
r from ' meeting in each state follows:
.ersner. Resolution \doptd.
illusion, ?<Whereas, it Is of the utmost inrler
Cle- portance that the vast importance of
ce con- hhj American Cotton association
there- should be presented to the entire oltl?
against ?
(Continued on I'age Two.)
i in ><11 liaiim