THE FACTORY SCHOOL PROBLEL.
Davis efries, &perintendent Graded
Sanoas. Unwon, s. C.~
The resources of the South are
varied and. abundant and are still
in an undeveloped state, but the
cotton industry of the North is
on the march southward. This
change means that the South
with unequaled natural advan
tages for cotton manufacturing,
backed by the capitol of New
England, is going to become the
world's textile manufacturing cen
ter. Men of the North are break
ing loose from their environments,
are enlarging their horizon and
now see beyond their own shores,
and our own citizens are begin
ning to realize that the best way
to build up their town and in
crease their wealth is to invest
their money at home. Ten years
ago there was not a cotton mill
in Union County. Now in Union
township alone we have the Union
Cotton Mills, which employ about
1,300 operatives, The Monarch
Cotton Mill whose stock is ex
pected soon to be increased to
$1,000,000, Buffalo Cotton Mill
which will be one of the largest
in the South, and The Union
Knitting Mills whose stock will I
soon be increased to $200,000. 1
These same conditions exist in
many other towns of South Caro
lina. As a natural result there
is a large factory population. I
This presents to us an opportunity
and a duty. Will we shun it, or i
will we meet it ts brave men ]
should? An obligation is there-<
by created whioh we can not rea
son away. It stands there to i
welcome us to a higher life in its <
fulfilment than we have ever
known, or to reproach us for neg
lecting its rightful claims. Now,
in the beginning of this new cen
tury, the existing circumstances I
demand our best thoughts and i
energies. Every nerve should be
strung to action, every effort put
forth for the enlightenment of i
these people. They have, in the i
majority of cases, left their farms i
and have flocked to the mills in t
order to support their children, r
or, as is too often the case, t 112
their children ~~
them.
chil
TI
their m' 'oe gehonide
done! These children will soon
be the citizens of our country.
Many have the impression that:
they will be very undesirable
citizens, and this will be the case:
if we as superintendents are not
fully alive to our duty. I do not
wish to be understood as saying
one word against any one because
he works in a factory.
"Honor' and sham. from us con
dition rise,
Act well your part there all the
honor lies."
Some as good people as I have
ever known work in the mill; but
among factory .people, under the
existing conditions, the tendency1
is to illiteracy.4
The negroes usually improve4
the opportunities they have and
ere long they will surpass the t
factory population in education I
if something is not done and done t
quickly. Fortunately, the fac- a
tories are usually located in or
near cities where the school facili- I
ties are good, but alas! so many I
of the factory people take no in- J
terest in education. In Union we t
have a good factory school build- I
ing and the school is run nine 1
months in the year with no cost c
whatever to pupils, but the at- t
tendance is by no means what it S
should be. The superintendent t
of the Union Cotton Mills told e
me recently he thought there were t
about 1,200 children on factory nl
hill between the ages of 6 and 21. t
Six hundred of these are employed o
in the mills leaving 600 unem- f
ployed; we enroll about 250 of d
these in the graded schools, the
remaining 350 are allowed to loaf a
on the streets, smoke cigarettes Si
4 and engage in many other vices. 5t
You may say it is the parents' ti
duty to control and send them to a
school; so i~t is, but if lie is de- H
relict to his duty it does not ex- ir
cuse us, and we should do all in w
our power to raise the little onesB
from things low and grovelling to b
something higher and nobler. a
Ouifactory school is by no .<
means an idleal school, but I am h
proud of the pupils who do at- m
tend. They usually come from as
the best families oin the hill and l h
give us very little trouble, in any J tc
way. They are much easier con- we
trolled than the children in town. ca
The more I think of this fac- cu
tory school problem the more a
fully am I convinced that we w
should have the best teachers in ne
the best results. A good practi
cal teacher who feels sympathy
for and takes an interest in the
children cali accompilish wonders.
Many factory people have preju
fiees and super:.titions which a
judicious teacher can remove.
Many people whose children stay
at home could be induced to send
them to school if the proper
means were employed.
It has beea truly said that we
should have teachers in our fac
tory schools who can take hold of
the child's future and see, even in
the wayward, the possibility of
a noble man or woman; one who
would spare no pains to lift up
the fallen and carry light into
moral darkness; one whose in
auence flows from an exalted and
aoble character. If devotion to
bruth and duty does not glow
within her heart and life her ef
forts to secure such devotion in
lier pupils will prove useless.
We should select such teachers
vs will ever be ready to teach
noral truths whenever an oppor
'unity presents itself; and these
>pportunities will often come
but if we have a teacher who
breats the pupils as- if she thinks
2erself better than they, who
;akes no interest in them except
:o go through the regular routine
vork and that in a harsh crabbed
nanner, who works merely for her
alary, we can not hope to make
,hat school a success. The teacher
;hould be kind and true to the
rust reposed on her. Robert E.
Uee won the love of his army and
>f the South, not so much by his
nilitary powers, as by his kind
iess of heart, and his unselfish
levotion to the interests of his
yeople. Others would do well to
ollow his example.
David P. Page speaks words of
mcoursgemen when he says: "To
iim who sees beforehand that
here are real difficulties in his
)rofession and who is not too
)roud or self-conceited to feel the
teed of special preparation to
aeet them; to him who has some
dea of the power of example in
he educator, and who desires,
aost of all things, that his char
eter shall be so pure as to ren
I may say thee is nothing to
fear.'
We should be candid and honest
in dealing with the children and
should not inspire them with the
false hope that they may all be
presidents and the like. The
range of most persons, and es
pecially factory people, is so
imited that very few have the
>pportunity of becoming great in
~he usual acceptation of the word;
ut let us teach the children that
every one can do his part honestly
Led honorably and to the best of
iis ability; that he can use his
alents and not abuse; that he
:an be true, honest and faithful
even in small things; in other
vords that he can do his duty in
hat sphere in which God has
>laced him; that this embodies
he highest ideal of life and char
ecter.
I am glad to report that we
Lave had some very ambitious
>upils in our factory school. A
oung married gentleman at
ended several months and was a
10st diligent student. He now
Las a good position in the mill in
onsequence of his having at
ended school. Such young men
hould be encouraged and taught
hat the barriers are not yet
rected that can say to aspiring'
dlent and industry "thus far and
o farther." Let us encourage
hem by examples from history
f great men who have emerged
~om the depths of obscurity,
estitution and want.
As a rule, I am not in favor of
pupil entering school under
ven years of age. I have ob
arved, with a well known writer,
iat oftentimes parents are so
2xious to develop the child's
mid that they crush the casket
iorder to astonish the world
ith the brilliancy of the gem.
ut, only a few months ago, a
right.little boy not six years of
e came to enter our factory
hool. After considering thatI
would soon be placed in the1
ill and that the few months
ent in school now would be all
would ever go, I thought best
allow him to enter although hs
s under the school age. Other
ses of the same kind have oc- 5
rred. These children may come t
few years, learn to read and ~
-ite, and a few words of kind- ~
as and advice spoken to them IN
may have an unspeakable in
fluence in the fountain of thei
character.
We have a boy in our nint]
grade whose father left his farn
and came to the factory. By har<
work and econumy he has7 man
aged to keep his son in schoo
most of the time. He is excelle<
by none in his class. A mor
obedient, industrious, polite, an(
satisfactory pupil in every respec
I have never seen. We have tw<
other pupils from the mill in th<
town school who lead their classes
anud behave beautifully. Man;
ofher children have learned t<
judge a person, not by the clothe
he can afford to wear, but b;
morzl and intellectual worth.
There is a school and churci
building at the knitting mill givei
by a good lady-Mrs. Nicholson
and I ha;ve been informed tha
there will be, in the near future
good school buildings erected a
the cotton mills now in the cours<
of construction, as we alread;
have at the Union Cotton Mills
This is as it should be. Goo<
school buildings well furnished
goqd teachers and churches wil
do much to solve the factor
problem. I fear it will never b<
solved to our entire satisfaction
but let not that fact hinder u
from doing our duty in the three
fold education of mind, body. an<
@ieart. The mere acquisition c
knowledge alone will be of littl<
value. Some uf the worst char
aeters in history have been mer
of scholarly ability. If we edu
cate the mind and not the heart
we render them capable of doing
more evil in the world. Let us
teach them to place before them
the ideal of a pure and loftj
character. The person who does
not have some such ideal wil
never attain the highest excel
lence.
May the time soon come whet
there will be a good school build
ing at every factory in our State
may parents realize the great re
sponsibility that is resting upon
them, and do all in their powei
to educate their children; may
we have educated earnest teach
ers who regard duty as the sub
anc
jand ong tats.aP1
to take. Me Waqter 1 o.
-, THE BRITIaH ANSwER
Washivgton. March 11.-Tbe los
expected answer from the Britia
government to the state departtmeni
communication reciting the action c
the senate upon the 13ay-PauncefoI
treaty was returned to-day.
Lord Panneefote came to the stat
department at noon by appointuen
Be brought the answer with him, an
read It to Secretary flay. It w as, i
ferm, an instruction from 'Lord Lani
down, the British minister of loreig
affairs, to Lord Pancefote, and <
this instruction he left a copy wit
Secretary Hay. The secretary and tb
ambassador were closeted for half a:
boor. At the conclusion of the con
forence, it was stated that the instrnc
lion to Lord Paunceforte was to notif
the go)vernment of the United State
that the British government did no
see its way clear to the acceptance o
the senate amendment.. Tbe note con
einded with an expression of regre
that such a course was lorced upon tb
British government. There w as not b
tug in the nature of a counter prol~on
tih.n, nor was any opening left ft.
fur. her action by the British goveru
ment.
It was sta'cd that if there is to bei
further attempt to amend the tUlayton
Baiwer treaty, so as to authotize thi
United States to construct a watsrway
acr.ss the isthmus, then it is tar th4
UJnited States to make the overture:
the British government's reply drtpi
the matter at this point. The 1tmpree.
610n prevails that there will be no im
mediate action tooking toward the
negotiation of a treaty.
For the present the text of the Brie
ish answer will be witbheld Iromn pub.
lication, on this aide of the water, at
least, though It is sa:d that atter the
president bas- consiaered the mttter
some general statement may be made
as to the various pointi developed.
'Ibe Britishi ans wer is quite tehngthy,
as iuch documents go, and would
mnake about two newspaper column.
The lone of tt~e reply is di-tmci
friendly thronghbout, particularty io in
he conc:ad:ng assurances tf good
will and a desire to coopet ate in ttie
reaI zation of this undertaking. Al
hough the text is withhie:d, it is
uinderstocd that the answer takes up
bach of the three amendments made b)
he 'enate and presetnts the diffienlties
ta tthe way of uasenting to them As
o the amendment which strt~ck out
lIt that clause of the treaty a:yvaiag
tber maritime nations to concur in
he neutral zing of t be canal, tie Brit
ib view is that wt-i e ti~e Uuaite~d
tates and Gareat Britaiu can biod
hernselves by treaty to neatroaize the
aa, they cannot make this action
inding on a!l other governments, un
na these governments cnr cur. As ti
die entire abrogat:on of the D~ayton
in wer treary, as provided by chna of
-he Ierae amendments, it appears tc
- be the British view that such a step ii
too far-reaching to be taken withoun
some negotia ion in which the Britist
side of tne case is presented The so.
1 catied Davis amendment appears, how
I ever, to be te chief obstacle in tht
. way of an agreement, and while the
British answer makes no suggestion ol
any further t.egotiatiou, there ceemi
to be a fair inference f-om the genera
iener that if a mdifi:ation of thii
smendment could be secured tbere
probably could be an anjasiment upot
the other points of oiffire.ces. A
reading of ihe answer lslo makes p~ait
-hat wbile it does not make couniei
pruposwtions or propose fi ther ac ion
yet it does not pric ude sneh tc ion O)
laying down a course which will Ut
adhered to without the sligbt-t devia
tion. On the contrary, th answel
takes the form of an argum-nt tending
to hhow ttiat the amni dmsnue jrupos-c
by the senate do not fairly c,- sidlv
the vvrious Briti-h in-eresta involved
and that they cannot for that reaor
be accepted in thc trrm piesented
But there is nothing perempiory in th:
tone of the answer.
The Davis amendment to the treaty
white in terms it did not give thu
United States a right to fortify thb
cansal, in ge- oral la,,guage expressa'
the right of this c-untry to acop: sue)
measuris in regaid to the canal al
weic deemed nece.sary for the propei
maintenance of Amerlein authority
The two oth-r smetndments abrogaec
tbe Clayton-Bulwer treaty and stiuci
out the provision of the treaty wh:ct
invited o her foreign governfnents tc
expre s their approvt.l of it.
CASTOR Ik
For Infants and Children.
The Kind You Have Always Bought
Bears the
Ugature of
Rock=a=Bye Bab)
These are sweet words, but how muc
pain and suffering they used to mean. It'
different now. Since Mother's Fricad ha
become known expectant mothers hav
been spared much of the anguish of child
birth. Mother's friend is a liniment to b
applied externally. It is rubbed thorough)
into the muscles of the abdomen. It give
elasticity and strength, and whea the fina
great strain comes they respond quickly anc
easily witho.ut pain. Mother's Friend i
never taken internally. Internal remedie
at this time do more harm than good. If
woman is supplied with this splendid lin
b ment she need never fear risingor swelliz
-breasts, morning sickness, or any of ti
Sdiscomforts which usually accompany prol
f nancy.
* The proprietor of a large hotel in Tampi
Fla., writes: "My wife had an awful timr
with her first child. During her secon
e pregnancy, Mother's Friend was used an
,the baby was born easily before the doctc
arrived. It's certainly great."
Glet Mother's Friesnd at the
drug store. $1 per bottle.
THE BRADFIELD REGULATOR CO
5 Atlanta, Ga.
f W rite for o~srfre lustrted book, "Before Bat
Is Born."
: TOO MANY
-ON HAND.
SJUSi' ARRIVYED, A CARLOAI
.of YOUNG MlULES. I have over
on hand, anld Ibey mnst go. If see
want to buy a toule corne to see mu
anid I will se I yct1 cheaper than 1ot
e*~n buy an) where es--.
I have an' price mnle or horse yoti
want irom $30 ur. Also
all good wor kers and some good sad
dIe hor-es. Cofme to see me before
youn buy.
I want to buy your cattle. Let me
see them before you sell.
A. Williford,
Winnaboro. 8. C.
UNDER TAKING
IN ALL ITS DEPARTMENrd,
with a full stock of Caskets. Buriil
Cases and Coffine, constantly on hand,
and us" of hearse when requested.
Thankful for past patronage and solici
tation for a share in the future, in the
old stand
&alis attended to at all boutrs.
THE ELLIOTT GIN SHOP,
J. hI, ELLIOT T & 00,
4.11.1e
The Kind You Have Always E
in use for over 30 ye ,-, I
~ and L
oafl
All Counterfeits, Imitations.,
Experiments that trifle with
Infants and Childre.,-ExpeI
What is C
Castoria is a harmless subs1
goric, Drops and Soothing 1
contains neither Opium, Mo
substance. Its age is its gua
and allays Feverishness. It
Colic. It relieves Teething I
and Flatulency. It assimila
Stomach and Bowels, giving
The Children's Panacea-Thi
CENUINE CAST
Bears the I
The Kind Yo llHa
In 'Use For O
THE CEWAU R CC PANY. TT MiO
Notice to Voters1
Tne Books of 1bgistration for regis
tering vo-ers for the next municipal
election to be held on 3donda%, April
1st, 1901, for Intendent and Wardens
for the town of Winnsboro, S. C.. will
be -opened at Mr. Jno Mf. Smith's
store Jar.uarv 1st, 1901, an. closed
March 31,t, 1901.
All voters for this election must
register within this -time. Eich ap
plicant for registration must prodo
his coun:y reglatrati e and
town ! eeif or all town taxes
le before he can register for town
election, .K C A . w
Intendant.
W. 31. Catheart. Supervieor of
Registratioa.
~14
STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA,
COUNTY OF FAIEF: LD.
COURT OF COMg|0N PLEAS.
The Peoples- lank of Winnsboro,
8. C., Plaintiff, vs So!. Wolfe, H. U'.
Wolfe, deceased, C. B. Wolfe, Sara
W DePoteR, Rebecca (I. Brann,
Etta L Natnan, D. J Kanfmar',
Jsabelle Bartech and Rose E Lytton,
Defendan-s.
d In pursuance of an order of the
d Court of Common Paeas made ii the
>r above stated case, I wi'! eff r for sale
before the Court House door in Wit~ns
bero, S. C., on the
FIRST MON DAY IN APRIL
-, mext, within the legal honr. of sale,
at pubtic enutcry. to the hig best bidder,
" the following described property, to
wit:
"All (hcse two Its or psrcels of land
l'ing, beni g and situate in the town of
Wivnsboro, in the County of F.i fie d
and State of Siuth Car, lina afo'resaid.
known and designated on the pign"if
said town as lots numbered one hwe
dred and forty-fonr (144) and 60yv
ni-ae (59), cor.tainring tegtrher ree
fourths of an acre, and bounrded n'orth1
wardly by lots numnbered one hunrre
andl forty-three (14b) and uixr1 (60).
formerly ocenpted by Dr. T. T. Rob
ertson, deceased; eastvardly b l.,t
numbr1ered: eigh'y-'ix (86) ; soutt
war dl by lots nmbereti one h~ii:d .d
aind forty fiv.e (145) and fit y *ig-r
(58), formeirly < wned b, L wi. W
linval, a'd now on d ny 4 Ii.
Meh e' ; uand we-twa~ 'y by ( origre.
street, 'o th.e rigt .f way se!l by
Day d F. McD ,ael to the Chart iir
and South Caro ina Rlailoand Comnra-a
Alsi all those pr nm a s b ing, b. ing.
anid situste in the# same ;0o, < only
and 8:ate aforusaid, known and desig
nard on the plan of said toiwn ap I
niumberedt eightv-'.-vn (87) as'd parr
of Jot rtu'ibered fif'.e itI (58), COrn
tainirg 'hree-four'h' of an acr e. mm;e
or lezs, and bo-:nnded on th- south by'
lots r,umzbered fifty-nine (59) and
eigbhtssx (86); ont the east bs Zio
stree. ; on thu' -e-stn by oa rnmbrd
fifty seveni (57) and eighty-eight (88);
anud on the wear by land oi the t,:,ar
h't'e,-t ~alTmbis a'd Ang!1sta Riroad
Company (nouw the Sotnern Railwas
l'ompani) :hrough which tiheir rail
road track- is constracred.
TF.RMS OF SALE
Ons-third of trhe parchase money to
be paid in cash, the balance on a credit
of one anid t wo 5 ears, (in two Iri.!s
annual insta:nments from the day of
;ate), wibh irt- rest fom t c day cf
sale, to be seetnred by the bond of the
purchasr and a mortgage oif 'h prem.
i-es a -Id, with the irivilege to the
purchaser to pay the credit portion of
the pairchase money or any part there.
of in caib at his option. Interest to
be bt the rate of eight per cent peri
annum The purchaser to pay for l
nlecebsary papers.
JOHN W. LYLES,
Ma-'b 9, 1901. C. C P. F. C.
3-19td
The One Day Cold Cure. .
For colds and sore throat use Kermott's Choco
Ies Laxate Quinine. Elasily taka a aSa
r~
Ia bCCZcn hl li!. r Cr
no onC tZo deceCir yo:n in .
i ,d "37 Just-- God"I are C
and endnger th2C hea1th c
,ienco .as EA- imrt
titute for Ca2.or 02, Parc,
;yrups. It is Plcasant. I
rphine nlOr other 21arcoti
xrantee. It destroys Wormsi5
cures Dia:rrh7xa and Wind
.roubles, cure3 Constipation
tes thc Food, regnlates the
healthy and natural sleep.
3 Mother's Friend.
ORIA ALWAYS
signature of
re Always Bought
er 30 Years.
MAY SThZC?. NEW YORK CITY.
We have trade-winnera. hig-grade
and low-in-price fIE ATERS-the most e
economical ever in6v !tleK.
They will born knot s, chanks, cbpv
.and-aeythinig e'--4---is -ombiatibe.
and will give grater beat wiib !es
fuel'than any other r-tove in existence
and beat. more quickiy.
keep the room vrrrm all
ng't and every night. Y
your rcom at any tevuiert The
are s cheap as coal and chesp -
snnI4
AN FORTABL~-s
bed roomrdiining roo', i i
COOKLNG S&ES
NONE BETTER MADXE
Why psy sixty eight dollars fot'a
range fromi an agent when you can
buy as good one at half price from't ..
yottr home dealers, who have a rep7~
tation to sustain and who.wilIH~~t~
you orefaily.The money. left .s
hoe sit them is circulated at home
does no good locally.
R. W. Phillips,
* 1851
VIVRNSII -
11ADE DY4
tIE TR8flILLI(i IU
~~V.S.A.
[XAGTLY l1ATCata
ttATIRAL. Woc5 ofl
ANY' SVRLACL
FOR SALE BY
Obear Drug Co.
'TO HlOMIT MAY CONCEN
ALL PARTIES INDEBIlED 70
Le estate of Q. D). Weiiford, d
e a ed, wi:1 plea-e call ansd sele their
acounts whih A. WV. Brran ait rho od
siind. J. L. J;IMNAUJGl*,
1 8 Sai Admzinistrator. 2
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